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- Abstract：A double haploid line(DHL) population with 216 lines derived from a cross of Nongda 3338 and Jingdong 6 was used to identify the quantitative trait loci(QTL) for plant height and internode length in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.).Based on the high density genetic linkage map with 379 markers,eight QTLs were detected by composite interval mapping(LOD>2.5) using two locations phenotype data of plant height in the same year,and distributed on chromosomes 2D,4B,4D,5A,6D,7A respectively.The total QTL effects detected for the plant height accounted for 91.86%(Beijing)and 92.63%(Linfen)of the phenotypic variation in two locations.And 28 QTLs were detected using two locations phenotype data of five internodes length in the same year,and distributed on chromosomes 2B,2D,3B,4A,4B,4D,5A,6A,6D and 7A.Many QTLs for internode length are overlapping with the QTLs for plant height,indicating the high level of relevance between plant height and internode length.The present data are useful for wheat genetic manipulations through molecular marker-assisted selection(MAS),and provides new insights into understanding the genetic basis of plant height in wheat.Keywords：wheat;plant height;internode length;quantitative trait locus(QTL);double haploid line(DHL)0|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Grain weight of wheat is influenced by terminal abiotic stresses such as drought or elevated temperature in the Sichuan Basin of China.To explore the difference in grain weight and grain filling parameters amongst genotypes and their stabilities,field experiments were carried out in 5 rain-fed environments (year×site) involving ten spring cultivars.A large variability in thousand kernel weight (TKW) among genotypes was recorded (42.9 to 53.0 g) over experimental environments.Most grain filling parameters were significantly affected by location,year and genotype with environmental effects being larger than genotypic effects.In any one year,TKW,maximum grain-filling rate (Rmax),mean grain-filling rate (Rmean),pyramid period (T1),slow increase period (T3),and grain-filling rate of the fast increase period (R2) were highly dependent on genotype.All grain filling parameters and grain weight of genotype CM104,CM42,CY23 and NM836 were stable based on multi-statistical parameters.TKW correlated positively with grain filling rates including Rmean,Rmax,R1,R2 and R3 whereas the stability of TKW coincided with the stability of initial grain-filling potential (C0) and R1.Therefore C0 and R1 were the main factors affecting the stability of grain weight.CM104 and CM42 are useful germplasm for improving yield and stability of grain weight.Keywords：wheat;grain-filling parameters;genotypical difference;stability0|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to explore the aphid-resistance of wheat cultivars/lines at booting and filling stage in the fields,and then offer the reference for selecting parents and breeding new aphid-resistant cultivars effectively,the resistance to aphid of 148 wheat cultivars/lines in natural susceptible conditions in 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 years in Beijing area were studied using the aphid number ratio method.The results showed that Heng6632,Nongda3432 and Jingdong8 had high resistance at the booting stage;Luomai4,Han6228,Han4015,KOK1679,Yannong23,Jinghua1,Linkang15 and Yangmai158 had resistance or mid-resistance at filling stage.Meanwhile 08P20,KOK1679,Heng6632,Ji38、Linkang15 and Luomai4 had mid-resistance or above at both stage.Keywords：wheat;aphid resistance;booting stage;filling stage2|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Seed development can be divided as seed-bulging stage and seed-shrinking stage in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merri.).Detection of non-destruction index is important for studying the soybean seed-filling process.The experiment was performed by continuous measuring the thickness of the marked soybean pods,harvesting one-day-bloomed pods successively at the late stage of seed-bulging and determining the germination rate,with four materials of Qingxian 819-4,Jidou 17,Lu 96150 and V94-3971 sowed at two dates.The results showed that (i) Pod wall thickness was constant during the seed-filling process,so changes of pod thickness indicated the variance of seed thickness.The relationship between pod thickness and days after bloom was effectively simulated with a quatratic function (y=ax2+bx+c),based on which,initiation point,final point (maximum pod thickness appeared)and duration of seed-bulging,as well as average pod thickening rate were predicted effectively.The maximum pod thickness would be served as an indicator of seed germination initiation.(ii) Pod thickness jointly affected by material characteristics and environmental conditions.Pod thickening rate was different between the two flowering pods in the same materials.So marking flowers is necessary to control the environmental effect in the study of seed-filling.