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- Abstract：A haploid inducer CAUYFP was used to induce hybrid Zhengdan958 and generate immature haploid embryos.Immature haploid embryos were treated with APM to evaluate in vitro chromosome doubling efficiency.The results showed that haploid identification accuracy through the difference of fluorescence intensity was higher than 93%.The efficiency of regeneration through callus and non-callus direct germination pathway were 11.6% and 96.8%respectively, which proved that direct germination was simpler and more efficient.The pollen-shedding rate were 9.5%, 18.5%, 37.0% under the treatment with different APM concentrations of 0.2, 0.5, 1.0 μ mol/L.Significant differences were discovered among APM treatments, while no pollen-shedding plants were found in the control, indicating that doubling agent APM can significantly increase the chromosome doubling efficiency of immature haploid embryos.Keywords：maize;immature haploid embryo;chromosome doubling;pollen-shedding rate;amiprophos-methyl0|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The relationship among anther extrusion, anther size and pollen fertility in a maize haploid population was investigated to predict pollen sterility by anther traits.A maize haploid population derived from two elite inbred lines FAPW and BN490A was used to observe the relationship among anther extrusion, anther size and pollen sterility using t test, correlation analysis, and etc.The male doubling rate in maize haploid was rather low (28.2%).The pollen from most haploid plants with extruded anther (81.3%) and a small number of haploid plants with unextruded anther (15.6%) is fertile.The anther of haploid plants with fertile pollen is bigger than that with sterile pollen, but the pollen fertility did not simultaneously rise with the increase of anther size in haploid plants with fertile pollen.Male fertility in maize haploid can be estimated by the expose of anther or the anther size in the process of spontaneous haploid doubling.Keywords：maize;haploid;anther size;pollen fertility0|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Rice blast is the most important disease of rice in Heilongjiang Province, which affects the steady development of rice industry.Dynamic of rice blast pathogen (Magnaporthe grisea), resistance genes, avirulence genes, development of resistant varieties were reviewed in this paper.Future development direction in studies on rice blast and resistance breeding in Heilongjiang Province were also discussed in this paper to provide reference for further research of rice blast in Heilongjiang Province and breeding for disease resistance.Keywords：Heilongjiang Province;rice blast;research status;disease resistance breeding5|9|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Our research aims to explore the relationship between auxin binding protein 1(ABP1) and iron-deficiency stress response.Firstly, we tested the transcriptional and translocational of abp1 of the apple stocks (iron-efficient/iron-sensitive apple stock) under the iron-deficiency and iron-sufficiency conditions.The results showed that the expression level of transcriptional and translocational abp1 in iron-efficient apple stock was higher than in the iron-sensitive one.We tested variations of the iron relative physiological indexes and expression of the iron absorption and transportation related genes (FIT, FRO2 and IRT1) in Columbia, abp1 mutant and mutant recovery Arabidopsis plants.abp1 mutant (abp1-5) displayed higher Fe(III) reductase activity, increased root hair numbers, and obviously higher gene expression level of FIT, FRO2 and IRT1.In conclusion, ABP1 responds to the iron-deficiency stress by affecting the transportation of auxin.Keywords：apple;stock;Arabidopsis;iron-deficiency;ABP12|9|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Biomass accumulation and expression of genes involved in starch accumulation in 11 different cassava varieties (lines) including SC205, SC5, SC8, Arg7, Rayong9, KU50, 9I, R3, 17Q, FB-1 and FB-4 were used to study the characteristics of biomass accumulation and the correlation between them by the means of field test and statistical analysis, quantitative real-time PCR and Pearson correlation coefficient analysis.The results showed that:the chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis ratio, dry matter content of storage root and expression level of tested genes at three developing stages exhibited significant difference among various varieties (lines);FB-1, SC5, SC8, KU50, SC205 and Rayong9 displayed higher bioaccumulation and storage root yields at tuberous root mature stage;The chlorophyll content reached its peak and displayed significantly positive correlation with net photosynthesis ratio at enlargement stage, but no significant correlation with yield and other physiological index.Correlation analysis indicated that the expression level of MeAGPS1 (formation stage) and MeGBSS1 (formation and enlargement stage) have significantly positive correlation with the dry matter content of storage root (enlargement stage), and the expression level of MeSBE2.2 has significantly positive correlation with the dry matter content of storage root in mature stage.Keywords：cassava;bioaccumulation index;starch synthesis related enzyme gene;real time PCR;correlation analysis4|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Based