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- Abstract：To explore the impact of continuous cropping on millet growth, development and yield and investigate the physiological mechanisms of continuous cropping, Jingu 29 was selected as test material with 4 rotations:kidney bean crop rotation(CK) and different continuous cropping years(2-4 years).Seven biological indexes (chlorophyll content, soluble protein content, SOD activity, POD activity, CAT activity, MDA content and ORF content) were measured.The results showed:After flowering, the contents of chlorophyll and soluble protein and the activity of CAT, SOD and POD showed downtrend, while the accumulation of MDA and OFR kept elevating;With the increase of the continuous cropping years, the contents of chlorophyll and soluble protein decreased significantly (P<0.05), the activity of CAT decreased, the activity of SOD and POD decreased significantly on prometaphase of anthesis, the accumulation of MDA and OFR increased, and the contents of continuous cropping are higher than rotation cropping.The correlation analysis showed that the grain yield had a positive correlation with the activity of SOD, and had a significant or very significant positive correlation with the activity of POD and CAT, the content of chlorophyll and soluble protein, while had a significant negative correlation with the accumulation of MDA and OFR.With the increased of millet continuous years, the functional period of leaf shortened, the degree of reactive oxygen damage aggravated, and the grain field decreased.Keywords：millet;continuous cropping;rotation cropping;reactive oxygen metabolism;grain yield;leaf senescence2|9|10<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：To explore the effect of Salicylic acid (SA) on the cotton germination under NaCl stress, Zhongmiansuo 41, Zhongmiansuo 49, Xinluzhong 36 and Xinluzhong 21 were used as experimental materials.The results showed that:1) The relative salt damage rate of 2.3 mg/mL NaCl to cotton seed is 50.54%-83.02% and the four materials reacted differently due to their difference in salt tolerance;2) Mitigation effect of salt stress on cotton seeds soaked in 0.2 mmol/L SA reached significant level;3) Gray correlation degree analysis discovered that the germination potential, germination rate, germination index could be adapted as index of SA alleviate effect to NaCl at cotton seed germination stage.And plant dry weight, root vigor can be used to evaluate SA alleviate effect at seedling growth stage.In summary, suitable concentration of SA can significantly improve cotton seed germination, mitigate salt stress on plants, and enhance root activity of cotton seedlings.Keywords：cotton;seed germination;root growth;salt stress4|9|4<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：Effective utilization of new genes from wild germplasm is important for broadening the genetic base of sugarcane breeding.Aboveground biomass and main characters of root in 11 clones of successive generations of intergeneric hybrid Erianthus arundinaceus×Saccharum spontaneum and their progeny were analyzed.The results showed that the plant height, stalk diameter, single stalk weight and leaf area in the intergeneric hybrids F1 and BC1 were all superior to their parents.Slight increases in weight and activity of root were also found in the hybrid lines.Aboveground biomass was increased distinctively, which displayed a significant correlation with the hybrid vigor of green leaf area.These results provide theoretical bases to improve sugarcane cultivars by utilizing superior genes in both S.spontaneum and E.arundinaceus in introgression breeding program.Keywords：sugarcane;germplasm innovation;Erianthus arundinaceus;Saccharum spontaneum;biomass;root0|7|5<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：To evaluate the effect of different fertilization on apple yield, fruit quality and storage duration of Fuji apple and provide theoretical basis for high-efficient production of apple and fresh-keeping technology of Fuji apple fruit.A 3 year field experiment of five different treatments with three replications, i.e., half inorganic N, P, K combined with half swine manure (MNPK), inorganic N, P and K (NPK), inorganic P and K (PK), inorganic N and K (NK) and inorganic N and P (NP) from 2010 to 2013 was conducted.The apple yield, fruit quality, storage enduranceat and soil organic matter content of each treatment was compared.The results indicated that apple yield decreased in the order:MNPK> NPK> NP≥ NK> PK.Under MNPK treatment, the apple yield was 41.14 t/hm2 and the average annual production was 238.7 thousand yuan/hm2.Compared with NPK treatment, the yied and average annual production of NMPK treatment were increased by 7.77% and 19.3% thousand yuan/hm2 respectivly.With the prolongation of storage period, the contents of titratable acidity and vitamin C of all treatments were declined gradually.And, the soluble solid