(iii) Seed-bulging characteristics varied among the different materials,and it was possible to select soybean with early and fast seed-bulging characters.Thus,pod thickness can be served as a non-destruction index for soybean seed-filling study and early harvesting date determination.1|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The protein subunits are important components for store protein in faba bean seed,since it is essentially the first step to further understand their structures and functions of these protein subunits in detail.Six specific protein subunits of faba bean were identified by using liquid chromatograph (LC),LC-ESI-MS/MS and bio-information approaches in this study.The results indicated that four proteins were identified from each of the 64,47,42 and 38 ku specific protein subunits.The four proteins were convicilin,legumin a precursor,putative sucrose binding protein and LEGB7_VICFA;97 ku encoded the same protein as GroEL;96 ku was composed of six proteins with different metabolic characteristics.Keywords：faba bean;protein subunit;MS/MS;identification0|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In the present study,rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE PCR) was used to clone gene for PS Ⅰ reaction center subunit Ⅱ from the sugarcane leaf roll,which was named as SopsaD gene,with the GenBank accession number of JX866950.The full-length cDNA of SopsaD was 904 bp.It possessed the open reading frame of 603 bp encoding 200 amino acids with predicted molecular weight of 21.85 ku and an isoelectric point of 10.5.At the N-end of SoPsaD protein,1~44 aa was the chloroplast transit peptide sequence and 62~199 aa was the conserved Pfam:PasD domain.The similarity comparison revealed that the gene nucleotide sequence shared 85%,85%,84% and 81% homology with those of the psaD genes from Zea mays (EU953246),Oryza sativa (AY224449),Hordeum vulgare (M98254) and Brachypodium distachy on (XM003564060),while the similarity at the amino acid sequences with those species was 92%,88%,87% and 85% respectively.The results of real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) showed expression of SopsaD could be detected in the leaves,flowers,buds,stalks and roots,among which the highest was found in leaves,followed by flowers,and the lowest in roots.Overall performance of SopsaD expression was high in the function leaves,but low at the old leaves during the periods of technical maturing and physiological maturing.0|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of different mulching cultivation on the activity changes of enzymes involved in Panicum miliaceum L.grain starch biosynthesis and the characteristics of starch accumulation in grains,to analyze the relationship between them,and to find the best mulching cultivation in arid area.Yu-mi 2 (Panicum miliaceum L.) as the material was used in the study which was cultivated under four types of mulching cultivation and one type without mulching (LD).The four types of mulching cultivation include straw mulching (JG),plastic film mulching with two grooves (SG),plastic film mulching with ridging (QL) and plastic film mulching the whole field (QM).The results indicated that the activities of adenosine diphosphorate glucose pyrophrylase (AGPP),soluble starch synthase (SSS),granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS),and Q enzyme changed in the pattern of a single-peak curve during grain filling stage,the activity peaks of AGPP and GBSS appear in 20 days after the anthesis,and the activity peaks of SSS and Q enzyme appear in 15 days after the anthesis.The activities of AGPP,SSS,GBSS and Q enzyme were all higher in mulching cultivation than that in LD (P<0.05),the starch content is higher than that in LD cultivation,and the QM cultivation was the best (amylopectin accumulation increased 16.62%,amylase accumulation increased 9.08% and the 1000-grain weight increased 6.16%).The accumulation rate of amylopectin was significantly or highly significantly correlated with the activities of AGPP,SSS and Q enzyme,the accumulation rate of amylose was significantly correlated with the activities of AGPP and GBSS,and the accumulation rate of total starch was significantly or highly significantly correlated with the activities of AGPP,SSS,GBSS and Q enzyme.5|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：This study was aimed to investigate the transcriptional regulation of RhNAC4,a SNAC transcription factor gene induced by dehydration in rose petals (Rosa hybrida L.‘Samantha’).The promoter sequence of RhNAC4 was isolated by genomic walking.The transcription activities of RhNAC4 promoter were investigated in ProRhNAC4::GUS transgenic Arabidopsis.The results indicated that:the 1 753 bp promoter sequence of RhNAC4 was isolated from rose.The promoter contained different regulatory cis-acting elements,including development-,hormone-and abiotic or biotic stress-related cis-elements.We generated ProRhNAC4::GUS transgenic Arabidopsis.and the histochemical GUS staining revealed that the RhNAC4 promoter had transcription activities at the development stages of seedlings or floral organs in transgenic Arabidopsis.The transcription activities of RhNAC4 promoter were induced under different treatments,including dehydration,GA3,ACC and mannitol.It was evident that the RhNAC4 promoter contained stress-related cis-elements and had transcription activities during the developmental stages and under dehydration,ethylene etc.These