Issue Ebookcover storyIssue CoverIssue Contents
List of IssuesDocument Types
- Abstract：In order to screen the core germplasms that can be used in salt tolerance breeding in Xinjiang rice region, a total of 24 new japonica rice varieties were taken as test materials in this study. Comprehensive evaluation analysis of salt tolerance was carried out under four salt concentration stress, including control(C0), mild salt stress(C1), moderate salt stress(C2), and severe salt stress(C3). The results showed that the tested materials can be divided into four types: middle sensitive salt type(Ⅰ), high salt tolerance type(Ⅱ), low sensitive salt type 1(Ⅲ)and low sensitive salt type 2(Ⅳ). Under severe salt stress(C3), the grain yield per plant, above-ground dry weight, the panicle length, grain number per spike and 1 000-grain weight of type Ⅱ were not significantly affected, but seed-setting rate decreased significantly, and the salt tolerance level of type Ⅱ was lower than that of type Ⅲ and type Ⅳ. The correlation analysis between yield components and salt tolerance showed that: Type Ⅰ materials could improve yield through the stable above-ground dry weight accumulation and type Ⅱ materials made a significant contribution to salt tolerance. However, the salt tolerance of type Ⅲ and Ⅳ were poor and it was difficult to achieve stable yield through the coordination of yield factors. In conclusion, type Ⅱ materials ‘Xinjing 3', ‘Xindao 57', ‘Xinnongjingyi 4' and ‘Xindao 11' were identified as the core germplasms for salt tolerance genetic improvement in Xinjiang rice region.19|16|1<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To clarify the effects of optimizing water management under the condition of drip irrigation with plastic film mulch on the photosynthetic characteristics of rice leaves and root endogenous hormones, one drought-resistant rice variety ‘T-43' and one drought-sensitive variety ‘Xindao 1' were used as material. Three irrigation treatments, 8 670 m3/hm2(W1), 10 200 m3/hm2(W2)and 12 000 m3/hm2(W3), were set up during rice growth period. The leaves growth, gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of leaves, endogenous hormones, WUEy and yield at heading stage and 20 d after heading of rice were measured. The results showed that: Compared with W3, the specific leaf weight(SLW), leaf area index(LAI), stomatal conductance(Gs), transpiration rate(Tr)and photosynthetic rate(Pn)of W1 all significantly decreased in both varieties(P<0. 05). The abscisic acid(ABA)in root significantly increased. Compared with W3, the contents of SLW and ABA in ‘T-43' significantly increased by 10% and 90% at heading stage under W2(P<0. 05), respectively, but there was no significant difference in high effective leaf area ratio, chlorophyll a content(Chl a), chlorophyll b content(Chl b), Pn, Tr, non-photochemical quenching(qN)at heading stages, and the ABA content at 20 d after heading and W3(P<0. 05). The yield and WUEy of ‘T-43' under W2 treatment were significantly higher than those of W1 treatment, but had no significant difference with those of W3 treatment. Compared with ‘Xindao 1', the Pn, maximal photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm)and yield of ‘T-43' were significantly increased, but the Tr and qN were significantly decreased(P<0. 05). The correlation analysis showed that yield was significantly negatively correlated with the ABA, Pn and Gs(P<0. 05), and was significantly positively correlated with the 0-40 cm soil layer zeatin nucleoside contents, Pn and Gs(P<0. 05). ABA was significantly negatively correlated with the Pn and Gs(P<0. 05). Therefore, under 10 200 m3/hm2 drip irrigation with plastic film mulch, the drought-resistant rice variety could increase the ABA content in roots, reduce stomatal opening and the transpiration water consumption, and mitigate the degradation of chlorophyll, which could maintain higher leaf photosynthetic area and stronger photosynthetic activity. It was an effective way to achieve the goal of water saving and high yield of rice production under drip irrigation in Xinjiang.Keywords：plastic mulching with drip irrigation;rice;photosynthetic characteristic;endogenous hormones;water use efficiency9|12|2<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The aims of this study were to explore the spatio-temporal characteristics and influencing factors of high temperature damage of single-cropping rice in Southwest China. Based on the day-by-day meteorological data obtained from 1981 to 2020, this study selected the accumulated hot damage temperature index(Ha)and calculated the station ratio, intensity and frequency of heat damage at different levels, and path analysis index of meteorological elements to Ha by linear regression and path analysis. The results showed that: 1)The accumulated hot damage temperature index of single-cropping on booting to flowering and filling stage showed an overall upward trend. Chongqing had the highest increase rate of 8. 3 and 1. 4 ℃·d per decade, followed by Sichuan with 6. 2 and 1. 4 ℃·d per decade; 2)The station ratio of high temperature heat damage increased as a whole and the rates were 3. 