on the coding sequences of atp9 obtained in our previous study, three random and separate atp9 gDNA clones of the CMS (Cytoplasmic male sterility) line P3A, its maintainer P3B and F1 progeny were sequenced and their atp9 sequence alignment were analyzed in kenaf.The results showed that there existed a base differentiation located on 290 th of atp9 between male sterile cytoplasm and male fertile cytoplasm in kenaf.The cytoplasmic male sterility line and F1 progeny containing the male sterile cytoplasm have base T, however the maintainer line containing male fertile cytoplasm has base A.Some germplasm resources containing known cytoplasm were further analyzed combined with sterility analyses using sequencing and PCR amplification based on the molecular marker cSNP (T/A transformation) located on 290 th of atp9.The results showed that the varieties of UG93-2MS-1, UG93-2MS-2, UG93-2MS-3, UG93-2-22, KN250, KN142, ZB90 have base T and could be amplified 319 bp fragment, and the fertility are sterility or semi-sterility except the variety of UG93-2-22, the variety of Fuhong 992 containing male fertile cytoplasm has base A and had no amplified products.These results suggested that the cSNP (T/A transformation) located on 290 th of atp9 was associated with male sterile cytoplasm or linked to male sterile cytoplasm.It can be developed into new molecular marker to identify sterile cytoplasm.1|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：For parent selection and early identification of hybrids in cross breeding of Gladiolus hybridus, classification and genetic relationship of 21 G.hybridus cultivars were studied by phenotypic characters.SRAP fingerprints of these cultivars were also established.The results showed that:These cultivars displayed a certain degree of genetic variation, ranged between 6.78% and 147.29%, in morphology.Sixteen primer pairs were selected from 100 primers pairs after SRAP-PCR reaction optimization.Twenty-one cultivars were assayed by SRAP method, and a total of 411 polymorphic DNA fragments were detected among 468 amplified fragments, with an average of 25.7 fragments for each primer pairs.Cluster analysis based on SRAP markers showed that the Jaccardp's similarity coefficients of these 21 G.hybridus cultivars were ranged from 0.46 to 0.75.There was no significant correlation between the classification and phenotypic characters suggesting that cultivars of G.hybridus have complex genetic basis.Keywords：Gladiolus hybridus;phenotypic characters;SRAP marker2|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to explore the effects of exogenous beneficial microorganisms inoculation on chrysanthemum growth and soil conditions under continuous cropping.We inoculated chrysanthemum ‘Yuka’ with Super ER·MI microorganism, and investigated the changes of the growth and nutrient absorption of plant and the soil nutrient.The results showed that inoculation with Super ER·MI microbial agent could promote the growth of chrysanthemum ‘Yuka’, but has no significant effect on plant height, stem diameter and number of leaves.Super ER·MI microbial agent enhance the absorption of nutrients chrysanthemum ‘Yuka’ effectively, improve the ornamental quality of cut chrysanthemum, make inflorescence diameter increases, and increase the proportion of superior grade flowers.Super ER·MI microorganism could reduce nitrogen accumulation in the shallow soil and improve soil environment by promoting ‘Yuka’ to absorb nitrogen in 0-20 cm soil layer.In addition, Super ER·MI microorganism could improve the nutrient content in 20-40 cm soil layer, but has no effect on nitrogen and phosphorus content except potassium in 40-60 cm soil layer.Inoculating the Super ER·MI microorganism without additional substrate is better method:, Aboveground fresh/dry weight of chrysanthemum and proportion of first-grade flowers increased significantly;the diameter of inflorescence enlarged;And the uptake of N, P, K were improved distinctively.Keywords：chrysanthemum;continuous cropping;microorganism;soil;nutrients1|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to verify HPCE method and study the effectiveness of measuring, RNase and Cytochrome C and study the effectiveness of their dynamic changes in flower of Amygdalus triloba f.multiplex, samples extracted with Disodium hydrogen phosphate solution by ultrasonic treatment were used as the test solutions after separation and purification.The effects of the concentration and pH of buffer, separation voltage, separation temperature and injection time on the separation efficiency were confirmed.The optimal conditions were:the running buffer, 30 mmol/L disodium hydrogen phosphate with pH 2.5;Injection time, 5 s with the pressure of 0.5 MPa;Separation voltage, 8 kV;Electrophoresis temperature, 25℃;Detection wave length, 254 nm.The samples could be completely separated in 20 min with a good linear relationship under the above conditions.The proposed method could be simultaneously applied for the determination of DNase, RNase and Cytochrome C in flowers of A.triloba f. multiplex with the advantages of high accuracy, fast separation and simple extraction.2|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Border irrigation experiments were conducted to study the effect of regulated deficit irrigation, which means 33% or 67% of full irrigation water at flowering and fruit-bearing period, on the plant