results could contribute to the understanding the role of RhNAC4 involved in the dehydration tolerance of rose petals.0|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：We observed and measured14 traits such as scape length,flower diameter,number,color and the colored sectors in each individual of 61 F2 hybrid population of I.dichotoma×I.domestica,scape length,flower cliameter,number of flowers,flower color and colored sectors et al.The aims were to explore the variation traits and direct the breeding work in Iris.Four aspects of phenotypic difference between F2 hybrids and two parents,morphological traits variability,the correlation between the traits and color variability were analyzed.The results showed that 8 traits from 12 in F2 generation were among the parents.Ten traits had better normal distribution but not the flower diameter and flower number.It might imply that the ten were quantitative traits controlled by polygenic.There was a correlation among the 12 traits.The correlation coefficients of outer tepal length and inner tepal length,outer tepal width and inner tepal were highest,0.821 and 0.734 respectively,which suggested a linkage inheritance.Two color traits were controlled by multiple genes.In F2 hybrids,the variation were rich in flower diameter,flower number,scapes length and flower color,which might be conducive to the chosen of excellent varieties with larger diameter,more flowers,dwarf scape and novel flower colors.Keywords：Iris dichotoma;I.domestica;interspecific hybridization;trait variation1|9|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：We studied the effect of temperature on lateral bud formation of less-branching Chrysanthemum morifolium‘fucashi’.The results showed that the percentage of lateral bud formation in the new nodes was negatively related to the environmental temperature.Anatomical observation showed that its axillary meristem could develop into lateral bud in cool spring but quickly turned into disordered parenchymatous cells in hot summer.Further research under the controlled condition indicated that‘fucashi’could generate lateral buds all the time under normal temperature condition (day 25 ℃/night 20 ℃).However,the lateral bud formation was almost completely suppressed from the 16th to the 25th day,and then formed again in axils of the new nodes when treated with high temperature (day 33 ℃/night 28 ℃).Anatomical observation of the axils without lateral buds during the period of high temperature treatment showed only disordered parenchymatous cells,which was the same as the anatomical result during hot summer.Under normal temperature condition,ZR content in the shoot tips of‘fucashi’had a slow increasing tendency,but the ratio of IAA/ZR remained almost unchanged.During the period of high temperature treatment,ZR content in the shoot tips of‘fucashi’decreased significantly and then went up slowly.The ratio of IAA/ZR went up sharply and then dropped significantly.In conclusion,our results indicated that temperature regulated the lateral bud formation in‘fucashi’by affecting the content of ZR and the ratio of IAA/ZR in its shoot tips.Keywords：cut chrysanthemum;lateral bud;temperature;anatomy;hormone0|9|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Germination,radicle phenotype indexes,electrical conductivity and antioxidant enzymes were used to study the change of seed vigor and antioxidant abilities stored in dark,room temperature and low humidity seed bank.The results showed that there were no significantly differences on the germination potential and germination percentage among seeds stored for 0,2.5 and 4.5 years.The electrical conductivity and antioxidant enzymes had no significant difference between seeds stored for 0 and 2.5 years (P>0.05),however,conductivity increased significantly and antioxidant enzyme activity descended significantly in seeds stored for 4.5 years (P<0.05).Radicle length,surface area and volume of seeds stored for 2.5 years were significantly more than that of fresh seeds and seeds stored for 4.5 years or have no difference at all (P>0.05).So,degradation of seed vigor and antioxidant capacity would be a slow process when the relative humidity of seed bank and the initial seed water content were appropriately adjusted at room temperature under which the free-water content of those seeds just below the threshold.Initially,radicle growth potential of the seeds reduced significantly and germination phenotypes were generally weak.In the meantime,seeds membrane lipid was also experienced of peroxidation.However,since losing of radicle growth potential was a long process,energy for germination and percentage of seeds would not reduce immediately at the early germination stage.Keywords：tobacco;seed storage;seed vigor;antioxidant enzymes0|9|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Light qualities of white (CK),red (RL),blue (BL) and LED (LL) were set up in this study in order to demonstrate effects of light qualities on the chloroplast pigment,light response and root development for tobacco seedlings in a three-dimensional float system.Results showed that BL significantly (P<0.05) improved the content of chlorophyll a of tobacco seedling leaves by 16.13%-28.57% and improved the content of chlorophyll b by 