4% and 2. 7% per decade. The proportion of moderate and severe high temperature damage kept increasing; 3)The frequency of high temperature damage was generally high in the northeast and low in the southwest. The high Ha value areas at booting to flowering stage were in the northeast of the Sichuan Basin, most of Chongqing, northeast and south of Guizhou, and the Yuanjiang region of Yunnan. Wanzhou and Fengdu of Chongqing reached the highest values of 100. 0%; The high-value areas during the filling stage were in the southeast of Sichuan, most of Chongqing and Yuanjiang area of Yunnan. Xuyong of Sichuan reached the highest values of 72. 5%; 4)The maximal positive correlation factors for affecting Ha from booting to flowering stage and filling stage were the maximum temperature and the sunshine hours, respectively, and the negative correlation factor was the relative humidity.Keywords：accumulated hot damage temperature;single-cropping rice;high temperature heat damage;temporal and spatial characteristics;path analysis.12|13|9<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：1Abstract: Abstract Nitrogen is an important indicator reflecting the nitrogen nutrition status of crops, and its content is closely related to crop growth and development, photosynthesis capacity, and crop yield. With the increasing maturity of image processing technology, choosing canopy images to estimate the nitrogen content of crops has become an essential technical means. This study takes the canopy images of rice growing under the natural environment as the research object and proposes a new method based on feature extraction and ResNet50 to predict the nitrogen content of rice. LBPHSV+ResNet50 fusion algorithm uses Local Binary Pattern-HSV fusion feature set as input, leaf area concentration(LNC)as output, and ResNet50 as regression prediction algorithm to enhance the characterization of crop nitrogen nutrition. Multiple Linear Regression, Random Forest(RF), Support Vector Regression, Multilayer Perception, Convolutional Neural Network and Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)are adopted to establish the nitrogen content estimation model, respectively. The results show that: Compared with the machine learning model, the deep learning algorithm can significantly improve the prediction accuracy. The LBPHSV+ResNet50 model proposed in this study has the best prediction ability and generalization ability, and R2 and RMSE are 0. 97 and 0. 02, respectively. Compared with RF, LBP+LSTM, ResNet50 and LBP+ResNet50 fusion models, the R2 of LBPHSV+ResNet50 model increased by 16. 36%, 9. 72%, 16. 55%, and 1. 13%, and the RMSE decreased by 0. 35, 0. 46, 0. 05 and 0. 002, respectively. In conclusion, the LBPHSV+ResNet50 model provides satisfactory performance in predicting rice nitrogen content, and this model can meet the agricultural needs for non-destructive and accurate monitoring of nitrogen nutrition in rice.9|11|3<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Promoting the transformation of rice planting from rice-winter idle farming system to green manure-rice system is an effective way to strengthen the protection and improvement of regional cultivated land quality and guarantee national food security. Based on the survey data of 934 farmers in Anhui, Hunan and Guangxi, the PLS-SEM model and Bootstrap test method were used to analyze the effect and path of knowledge diffusion on farmers' intention to adopt green manure-rice system. Furthermore, the Ordered Logit model was used to reveal the influence of heterogeneous farmers' endowment on their participation in agricultural knowledge diffusion. The results showed that: 1)Knowledge diffusion had a significant positive direct effect on farmers' intention to adopt green manure-rice cropping system. 2)External risk perception and organizational trust, ecological service value perception and organizational trust had a chain mediating effect on the influence of knowledge diffusion on farmers' intention. 3)Knowledge diffusion had a significant indirect effect on farmers' intention through their perception of obstacles. 4)Participation in cooperatives, farming experience, education level, family income and health status had significant positive effects on farmers' participation in knowledge diffusion activities. Therefore, some counter measures such as carrying out systematic propaganda and training activities, enhancing the trust of farmers' organizations and improving the conditions of farmers' endowment, were put forward.Keywords：green manure-rice cropping system;adoption intention;knowledge diffusion;organizational trust;PLS-SEM model11|10|2<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to explore the influence of nitrogen application stage on foxtail millet yield, quality and nitrogen use efficiency, an experiment was consecutively carried out for two years in 2020 and 2021 in Xinxiang City, Henan Province. Five different millet cultivars with different genotypes(‘Jigu 20', ‘Zhonggu 5', ‘Jigu 31', ‘Yugu 18' and ‘Yugu 28')were used as tested