growth, yield and quality of tomato in Hetao Irrigaton District.The results showed that:Water deficit at flowering stage increased soil electrical conductivity (EC) significantly, while the increase was not obvious at fruit-bearing period;The firmness of fruit was significantly increased, hence improved its storage performance;The taste quality indicators (total soluble solids, organic acids and sugar acid ratio) and nutritional quality index (vitamin C, soluble sugar and lycopene) were higher than those of CK, and greater with the increase of the deficit degree.However, only SS and VC under severe deficit reached significant difference;Under mild deficit condition, merit at fruit-bearing period is more obvious than that at flowering period, and the yield and water productivity increased by 10.25% and 7.28% than full irrigation, respectively.In conclusion, in order to achieve the highest yield and water productivity and improve the appearance quality, storage quality, taste quality and nutrition quality of fruit, mild deficit at flowering stage was most reasonable for tomato under border irrigation in Hetao Irrigaton District.Keywords：regulated deficit irrigation;border irrigation;processing tomato;effective yield;quality0|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Alternanthera philoxeroides is an amphibious invasive weed.Its natural enemy Agasicles hygrophila has been used as a bio-control agent for the management of A.philoxeroides.However, the bio-control strategy was ineffecive.In order to investigate the reasons, five different PEG-6000 mass fraction gradients (5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%) were adapt to simulate to water stress conditions on A.philoxeroides, and the stressed plant grasses were used to feed A.hygrophila.Development duration, weight, motality, pupation rate and eclosion rate of flea beetle were recorded.The results showed that with the intensifying of water stress degree, 1-3 instar larvae stages of A.hygrophila were respectively extended;Under the stress mass fraction of 25%, development duration reached maximum;Adult longevity in experimental group became shorter with the water stress degree intensifying;Comparing with the control group, adult longevity is shortened by 5.59 d in the stress mass fraction of 25%;The weights of flea beetle of the different stage were decreased, and the weights of the second instars and adults in 25% significantly fall by 3.19 mg and 2.34 mg, respectively;Larval mortalities of 1-3 instar larvae all were maximum in 25% and in this mass fraction each larval mortality was increased by 10.0, 6.0 and 4.7 times, respectively;Pupation rate and eclosion rate are increased respectively with the stress mass fraction increased;Pupation rate and eclosion rate was reduced by 33.0% and 37.5% respectively compared with the control group in 25%.In conclusion, A.philoxeroides under water stress effects the growth and development of A.hygrophila.Keywords：water stress;Alternanthera philoxeroides;Agasicles Hygrophila;development;biological control0|9|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Purpose of this study was to investigate the antibacterial effect of combination of nisin and EDTA on 5 different serotypes of pathogenic Escherichia coli (O1、O2、O8、O78、O86) in vitro.The diameter of inhibition zone was determined by Oxford cup method.Micro dilution method and plate method were adopted to determine minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC).EDTA and nisin alone essentially had no inhibitory effects.Nisin was divided into 12 concentration groups, each of which was mixed with EDTA 0.1 mg/ml and used to carry out synergetic action test.The diameter of inhibition zone increased with the increase of nisin concentration.O8、O78 and O86 serotypes of E.coli 0.063 mg/mL of MIC, O1 type MIC was 0.016 mg/mL, and O2 0.031 mg/mL of MIC.O2、O8、O86 serotypes E.coli MBC were 0.125 mg/mL, O1 type MBC was 0.063 mg/mL, and O78 MBC was 0.025 mg/mL. EDTA or nisin solution alone had no inhibitory effect on 5 different serotypes of pathogenic E.coli and their combination had obvious bacteriostatic effect.The 5 different serotypes of pathogenic E.coli with 0.016-0.063 mg/mL of MIC and 0.063-0.250 mg/mL of MBC.0|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In this study, the effects of the Flammulina velutipes stembase(FVS) on the microflora, short chain fatty acid in caecum of Arbor Acres (AA) broiler chickens were evaluated.A total number of 270 one day-old broiler chickens were randomly divided into five dietary treatments with three replicates of each treatment.The control group was fed with basal diet (without the addition of antibiotics and FVS), antibiotic group was feed with the basal diet whit addition of 5 mg/kg flavomycin, three FVS groups were fed with the basal diet supplemented with different propotions of dried FVS at levels of 2%, 4% and 6%, respectively.On 21 and 42 d, three chickens of each replicates were slaughtered to take the caecum contents out under integral asepsis condition, and total genomic DNA of bacteria was extracted.The changes of intestinal flora were assayed by PCR-DGGE and cloning and sequencing of the bands.And the diversity and similarity of each test group were analyzed by cluster analysis.The content of acetic acid, propionate and butyrate in the appendix was detected by gas chromatography.The results showed that:The PCR-DGGE band numbers in three FVS treatment groups were all higher than in the control group, and especially, in 6% addition group the number of bands was significantly increased (P < 0.05).The similarity coefficient of 2%, 4% and 6% FVS supplementation groups was high both on both 21 and 42 d.