30.00%-36.84% compared with other light qualities;otherwise,BL significantly (P<0.05) increased the carotenoid content by 18.18% compared with RL.For the maximum net photosynthetic rate (Pmax) of tobacco leaf,the relationship of different light qualities displayed as BL >CK >LL >RL;moreover,the light saturation point (LSP) was maximum under the condition of BL compared with other light qualities.BL and RL significantly (P<0.05) increased the root length,root surface area,average root diameter and root volume of the tobacco seedlings,especially in BL.As for the tobacco seedlings in BL,at the stage of 4 leaves and 1 heart,the root length,root surface area,root average diameter and root volume were 98.11 cm,22.78 cm2,0.74 mm and 0.42 cm3 respectively.The preliminary analysis indicated that the blue light quality may be more suitable for flue-cured tobacco seedlings in the three-dimensional float system.Keywords：light quality;flue-cured tobacco;seedling;growth;photosynthesis1|9|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Tobacco bacterial wilt disease,caused by Ralstonia solanacearum,is one of the most important biotic stresses for tobacco production in Guizhou province,southwest China.It is necessary to develop a rapid and sensitive pathogen detection method for wilt disease management.Here we reported a new detection strategy based on Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for Ralstonia solanacearum diagnosis.Referring to the genome of Ralstonia solanacearum FQY4 (NCBI accession No.CP004013),which is the dominant strain in Guizhou province,aligned with the published sequences of other strains,the fliC gene which encoded the flagellar protein,was chosen as the detection target.We designed a set of 6 LAMP primers based on the sequence of the conserved region of fliC gene,and optimized the reaction condition as 60 min at 60 ℃.The amplification result,which reflected whether the pathogen existed or not,could be visual detected by colors identification,or could be presented as ladder-like bands pattern by the DNA product electrophoresis in agarose gel.Using this method,not only the Ralstonia solanacearum isolated colony but also the tobacco plant carrying pathogen could be identified rapidly and accurately.Keywords：tobacco bacterial wilt disease;Ralstonia solanacearum;fliC;gene;Loop-mediated isothermal amplification2|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：This paper is concerned on the plant pathogens associated with grapevine cane and trunk disease during the window time of winter pruning.The aims were to understand the seasonal change of pathogen population in the cankered tissues,and take the disease control measures.We isolated and identified fungi associated with the cankered tissue sampled from trunk and arm of pre-overwintering grapevines in Beijing and Yunnan.The isolates were identified by biological characteristic observation and ITS sequencing.Five fungi,45% Botryosphaeria,30% Fusarium,15% Colletotrichum,7.5% Trichoderma,2.5% Phoma, were from the materials of Beijing:seven from Yunnan materials,such as 32% Phoma,27% Cytospora,14% Phomopsis,14% Botryosphaeria,4.5% Cytospora,4.5% Fusarium,4.5% Alternaria.It was the the first timeto reveal the multi-pathogen existing character of cankered tissues from Beijing and Yunnan grapevines and main species of the fungi.Keywords：grapevine;canker;associated fungi;isolation and identification0|9|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Effects of different greenhouse planting modes on nematode communities were studied to explore whether soil nematode communities can be used as bioindicators to evaluate the effects of different planting modes on soil health.Three treatments were set as follows:organic planting mode (ORG),integrated planting mode (LOW) and conventional planting mode (CON).Various ecological indices of soil nematode were analyzed under different planting modes.The results showed that:the total number of nematodes differed remarkably with planting modes and decreased in the order of ORG >LOW >CON.Soil nematodes exhibited a surface-gathering pattern.Significant differences were observed between 0-10 and 10-20 cm soil layers in the total number of soil nematodes.Bacterivores were the dominant groups.The total genera of soil nematodes followed the order of ORG (39 genera)>LOW (30 genera)>CON (28 genera).There was no significant difference between planting modes of Shannon index (H') and Richness index (SR),but the total maturity index (∑MI),Enrichment index (EI),Structure index (SI) and Plant-parasitic nematode maturity index (PPI) were significantly different (P<0.05) among planting modes.PPI was higher in CON than other modes in 0-10 and 10-20 cm soil layers.No planting modes effect was observed on the vertical distribution of nematode communities.