materials. Four nitrogen fertilizer application stages(urea)were designed as follows: T0(no nitrogen fertilizer application), T1(nitrogen fertilizer application at sowing stage), T2(nitrogen fertilizer application at shooting stage)and T3(nitrogen fertilizer application at flowering stage). The yield, quality traits and nitrogen use efficiency of foxtail millet were measured. The results showed that: The yield of the five millet cultivars from high to low was T3>T2>T1>T0 under four different nitrogen fertilizer application stages. The peak viscosity, hot paste viscosity and pasting temperature from high to low was T0>T1>T2>T3 under four different treatments. Under nitrogen fertilizer application at shooting stage(T2), the fat, fiber and nitrogen use efficiency of millet were significantly higher than those of T0 and T1, while there were no significant difference compared with T3. Under nitrogen fertilizer application of shooting stage(T3), the protein, amylose, ash, carbohydrate and eating amino acid content were significantly higher than those of T0, T1 and T2. Among them, the performance of ‘Yugu 28' was the most outstanding. Correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficients between biomass, spike weight, thousand grain weight and nutrition and eating quality of nitrogen fertilizer application of shooting stage(T2)were significantly higher than nitrogen fertilizer application at flowering stage(T3)and sowing stage(T1). In summary, the coordination of yield and quality under nitrogen fertilizer application at shooting stage(T2)and flowering stage(T3). The nitrogen fertilizer application at shooting stage(T2)was the best nitrogen application timing for both taking account of quality, yield and nitrogen use efficiency.Keywords：foxtail millet;nitrogen fertilizer;yield;quality;nitrogen use efficiency10|12|5<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to establish an efficient drip irrigation planting method suitable for the cultivation of high-quality oat, an experiments of three levels of equal row spacing planting with row spacing 20 cm(TW), strip planting with row spacing 15 cm(FI), strip planting with row spacing 10 cm(TE)in main plot and super absorbent polymer with two levels of 22. 5(Y)and 0 kg/hm2(N)in the subplot were conducted. The oat grain quality and forage quality indexes were measured and analyzed. The results showed that, 1)Planting method, super absorbent polymer and their interactions all had very significant(P<0. 01)or significant(P<0. 05)effects on the crude protein content, crude fat content, β-glucan content, acid detergent fiber(ADF), neutral detergent fiber(NDF), digestibility dry matter(DDM), dry matter intakes(DMI)and relative feed value(RFV)of oat under drip irrigation. 2)Compared with TW, treatment FI with using super absorbent polymer(Y)significantly increased crude fat content, β-glucan content, DDM, DMI and RFV, and which increased by 4. 77%, 8. 00%, 16. 95%, 1. 93%, 1. 02% and 2. 97%, respectively. It also significantly decreased the ADF and NDF content, which decreased by 2. 04% and 5. 84%, respectively. The grain quality and straw quality indexes of oat treated with two kinds of super absorbent polymer in TE were significantly lower than those of TW. 3)Under the same planting method, only the application of super absorbent polymer(Y)in treatment FI can significantly improve the crude fat content, β-glucan content, DDM, DMI and RFV compared with no super absorbent polymers(N), and there were no significant differences under treatments TW and TE. To sum up, the grain quality and forage quality of oat under drip irrigation can be improved by using strip planting with row spacing of 15 cm(FI)and applying 22. 5 kg/hm2(Y)super absorbent polymers in Inner Mongolia Automous Region.Keywords：oat;drip irrigation;row spacing;super absorbent polymer;quality5|11|1<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to explore the evolution trend of carbon emission in farmland ecosystem and formulate reasonable carbon emission reduction policies, the carbon emission and intensity of China's farmland ecosystem from 2007 to 2020 were estimated, and the spatial pattern of carbon emission intensity was analyzed by spatial autocorrelation. The GM(1, 1)prediction model was established to predict the future carbon emission intensity. Based on the prediction result, its development trend was analyzed by spatial autocorrelation. The results show that: The carbon emission of farmland ecosystem showed a fluctuating downward trend during the study period, and reached peak in 2013; The carbon emission intensity generally showed a downward trend, which displayed the spatial pattern of “north cold and south hot”. It will continue to decline in the future and estimated will drop from 0. 107 kg/yuan in 2020 to 0. 