[Ruminococcus]torques, Acetanaerobacterium elongatum, Gemmiger formicilis, [Clostridium] thermosuccinogenes, and Bacteroides sp. were commonly detected and Oscillibacter ruminantium, [Clostridium] leptum, Stomatobaculum longum, [Clostridium] polysaccharolyticum, Ethanoligenens harbinense strain YUAN-3, Roseburia hominis, [Clostridium] cellulolyticum strain, [Clostridium] lactatifermentans were specific.The acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid contents in caecum were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in 6% FVS supplementation group on the 21, 42 day compared to control group.These results suggested that supplementation of FVS can significantly improve the diversity of the microflora, and increase the amount of short chain fatty acids, as well as improve the structure of intestinal microflora and promote the healthy growth of broiler chickens.And the best addition amount in the diet was 6%.Keywords：broiler chicken;Flammulina velutipes;caecum microflora;short chain fatty acid4|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to comprehend the influence of extreme climate events on agriculture, the per unit area grain yield and its influential elements in all provincial cities in Anhui province from 2000 to 2013 were analyzed;And the meteorological disaster loss of grain yield in Anhui Province was been calculated by using Lagrange interpolation method;Eventually, the risk of meteorological disasters of grain yield in all provincial cities in Anhui Province was assessed based on the methods of information diffusion theory.The results indicated that:1) The main reason that caused the loss of grain yield is meteorological disasters, and the losses of the meteorological disasters were serious in the year of 2003, 2007, 2012, and 2013, and total annual loss was over 4 million tons;2) The risk of meteorological disaster in Anhui province was mainly at low and small levels.The low risk areas were mostly distributed in the mid-south of Anhui Province, while the small risk areas were located all over the mid-north.Keywords：grain crops;influential elements;meteorological grain loss;risk assessment;Anhui Province7|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to achieve millet precision seeding, a precision air-suction seed hill-drop plate, which adapt small particle size of crops such as millet to the sowing, is designed.The seed plates are distributed by the suction hole groups to adsorb more seeds.The test of millet sowing performance on the test bed for computer vision is conducted by utilizing the seed plates.The eligible index, multiple indexes and miss index are employed as judging indexes, respectively.Single factor experiments were carried out with four factors:The number of holes on the seed plate, seed plate aperture, rotational speed of seed plate and air-suction power of vacuum chamber.And optimal range of individual factor is obtained.The optimum combination of all factors is obtained by orthogonal test:The number of holes on the seed plate is 4;The seed plate aperture is 0.8 mm;The rotational speed of seed plate is 11.0 r/min;The vacuum degree is -1.2 kPa;The effect of millet precision seeding is better;The eligible index reached 94%;The multiple index is no more than 4%;The miss index is less than 2%.The requirements of millet precision seeding are met.Keywords：seed plate;seeding performance test;testing bench;precision seeding;orthogonal test0|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Portable short-throat flume, which measuring the discharges of water inlet in the field, is a new flow-measuring device.Based on the principle of critical flow and RNG k-ε three-dimensional turbulence model, simulations of 16 working conditions by FLOW-3D software were carried out on the portable short-throat flume with 76 mm width to study hydraulic performance.The time-averaged flow field, flow regime, velocity distribution and Froude numbers were obtained and compared with measure values.The results showed that:Simulated values were consistent with the measured values within ±10% errors and the measuring range of the flume was up to 40 L/s;Compared to long-throat flume, the head loss of portable short-throat flume in the field was less;Furthermore, equations of upstream depth with discharge under different working conditions were fitted by regression analyses, and the relative error was less than 9.95%.In conclusion, the portable short-throat flume in the field meets the demand for precise measurement of discharges of water inlet in the field.Keywords：portable short-throat flume in the field;numerical simulation;flow field;velocity;Froude number;head loss;equations of upstream depth with discharge1|10|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To make full use of solar energy resource to improve the greenhouse's temperature at night in winter, a solar-phase change heat storage system is proposed.The system uses solar panel to absorb solar radiation during the day and convert it into heat energy and then stored into phase change material.At night, the heat stored in the phase change material