∑MI,PPI,EI and SI can be used as indicators to evaluate soil health,but the responses of H' and SR are not sensitive to planting modes.Soil conditions under the organic planting mode were enrichment with a more mature soil food web than in other planting modes.Keywords：soil nematode;planting modes;greenhouse;community structure1|11|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The pot culture of maize was conducted for 30 days in laboratory condition with adding vermicompost at four levels of 0,5%,10% and 20%.Soil microbial characteristics and enzyme activities were evaluated in the soil.The results showed that ddding vermicompost remarkably enhanced the contents of dissolved organic carbon,available nitrogen and phosphorus,microbial carbon and nitrogen (P<0.05),while the ratio of microbial carbon and nitrogen was decreased (P<0.05).Soil respiration rate and metabolic quotient were significantly improved in 5% vermicompost treatment.The enzyme activities were enhanced in 5%,10% and 20% vermicompost treatments as well.The contents of microbial carbon and nitrogen,activities of catalase and invertase,urease,acid and alkaline phosphatase increased remarkably with increasing vermicompost rates (P<0.05).There weresignificant positive relationships among dissolved carbon,available nitrogen and phosphorus (P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that the biological parameters were significant higher in high dose of vermicompost (10% and 20%) than those of low dose(control and 5%vermicompost).There was not remarkable difference in soil biological properties between the treatments adding 10% and 20% vermicompost.It is thus suggested that the amount of vermicompost should be controlled within 10% in practical use.It is evident that vermicompost is a good method for treating livestock wastes and provides with a harmless and high quality organic fertilizer.It is of great significances for the sustainable agriculture,environmental protection and ecological circulation.Keywords：vermicompost;upland soil;microbiological characteristics;enzyme activities1|9|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To investigate effects of Lactobacilli and bursin on the growth performance,serum biochemical parameters and immune responses of broilers,dietary supplementation with Lactobacilli and intramuscular bursin injection was used.A total of 156 1-day-old broilers were randomly assigned into 4 groups,including group Ⅰ of the control,group Ⅱ of bursin,group Ⅲ of Lactobacilli,and group Ⅳ of Lactobacilli and bursin.The experiment lasted for 42 days.The results were shown as follows:1)Lactobacilli and bursin significantly increased the average daily gain and decreased the feed concentration ratio at the age of 21 days (P<0.05).2)Lactobacilli and bursin significantly decreased the serum TG concentration at the age of 42 days (P<0.05).3)At the age of 42 days,Lactobacilli and bursin significantly promoted the peripheral T lymphocyte proliferation (P<0.05),and bursin significantly increased the serum total IgG concentration of broilers fed with Lactobacilli supplemented diet (P<0.05).Therefore,the combination of dietary supplementation with Lactobacilli and intramuscular bursin injection improved the growth performance to some extent and enhanced immune responses significantly.Keywords：chicken;Lactobacilli;bursin;growth performance;serum biochemical parameters;immune responses0|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In this study,the particle size,thermal stability,rheological properties,emulsifying properties and immunomodulatory effects of exopolysaccharide of a high-yield strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens LPL061 were studied and compared with those of xanthan gum.The results showed that the molecular size of EPS was 445.6 nm,the melting temperature is 265.18 ℃.LPL061 produced more stable emulsions with edible oils than xanthan gum.EPS also showed pseudoplastic non-Newtonian fluid behaviour in an aqueous solution,with thermal stability between 20 to 80 ℃.The EPS from LPL061 showed potential of immunomodulatory effects by promoted the lymphocyte proliferation of mouse.Keywords：Bacillus amyloliquefaciens;Exopolysaccharides(EPS);physicochemical properties;immunomodulatory0|13|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The strain F with hypocholesterolemic activity was screened by imitating the gut conditions and reducing the cholesterol level in vitro,and its ability of reducing body fat accumulation in mice was investigated.Strain F was identified as Lactobacillus plantarum and could reduce 55.03% of cholesterol in the medium.Male SD rats with an average weight of (130±2)g were administered with different concentrations of strain F at 2×106,2×108 or 2×1010 CFU/mL (groupⅠ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ) for 8 weeks respectively,and were fed with high-fat feed.Compared with the high-fat group,the adipose tissue mass (abdominal fat,perirenal fat pad and epididymal fat pad),body weight,growth indexes of liver,TG,TC,ALT and LDL-C in groupⅠand Ⅱsignificantly reduced (P<0.05 or P<0.01),meanwhile,HDL-C was improved in the three F groups,especially in group Ⅰ(P<0.01).In addition,the number of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium significantly increased in the three F groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01).L.plantarum F with cholesterol-reducing function could reduce fat accumulation and enrich gut microbiota.0|10|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Polytene chromosome preparation is a basic technique in the Drosophila cytogenetics research,and is also a popular genetics laboratory investigation.Most laboratory menus provide protocols for polytene