054 kg/yuan in 2027. The overall spatial pattern remains stable, but the hot spot area expands and the cold spot area shrinks. Therefore, in order to accelerate the development of low-carbon agriculture, it is necessary to formulate differentiated agricultural management measures according to regional differences and reduce the carbon emission intensity of farmland ecosystem.Keywords：carbon emission;farmland ecosystem;spatial-temporal pattern;spatial autocorrelation15|12|9<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to find out the suitable iron source for Brassica campestris seedling cultivation in plant factory environment and explore the effects of different iron concentrations on the growth of B. campestris seedlings, the seedling raising effects of EDDHA-Fe and EDTA-Fe were firstly compared with the iron concentration of 2. 8 mg/L. After determining the optimum iron source, three iron concentration levels of 0, 2. 8 and 5. 6 mg/L were set up for B. campestris seedling raising. The morphological indexes of root system and shoot, root activity and active iron content of B. campestris seedlings were investigated. The results showed that: 1)Under the same iron concentration, the active iron content in B. campestris shoot cultivated with EDTA-Fe was 12. 6% higher than that with EDDHA-Fe, and the root activity of B. campestris seedlings was also higher with EDTA-Fe; In addition, the Fe absorption and utilization efficiency of B. campestris was high when using EDTA-Fe, which is relatively cheap; 2)The EDTA-Fe was selected as the optimum iron source for the following experiment. Compared to the iron concentration of 2. 8 mg/L, the root surface area, root branch number and total root length of B. campestris seedlings were significantly enhanced under the iron concentration of 5. 6 mg/L. And the leaf area and dry weight of seedling increased by 29. 1% and 18. 4%, respectively. B. campestris seedlings could not grow normally without iron. The development of lateral roots was blocked, and the formation of secondary lateral roots was not found without iron. In conclusion, using EDTA-Fe as iron resource for B. campestris seedling cultivation is better than EDDHA-Fe. Increasing the iron concentration to 5. 6 mg/L is more conducive to the growth of B. campestris in this experiment.Keywords：Brassica campestris;iron sources;activity iron;root morphology13|13|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The aim of this study were to clarify the laws of important agronomy traits in the development of persimmon fruit, and provide theoretical reference for the best business period of persimmon fruit and the use of processing and utilization. In this study, 18 persimmon germplasm resources of different sweet and astringent types were used as materials to explore and analyze the changes in important agronomic shapes such as single fruit weight, color index, soluble solids, hardness, tannins, and ascorbic acid content during their development. The results showed that: The fruit development of the selected varieties all met the “S” growth curve. The color index of the fruit has a clear upward trend in the slow growth period of the fruit, mainly formed in the second rapid growth period; The hardness was stable before the slow growth period and decreased significantly in the second rapid growth period; The content of soluble solids showed a “V” shaped trend, and the bottom of the “V” shape is located at the beginning of the slow growth period. At the same time, there were also relative differences between sweet persimmon and astringent persimmon, mainly manifested in the changes in tannin and ascorbic acid content, and the tannin and ascorbic acid content of sweet persimmon fruit showed a significant downward trend in the 1st rapid growth period, and then remained at a low level in the slow growth stage and the 2nd rapid growth period. The ascorbic acid content of astringent persimmon showed a downward trend in the 1st rapid growth stage and the slow growth stage, and decreased to a lower level in the 2nd rapid growth stage; The tannin content of persimmons began to stabilize, and when entering the slow growth period began to show a clear downward trend, this trend continued until the second rapid growth period. To sum up, whether it is sweet or astringent persimmon, the slow growth period is the key period of fruit development, and it is the beginning of fruit color formation and soluble solid accumulation. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for “Improving quality and increasing efficiency” in persimmon cultivation.Keywords：persimmon;agronomic traits;fruit development8|12|4<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to reasonably use soil nutrients, improve yield and improve fruit quality, the relationships between fertilizer application method/rate and tree nutrition and fruit quality in pecan production were explored by the combinations of different fertilization methods with different application rates. The national standards were used to determine 10 mineral elements, crude protein and soluble sugar contents, kernel yield, length, transverse diameter and fruit morphological indexes of pecan kernel, green fruit, leaves and shoots(phloem vs xylem). The pecan fruit quality under different fertilization methods was comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis(PCA). The effects of different fertilization