content of all treatments ware increased gradually at the initial period of storage, keptstable at later storage.During storage period, fruit firmness of all treatments was declined gradually, which were 18.33%, 19.86%, 26.86%, 28.15% and 23.44% in MNPK NPK PK NK and NP treatments respectively.Meanwhile the ratio of rotten apples was 13.11% in NP and 12.29% in NK treatment.Soil organic matter increased by 13.6% and 9.2% respectively in MNPK and NPK treatments after 3 year field experiment in 0-20 cmsoil layer.Keywords：apple;yield;friut quality;storability;different fertilization2|9|6<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：Genetic analysis on flowering and fruiting related traits were conducted in×Pardancanda norrisii to increase the efficiency of selecting the plants with desirable traits and promote the breeding process.This study recorded single flower opening and closing mode and time, branching patterns and fruit growth process by taking pictures; flower numbers per plant were counted every day; seeds length, width and thousand-grain weight were also measured.The results showed that:variation of flowering and closing time, mode, flowering phase, thousand-grain weight and seeds shape were high, especially in F2 hybrids and BCIDos hybrids.It indicated that P.norrisii can provide abundant variation through continuous self-crossing and backcrossing with Iris domestica.0|8|3<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：In order to construct wheat stripe rust disease remote sensing estimation model under different nitrogen supply level, five estimation models at heading, flowering, filling and milk stages were built by regression analysis between disease index (DI) and vegetation index and the first order differential parameter.To estimate the impact of nitrogen to the disease inversion model, nitrogen factor was added into the model.Predicting efficiency of the disease inversion model showed that:The predicting efficiency of the heading stage models was improved when the nitrogen factor was added;Heading stage models 1-1 (R2=0.3928, P=0.0054), 1-2(R2=0.4498, P=0.0113) and 2-2(R2=0.5733, P=0.0017)displayed better and stable predicting result;Models of flowering, filling and milk stage showed poor prediction results.In conclusion, vegetation index and differential parameter can be used in estimating wheat stripe rust disease index at heading stage.Adding nitrogen factor can improve estimation efficiency.It is also proved that wheat stripe rust disease inversion is influenced by nitrogen supply level.4|9|1<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：The paper studied the root-knot nematodes (KRN) population dynamic changes and control effects after treated with single or multiple technologies of straw, lime nitrogen, X-20 bio-fertilizers and high-temperature sealing treatments.The result showed that comprehensive treatment of straw, lime nitrogen, X-20 bio-fertilizers and high-temperature sealing treatments obviously reduced the RKN second juvenile stage (J2) population.The multiple technologies had conspicuous control and yield-increasing effects.And the J2 population were reduced by 63.1%, inhibition effect reached to 83.3% control effect increased by 61.5% and biological yield increased by 98.1% than the control when 210 days after treated.Keywords：root-knot nematode;straw;lime nitrogen;X-20 bio-fertilizers;high-temperature sealing treatment4|9|7<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：Solubility data of azadirachtin-A in methanol, ethanol, acetone and ethyl acetate were determined by gravimetric method at 280.55-318.75 K.The results showed that the solubility of azadirachtin-A in four organic solvents increased with the increasing of temperature, and the solubility of azadirachtin-A in acetone and ethyl acetate were higher than those in methanol and ethanol, but their temperature sensitivities were lower than those in methanol and ethanol.The ethyl acetate which had highest solubility was suitable to be used as solvent in azadirachtin-A extraction.Empirical equation and ideal solution equation were used to correlate the experimental solubility data obtained, and the results indicated that the experimental data were all fitted with two equations due to high correlation coefficient and low deviation.The calculations showed that methanol and ethanol can be adopted as cooling crystallization capsaicin due to higher theoretical yield according to correlation equations.Keywords：azadirachtin-A;solubility;gravimetric method;model correlation;solid-liquid equilibrium0|7|2<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：Regional integrated risk governance for soil heavy metals should be based on the Human-Environment relationship, because of anthropogenic activities play a vital role in the soil heavy metals concentration.The sources and pathways of soil heavy metals in the land use system were systematically reviewed in this research.Integrated