chromosome squash preparation,but they do not describe how to identify chromosome arms,and then to resolve the specific band(s).Here we provided detailed protocols for the polytene chromosome squash preparation,photography and the assemble of digital chromosome photos;and we described,especially for the beginner,how to recognize the chromosome arms of Drosophila melanogaster by the telomeric ends,landmark puffs,constrictions and the banding patterns indicated by Lefevre's photographic map of each of the chromosome limbs.Keywords：Drosophila melanogaster;polytene chromosome;chromosome arms recognition0|9|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to effectively separate the active natural flavonoids kaempferol (KAE),a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) microsphere was prepared in acetonitrile using KAE,4-vinyl pyridine (4-VP) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA) as the template,functional monomer and cross-linker respectively.Afterwards,the synthesized MIP was analyzed by SEM,FTIR and TG.The parameters studied for kaempferol include adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm.The optimum synthesis conditions of the MIP microsphere were as follows:synthesis temperature was at 60 ℃,the ratio of functional monomer to solvent was 1：20,and the ratio of template to functional monomer was 1：8.The experimental results showed that the MIP exhibited a favorable affinity for kaempferol,and the saturated capacity could reach to 1.053 mg/g.The Scatchard analysis revealed that the specific adsorption of kaempferols existed in MIP.Keywords：kaempferol;4-vinyl pyridine;molecular imprinting polymer;microsphere;adsorption properties0|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：A high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) determination of Olaquindox and methyl-3-quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid in Penaeus vannamei muscle was established.Samples were extracted with 2 mol/L hydrochloric acid and clean-up was performed on a HLB solid-phase extraction cartridge.The residues were detected by HPLC-MS/MS.The identification was performed by selective reaction monitoring in positive electrospray ionization.The quantification was done by external standard method.Calibration curves were linear for OLA and MQCA in samples at 2-200 and 4-200 μg/kg respectively.At the fortified levels of 2-50 and 4-50 μg/kg,the recoveries ranged from 93.9% to 103.2%,coefficents of variation (CV) ranged from 6.3% to 11.5%.The limit of detection (LOD) of OLA and MQCA was 0.5 and 1.0 μg/kg respectively and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) was 2.0 and 4.0 μg/kg respectively.The results show that the method is sensitive,accurate,convenient and quick,which can be used to analyze simultaneously OLA and MQCA residues in penaeus vannamei muscle.Keywords：penaeus vannamei;olaquindox;methyl-3-quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid;residue;high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)0|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to evaluate the feasibility of preventing a certain range of crop pests with the technique of acoustic focusing, through the theory of acoustic array,Matlab simulation and testing experiment based on intelligent acoustic system,the different structure array and influence factors of y=a|x| array's directivity were studied in this paper.Comparative study showed that:1) y=a|x| array and parabolic array had obviously unilateral directivity comparing to the linear array;2) the increasing of the number of acoustic sources and spacing among them could improve directivity,but reduced the ability of suppressing sidelobe;3) the reasonable choice of parameter a could improve y=a|x| array's directivity;4) the simple structure of y=a|x| array determined the superiority of preventing crop pests.As a result,y=a|x| array was better than linear array and parabolic array.The results derived from this study would provide a theoretical and experiment basis for preventing a range of crop pests through y=a|x| array resonant acoustic focusing technology.Keywords：crop;pest;acoustic focusing;directivity0|9|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to study the flow characteristics and measuring accuracy of water-measuring pillar with round head in the U-shaped channel, the hydraulic characteristics was simulated based on Flow-3D software.The channel flow regime and the values of the water surface line that measured and simulated were compared for the study of the relationship between the water flow and the stagnation of the water depth,as well as the water head loss.The corresponding flow formula was derived.The results showed that the relative error between the measured and simulated values was <10%,and both of them had good consistency.The numerical results could provide basis for the structure optimization of the water-measuring pillar with round head.It was found the existence of good linear relationship between flow and stagnation of water depth,and the correlation coefficient could reach 0.98.The head loss increased with the decrease of the contraction ratio.The loss was smaller compared to the flumes,however,the head loss would get to increase if the flow length was too big.Based