methods(traditional soil application and trunk infusion)and different fertilization rates on the internal nutrient storage of pecan trees at maturity stage were analyzed. The results showed that: The comprehensive pecan fruits evaluation model built with PCA analysis discovered that the highest combined quality scores were obtained under local traditional soil fertilization combined with trunk infusion treatment, followed by traditional soil application treatment. Meanwhile, it was found that traditional soil application combined with trunk infusion treatment significantly increased Ca and Mg contents in fruit tree phloem, indicating that the addition of trunk infusion measures further enhanced pecan fruit quality based on traditional soil fertilization, as well as promoted nutrient storage and mineral element reuse in the tree trunk. These findings are significant for clarifying the mineral element demand dynamics, absorption capacity and nutrient regulation of pecan tree. This study provide a scientific basis to increase the technical content and improve the supporting cultivation technology system for industrial development of pecan.Keywords：Carya illinoinensis;traditional fertilization;trunk infusion;principal component analysis;nutrient storage;nut quality7|15|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to obtain plant growth promoting rhizobacteria with superior characters that can be applied in environmental friendly microbial fertilizer, a Bacillus velezensis (LPL-410. 7)with effective plant growth promoting effect was isolated from different soil samples after preliminary screening and rescreening according to the abilities of nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization and potassium solubilization of strains. Genomic analysis showed that the genome size of the strain was 3 907 842 bp encoding 3 743 genes/proteins and its GC content was 46. 66%. The bioinformatics annotation showed that there were 59 functional genes related to growth promotion and biocontrol in LPL-410. 7, which are involved in the synthesis of secondary metabolites, transport and metabolism of coenzymes, transport and metabolism of amino acids and other pathways. Further experiments of strain characteristics showed that LPL-410. 7 could secrete protease and cellulase and produce siderophores with a relative expression of 51. 78%; Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the production of plant hormones indoleacetic acid, gibberellin and cytokinin; LPL-410. 7 could survive at pH ranged from 3 to10 and salt concentration ranged from 0 to 15 g/L; The strain had 88. 77% self-agglutination and strong scavenging ability of free radical. The results of genomic analysis were consistent with the actual function of the bacterial strain to decompose organophosphorus and produce related substances promoting plant growth(siderophores, indole acetic acid, cellulase and protease). In conclusion, Bacillus velezensis LPL-410. 7 is an excellent plant rhizosphere growth promoting bacterium, which has a promising development and utilization value.Keywords：plant growth promoting rhizobacteria;Bacillus velezensis;genome;strain selection;growth promotion6|18|10<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to elucidate the effects of different drying techniques and conditions on the drying characteristics and quality of rhizome Chinese medicinal materials, this study collected relevant research data published at home and aboard, compared the quality after drying, analysis of drying quality, drying characteristics and heat and humidity transfer mechanism of different drying techniques. The operation principle of different drying equipment and its influence on the quality characteristics and drying characteristics of Chinese medicinal materials in practical application were expounded, and the current restrictive factors in drying of rhizome Chinese medicinal materials are summarized. The results show that: 1)Hot air drying technology is the main drying method of rhizome Chinese medicinal materials due to its convenient operation and low cost, but modern drying technology is more prominent in improving drying efficiency and quality after drying. 2)The complementary advantages of combined drying technology effectively improves the drying inequality caused by moisture diffusion in the material, but the relevant drying equipment in the realization of mechanized application is still not mature enough; 3)The research on drying kinetics mechanism of rhizome Chinese medicinal materials has become mature, One of the development trends is to further explore the quality change mechanism in the drying process and enrich the basic theoretical research of drying; 4)The design of energy saving and environmental protection, large-scale, intelligent control integrated drying equipment is also the development trend combined with the environmental characteristics of different regions and the production characteristics of rhizome traditional Chinese medicine.Keywords：rhizome Chinese medicinal materials;drying technology;drying equipment;quality of traditional Chinese