risk governance framework of regional soil heavy metals was proposed based on the social-ecological systems (SESs).This framework is composed of external drive subsystem, internal drive subsystem and land use system representation.Resource system, resource units, users and governance systems are the key components of regional soil heavy metals concentration evolution and their uncertainty analysis.A new regional soil heavy metals environmental governance technology system has been established based on the current domestic status, and four operational schemes were put forward:1) To identify the social-ecological patterns (i.e.contamination zoning) of heavy metals concentration;2) To develop a series standards of soil heavy metal upon multiple land use system (i.e.land use patterns);3) To establish a pollutant amount control technique based on the loading capacity of soil and inventory method for contaminants;4) To discover an early warning of heavy metals and risk governance system.The domestic research and progress of these schemes are also discussed throughout the presentation.Significant progress has been made in the integrated risk governance of soil heavy metals, but it still needs to be strengthened in the future.Keywords：land environmental quality;heavy metal;social-ecological systems;integrated risk governance2|9|4<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：Using scientific indicator that has high feed efficiency and good production capacity of pig is needed urgently to solve the problem of increase in feed costs.So in this study, we researched the revolution of feed utilization efficiency, and found that the trait of residual feed intake is the most ideal indicator measuring feed utilization efficiency.And we also discovered that there is a close relationship between growth characteristic and meat quality.There are several biological influence factors in feed utilization efficiency, such as ingestion, activity, digestion, and metabolism.In the research of genomics and molecular genetics analysis on feed efficient, we found that there are a few candidate genes involved in feed efficient and the conclusion have not been consistent.These survey results indicate that to improve residual feed intake could promote growth and the meat quality of pig and it has the close relationship with body's growth and metabolic capacity, but the molecular genetics mechanism is still unclear, could to be further emphasis research.Keywords：pig;feed utilization efficiency;residual feed intake;feed conversion ratio;genetic research0|8|3<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：The experiment was conducted to study the effects of different contents of Flammulina velutipes stembase (FVS) as dietary supplements on production performance and T and B lymphocyte immune function of broilers.A total of 270 one-day-old Arbor Acre (AA) broilers were randomly divided into five groups, with three replications per group.The experimental groups were control group (basic diet), antibiotic group (basic diet+5mg/kg flavomycin), low dose group (basic diet+2% content mushroom stembase), middle dose group (basic diet+4% content mushroom feet), and high dose group (basic diet+6% content mushroom stembase).The experimental period was 42 days.The detection indexes were production performances, immune organ indexes, peripheral T and B lymphocyte proliferation rates (MTT assay), serum cytokines IL-2, IL-4, IFN-γ assay (ELISA assay) and serum immunoglobulin IG-A, IG-G, IG-M potency assay (ELISA assay).The results showed that:Each dose of FVS could improve average daily gain, average daily feed intake, decrease feed conversion at early stage, as well as improve the survival rates of broilers;At the age of 21 d, 2% FVS group thymus indexes and 42 d old bursal indexes were significantly higher than control group (P<0.05), 4% FVS group thymus indexes were significantly higher than control group (P<0.05), 6% FVS group 42 d thymus index and spleen index were significantly higher than control group (P<0.05);T and B cell proliferation rates in all treatment groups were significantly higher than in control group (P<0.05).At the day of 22-27, 28-35, 36-42, each dose of FVS could significantly increase the contents of cytokine IL-2 (P<0.05).At 22-28 and 36-42 d, FVS could also improve IG-A titers significantly (P<0.05), and IG-G titers at 7-14 and 22-28 d (P<0.05).We concluded that diets of FVS could improve production performances, immune organ indexes and enhance T and B lymphocyte immune functions of broilers.Keywords：Flammulina velutipes;broiler;production performances;lymphocyte;immune3|7|1<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：In order to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of plasmid mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinants in quinolone-resistant E.coli from swine in Xinjiang Changji area, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect PMQR (qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD, qnrS, qepA, oqxA, oqxB, aac(6')-Ib-cr) determinants in 355 strains from swine quinolone-resistant (ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, enrofloxacin) E.coli.The positive strains were confirmed by using DNA sequencing to determine the objective band.The results showed that qnrS (62.5%, 222/355), aac(6')-Ib-cr (55.8%, 198/355) oqxA (26.2%, 93/355), oqxB (29.0%, 103/355), were main PMQR determinants in E.coli from swine in Xinjiang Changji area.qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD and qepA genes were not detected in any of the isolates.86.8% (308/355) quinolone-resistant E.coli from swine in Xinjiang Changji area harbored PMQR determinants, 42.9% (152/355) strains carried two PMQR determinants, 11.3.0% (40/355) strains carried three PMQR determinants, 6.5% (23/355) strains carried four kinds of PMQR determinants.Compared with the result of acquisition in sample survey on 2010, PMQR determinants carried by E.coli from swine, oqxA and oqxB, are replaced by qnrS, aac(6')-Ib-cr, oqxA and oqxB in this region.Hence, PMQR determinants monitoring should be strengthened in the future.1|7|2<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：To investigate virulence-related mechanism of MucR in Brucella melitensis, the chromatin immunoprecipitation technology was optimized.A MucRFlag protein expression strain was constructed, and its fusion proteins were enriched by commercial anti-Flag tag antibody with less timeconsuming and expense compared to preparing and using MucR antibody.In this study, we used optimized chromatin immunoprecipitation method to identify targets of MucR protein.Promoter sequences of two genes (BMEI0430 and BMEI1364), which could bind to MucR protein in B.melitensis, were identified.These results demonstrated that the method cannot only be applied in identification the targets of transcription regulators in Brucella spp., but also provide potential strategy for the study targets genes in other bacterial transcriptional regulatory networks.Keywords：Brucella melitensis;chromatin immunoprecipitation;transcriptional regulators;target genes1|7|3<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：The protease producing ability of 6 different strains of Lactobacillus was determined to screening the strains with higher enzyme activity.Skim milk were digested at 37℃ by Lactobacillus crude enzyme, the antigenicity and allergenicity of four milk proteins, α-lactalbumin (α-LA), β-lactoglobulin (β-LG), α-casein (α-CN) and β-casein (β-CN), in hydrolysates were measured by indirect competitive ELISA method.The results indicated that, enzyme produced from Lactobacillus parpcasei H9 and Lactobacillus plantarum P8 had higher protease activity.During the enzymatic hydrolysis process of skim milk using the enzyme produced from the two strains, hydrolysis degree increased gradually.The antigenicity and allergenicity of milk proteins reduced gradually during the enzymatic hydrolysis while the antigenicity of α-LA and β-LG rose slightly at the end of hydrolysis.Enzyme liquid from different strains had different influence on the antigenicity and allergenicity of milk proteins.Keywords：Lactobacillus;enzyme-producing ability;milk proteins;antigenicity;allergenicity1|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：None of asparagus harvester is commercially available due to lower yield and poorer product quality comparing with manual harvesting.In this paper, current techniques are divided into two groups:mass harvester and selective harvester.The current status of different harvesting system is described in the context of individual application.Three main issues contributing to low efficiency are spear detecting accuracy, spear damage during harvesting and spear collection effectiveness.To seek potential techniques to improve harvest efficiency, morphology analysis is provided based on obtained samples.Emphases of future solutions are placed on 3D recognition and positioning technology and robotic technologies that have been proven effective or have shown great potential.Integrated horticultural architecture with robotic system has the potential to benefit the asparagus production industry.Keywords：asparagus;mechanical harvester;selective harvesting;3D recognition;mobile robotic system3|11|2<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：To optimize of facility crop combinations under risk status, this study breaks the target-MOTAD (The minimization of total absolute deviation model)limitation of the probability under the equivalent constant risk status.By using the survey data in Nanjing Liuhe facility farms, improved target-MOTAD model is adopted to analyze facility agriculture of two types facility farms (i.e."high facility, high risk, high yield" type and "low facility, low risk, low return" type).Yields under different operating conditions as well as conditions for the optimal