on the calculation of the fitting flow formula,the maximum relative error was 9.74%,and the average error was 2.66%,which could meet the accuracy requirements.Keywords：water channel;U-shaped channel;water-measuring pillar with round head;contraction ratios0|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Using the fold bifurcation theorem,a new chaotic exciter was designed based on existed chaotic exciters.The new chaotic exciter was made up of two eccentric cams.The kinematic pair between them was constructed with circular orbit instead of traditional gemel hinge,which relaxes the trigger condition of the period doubling bifurcation.In addition,the corresponding dynamic model of the chaotic exciter was built,and then the dynamic characteristic was analyzed with simulation.The simulation results showed that the chaotic exciter had stronger chaos characteristics and more parameter selections compared with the widespread application of three link chaotic exciter,which meant a better fitting to field condition.Keywords：chaotic exciter;dynamic characteristic;nonlinear;cam0|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to obtain the renewable hydrogen,this experiment chose the cotton straw for fermentation hydrogen production substrate and used activated sludge sewage from treatment plants as the hydrogen-producing bacteria source,which produced hydrogen gas relying on anaerobic fermentation.The experiment mainly researched the substrate concentration,the pretreatment of hydrochloric acid and the sodium hydroxide concentration,which had an effect on the hydrogen production performance of cotton stalks.The results showed when the substrate concentration was 10 g/L and the cotton straw had been soaked by 0.4 mol/L HCl at 90 ℃ for two hours and the hydrogen production performance of substrate fermentation was the best.The cumulative amount of hydrogen production was up to 76.78 mL/g.The average maximum hydrogen production rate was up to 4.79 mL/(g·h) and the percentage content of hydrogen was 63.38%.The hydrogen type of cotton straws was the ethanol type fermentation production hydrogen.Keywords：hydrogen;anaerobic fermentation;cotton straw;activated sludge0|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The influence of inoculum-substrate ratio (ISR) on the anaerobic digestion of food waste were studied.For this purpose,several batch reactor experiments were performed using food waste (FW) and de-oiling food waste (DOFW) as the substrate for ISRs in the range of 1：1-4：1,under the temperature of (37±1) ℃.The results showed that the highest biogas yield and methane yield were 951.2,546.1 for food waste,851.4 and 499.1 mL/g for de-oiling food waste respectively at ISR of 3：1.The lowest biogas yield and methane yield were 831.5 and 524.1 mL/g for food waste and 730.3 and 425.8 mL/g for de-oiling food waste respectively at ISR of 1：1.In the startup phase,due to the low pH,the daily biogas and methane concentration of FW and DOFW at ISR of 1：1 were lower than the other ISRs.Cumulative biogas production of FW increased 12.6% than that of DOFW.With ISR increased,the lag phases of FW and DOFW were getting shorter.The lag phases of FW were longer than that of DOFW in the range of 2：1-4：1.The result indicated that increasing ISR is beneficial to shorten digestion time and improve the efficiency of the reactor.As the oil content of food waste increasing,the lag phases of anaerobic were becoming longer.Keywords：anaerobic digestion;biogas;food waste;inoculum-substrate ratio;oil;kinetics15|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Reasonable production layout of live pigs is of great significance,which benefits resource allocation and spatial structure optimization.Based on the relevant statistics in Shandong Statistical Yearbook (1983—2012),this paper elaborated the changes of space layout,and then theoretically and empirically investigateed the influencing factors of the changes in Shandong province.Research shows that the pig production distribution of Shandong province has experienced "√" type layout,"⌒" type layout and "·—S" type layout since 1982.The original pig production layout index,potential consumer market,supporting policies and comparative advantage of animal husbandry have positive effects on pig production layout index,while non-agricultural employment opportunities have negative impacts.Keywords：pig;production layout;influencing factors;panel data mode;Shandong Province0|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：This paper takes comparative analysis on livelihood assets of households that participated and non-participated in irrigation management reform based on investigation data of irrigation districts of Inner Mongolia.The study indicate that there are significant differences for households that participated comparing with households that did not participated the reform in five livelihood capitals,such as physical capital,human capital,social capital,financial capital and natural capital.The situation of participation households is better than non-participation ones in first three capitals.Financial capital of non-participation is better than participation,and natural capital is almost the same.Overall,livelihood assets of participation are better than