is transferred to the greenhouse use air for greenhouse heating.The results show that:In sunny days, the greenhouse's average temperature at night (18:00-8:00) is increased by 2.0℃ and the minimum temperature at night increased by 3.1℃;Under different weather conditions, the greenhouse's average minimum temperature is increased by 2.5℃ at night, the underground soil's temperature at 20 cm depth in the average is increased by 1.5℃;Through calculation, in sunny days, the system's average radiation collecting efficiency reached 59.2%, the heat release quantity at night is 4.05 MJ/m2 and the average warming heat flux density is 83.4 W/m2.The research has proved that the system's energy conservation effect and heating effect for greenhouse is obvious.Keywords：solar energy;phase change material;heat storage;greenhouse2|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：During quarantine treatment, the methyl bromide (MB) mass concentration measurement based on thermal conductivity sensor TCS208F only is easily affected by temperature, relative humidity (RH) and CO2 inside sealed chamber.A MB mass concentration measuring system was developed.The system includes thermal conductivity sensor TCS208F, digital temperature & humidity sensor and CO2 sensor.The effects of temperature, RH, CO2 and MB on TCS208F module output voltage were studied based on multiple linear regression analysis.A mathematical model was proposed to estimate the MB mass concentration based on the measurement results of TCS208F module output voltage, temperature, RH and CO2 volume fraction.When the system was used for measuring MB mass concentration, the estimate results based on embedded mathematical model show that deviations between estimations and measurements from Agilent GC6890N were no more than 1.1 g/m3.The measuring system can deliver usefulness during MB mass concentration measuring process in fumigation treatment at the entry-exit port.Keywords：fumigation treatment;methyl bromide;multiple linear regression analysis0|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Taking several rural settlements as study area, the land use structure including housing land, planting land and breeding land, was calculated by means of field survey, farmer interview, Rs and Gis techniques.The result indicates that:There is significant proportion of planting land and breeding land.The agricultural production function of these lands becomes part of the important income of each household inside rural residential area.However, land use survey usually takes whole rural residential area as construction land including those planting and breeding land.Hence, the potential of rural residential consolidation would not be much, if those planting land and breeding land are excluded from the rural residential area.Keywords：rural settlement area;land use structure;function;consolidation potential1|9|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Cointegration analysis, granger causality test, VAR model, impulse response function and ridge regression are adopted to study the impact of factor price changes on agriculture energy efficiency.The results show that:There is a long-term equilibrium relationship between energy factor, capital factor and the price of factor labor and agricultural energy efficiency;Three factor prices are Granger-cause of the agricultural energy efficiency, while the reverse Granger causality does not exist;Energy and labor prices have a positive impact on energy efficiency, which improve energy efficiency by 0.341% and 0.364% when raised by 1%, respectively.On the contrary, capital prices have a negative impact on energy efficiency, which improve energy efficiency by 0.084% when decreased by 1%.In order to improve agricultural energy efficiency by the price means we should further promote market-oriented reform of factor prices to form an effective price restraint mechanism and accelerate the upgrading of industrial structure of agriculture.Keywords：factor price;agricultural energy efficiency;long-term equilibrium relationship;Grainger-cause;ridge regression;price restraint mechanism2|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To explore the effect of rural labor transfer on environment in China, which have been paid less attention compared with that on economics.Based on the panel data of 31 provinces of China over the year of 2004-2013, the relationship between rural labor transfer and non-point source pollution from agricultural fertilizer application was analyzed by using the STIRPAT model.The results show that:The rural labor transferring has positive impacts on the fertilizer input non-point source pollution, and along with the rural labor transferring, the intensity of fertilizer input non-point source pollution subsequently increases;Because of the increase rate of fertilizer input the non-point source pollution was higher than that of rural labor transfer itself, and the rural labor transferring would continue to amplify the increase of fertilizer input non-point source pollution.Based on this study, we suggested that more attention needs to be paid on the consequences of rural labor transfer in addition to application of non-point source pollution management technology.Keywords：rural labor transferring;excessive fertilizer use;agricultural non-point source pollution;STIRPAT model2|10|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