combination of risk planting strategy were investigated.Results show that:Improved target-MOTAD model to study uncertain situations facility crop planting plan under pseudo-random number simulated risk status is accuracy and effective.In addition, typical facility farmers' planting structure needs to be adjusted.Considering the law of risk status and other factors of production inputs, the improved target-MOTAD model is more close to reality cultivation, and it provides reference for decision-making on facility crop plans for under uncertain situation.Keywords：planting plan;combinatorial optimization;facility crops;target-MOTAD;risk2|12|1<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：To gain a better understanding of the distribution of houses at the foot of Yanshan pass, and construct more reasonable new rural residential planning, the influence of geological factors including altitude, slope, exposure and river towards spacial distribution and suitability of the human settlement were conducted by using ArcGIS spacial analysis technology.Multi-index test and Analgtic Hierarchy Process were combined with landscape metrics of landscape ecology.The result show:West small watershed residential elevation is between 30 m to 65 m, slope is between 0 to 6 degree and its exposure is flat or due south direction.Most of the residents are localized 300-500 m from river, whose distribution index also in dominant range;the total discrete degree of residential patches is large, and the local dispersion is small.The study demonstrates that Hexi small watershed residents generally show a large diaspora and small settlements in the distribution pattern.residents should be settled in a certain distance from the river on both sides at low altitude, plain area with low slope.Keywords：ArcGIS;human settlement environment suitability;spatial distribution;residential area2|8|1<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：A binary logistic model was introduced to analysis farmers' willingness to adopt high effective pesticide spraying technique.This study revealed that:1) High efficient pesticide spraying technique was recognized by the majority of farmers, 62.3% of them expressed their willingness to adopt it.The rest hold set on fence or negative attitude.High cost and difficult to reach were the main obstacles to farmer's adoption willingness;2) The attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control had positive influence on farmers' adoption intention.In the perspective of influence degree, subjective norm had the greatest influence, followed by attitude and perceived behavioral control.Specifically, neighbor's behavior, agricultural technology promotion department, technical environmental benefits awareness and subsidy cognition had significant positive impacts on the adoption wishes of farmers, marginal effects of which were 0.226, 0.162, 0.065 and 0.060;3) There were obvious differences among different groups of farmers' adoption willingness to the technique of high effective pesticide spraying.The adoption willingness of elder farmers group was more vulnerable to be affected by both subjective norm and perceived behavioral control.Small-scale farmers group was affected by attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control.And the group that did not acknowledge subsidy was mainly affected by the attitude.Keywords：effective pesticide spraying technology;adoption willingness;influencing factors;heterogeneity2|8|14<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：The focus on supporting agricultural industrialization has gradually changed from leading agricultural enterprises to the agricultural cluster.In the view of developing agricultural industrialization in our country.This study uses relevant data of 2010-2012 collected from 76 agricultural industrialization demonstration base identification by Ministry of Agriculture, depends on DEA-Tobit Model to measure the efficiency of China's agricultural cluster and to analyze their impact factor.The results show that:Firstly, the efficiency of agricultural cluster shows an increasing trend.Secondly, total efficiency of eastern is greater than central and western regions, but the specific differences of scale efficiency of the agricultural cluster is not obvious;Thirdly, different types of agricultural cluster efficiency is very different, efficiency of Enterprise-driven agricultural cluster is significantly higher than other types;Fourthly, urbanization and R&D investment has significant impact on the efficiency of the agricultural cluster, total assets has not significant impact on the efficiency of the agricultural cluster.Based on the above findings, this paper puts forward some corresponding policy suggestions.Keywords：agricultural clusters;agricultural industrialization;agricultural demonstration base;DEA-Tobit model;efficiency measurement0|8|3<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