non-participation,but households' livelihoods in irrigation district still need more helps.Keywords：irrigation management;farmer’s livelihood;livelihood capital;reform1|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Abstract This paper,using space Gini coefficient and location quotient,analyzed the trend of the degree of China's agricultural concentration,and empirically analyzed the relationship between agriculture concentration degree and agricultural economic growth.The results showed:China's agricultural space Gini coefficient and location entropy appeared wavy upward trend from 1985 to 2011,and explained that China's overall agricultural agglomeration showing wavy increased trend.Results also indicated that specialization degree of the market-oriented major crops is improving,but the spatial layout of the various crops exist self-evident differences.It was found that there was a strong positive correlation between the performance of key crops spatial concentration degree and agricultural economic growth.Based on the calculation,we suggested that the improvement of agricultural cluster brings regional agricultural economic growth,agriculture industry cluster create huge competitive advantage for agricultural and rural economic development.Keywords：crop;degree of agricultural concentration;space Gini coefficient;location quotient0|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The greenway network is an important method for planning green space system.The greenway network concept is introduced to agriculture sightseeing study,through investigating Beijing suburb agriculture sightseeing resources,and with the statistics on the number and distribution of agricultural sightseeing garden.Agriculture sightseeing resources type division was determined based on the resource distribution of the types of agricultural sightseeing garden.The sightseeing space characteristics in Beijing suburb agriculture were analyzed with spatial distribution curve plotting and traffic topology model.It was also established for agricultural ring and wedge agriculture sightseeing the greenway networks,in order to guide agricultural tourism planning and implementation,promoting urban and rural development as a whole.Keywords：agriculture tourism;greenways network;resources;space distribution curve;topology0|9|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Along with the rapid development of urbanization and the increasing income of citizens,leisure agriculture has become a multi-functional new industry that is composed of production,ecology and society.Leisure agriculture has great significance in adjusting and optimizing rural industry,extending industrial chain,stimulating secondary and tertiary industry,promoting coordinates development between city and rural.It thus plays an important role in the development of county agriculture and rural economy.This paper uses NingWu county leisure agriculture as one case.The concerned issues included some detail methods and idea of leisure agricultural plan in county agriculture development,including resources classification of leisure agriculture,development condition analysis of leisure agriculture,plan specific contents and so on for providing some methods oridea of county leisure agricultural plan for readers.Keywords：leisure agriculture;leisure agricultural plan;agro-linked tourism resources;Ningwu county2|10|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Based on perspective of WoS papers,to evaluate the scientific research situation,levels,and performance of six agriculture-related universities objectively,and provide references for scientific research management and discipline construction.In this study,the papers published by authors of China Agricultural University,Texas A&M University,Iowa State University,Wageningen University,Hohenheim University,and Zhejiang University were retrieved from SCI and SSCI databases of Web of Science.These papers were subjected to objective comparison and evaluation of research performance among domestic and foreign universities using the indicators of the total quantity and growth of papers,citations per document,Percentile Rank Scores (PRS),and some important factors such as productive authors and high quality papers.A comparison of different disciplines was also investigated.The results shown:SCI or SSCI papers of foreign universities published earlier than domestic universities,and are increasing steadily.Although SCI or SSCI papers of domestic universities published later than foreign universities,but the number are growing fastly,and China Agricultural University is the fastest growing one.Paper impact of domestic universities is lower than foreign universities,also lower than the average impact level of six universities.The number and proportion of productive authors of Zhejiang University ranks first.Texas A&M University ranks first in numbers of high quality papers published in Science、Nature and Cell,and has the most disciplines got into the ESI Top 1% and Top 1‰ with the number of 20 and 9 respectively.Based on the above results,to suggest domestic Universities pay more attention to further enhance the papers' quality more than number growth of research papers.0|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