medicine;drying characteristics15|13|8<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to establish a skin explant model for the study of infectious diseases of dairy cows' hoof, the skin between the hoof and toe of healthy dairy cows was cultured in vitro by using the air-liquid interface skin tissue culture mode. The skin tissues were collected at 0, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 72 h. Histological changes, apoptosis and caspase-3 expression of explants were detected by HE staining, in situ terminal labeling(TUNEL)and immunohistochemistry. The results showed as follows: 1)Compared with the 0 h control model, the epidermal structure of skin tissue was intact at 12, 24 and 36 h, and the dermis was denatured to varying degrees. The epithelial cells of skin tissue showed signs of degeneration at 36 h. At 48 h, the epithelial cells of skin tissue showed different degrees of degeneration and necrosis, accompanied by nuclear pyknosis. After 72 h, the epidermis of skin tissue was exfoliated and lost, and the accessory organs of skin were necrotic to varying degrees, and the normal tissue structure and function could not be maintained. 2)The number of apoptotic cells and caspase-3 protein expression in epidermis were higher than that in dermis. Compared with the control group, the apoptosis of skin explants at 24 h was significantly different(P<0. 05), and the positive rate of caspase-3 protein in skin explants at 36 h was significantly different(P<0. 05). In this experiment, one stable intertoe skin explants model of dairy cows was established, and the normal tissue structure, morphological function and activity were still maintained after 24 h in vitro culture, which provided a new method for the in vitro study of dairy hoof infectious diseases.Keywords：limb and hoof disease of dairy cows;animal model;skin explant;pathological change;apoptosis6|12|1<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to rapidly identify the clinical Haemophilus parasuis (HPS)infection, loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP)technology was used in this study to amplify nucleic acid and visualize the results by lateral flow test strip(LFD). Five groups of loop-mediated isothermal amplification primers were designed based on the conserved sequence of inf B gene of Haemophilus parasuis, and the optimal primer group was selected. A rapid detection method for Haemophilus parasuis LAMP-LFD was established by using biotin and 6-FAM-labeled internal primers for LAMP amplification reaction combined with LFD. The specificity, sensitivity, repeatability and clinical application effect of this method were tested. The results showed that: 1)The optimized LAMP was operated at 66 ℃ for 30 min, and LFD could specifically and intuitively detect Haemophilus parasuis within 5 min; 2)It has strong specificity and no cross-reaction with other five bacteria; 3)The sensitivity was high, and the lowest detection concentration was 1. 285×10-12 ng/μL, which was significantly higher than that of the conventional PCR method; 4)This method was used to detect 52 clinical samples. The positive rate of Haemophilus parasuis was 19. 2%(10/52), and the coincidence rate with LAMP test results was 100%. In summary, the LAMP-LFD method established in this study can be applied to the visual detection of Haemophilus parasuis specifically, sensitively and accurately. Moreover, the LAMP-LFD method has the advantages of simple operation, low equipment requirements, low detection cost and short time consumption, which is suitable for real-time detection and has high promotional value.Keywords：Haemophilus parasuis;loop-mediated isothermal amplification;lateral flow dipstick;visualization;rapid detection3|12|4<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To explore molecular markers and key regulatory elements of ivermectin resistance in Haemonchus contortus, the cis-regulation(cis)and competing endogenous RNA(ceRNA)regulation of lncRNA in H. contortus sensitive and resistant strains by high-quality long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)expression profiling, and the micro-regulatory molecules affecting the mechanism of ivermectin resistance were screened. In this study, RNA-seq technique was used to sequence the ivermectin-sensitive and drug-resistant strains of H. contortus. According to the prediction results of biological software, lncRNAs located in the upstream and downstream of the protein coding genes 10 kb were selected as the cis-regulatory element. The enrichment of differential lncRNAs were analyzed by GO and KEGG, and the significantly different lncRNAs and miRNAs were established by Target Finder and Cytoscape v3. 7. 1 software to establish lncRNA-miRNA regulation network and visual processing. According to the miRNA regulatory elements, the connectivity of the lncRNA-circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was analyzed, and combined with the enrichment results of drug resistance-related signal pathways, the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA visualization network was constructed. At the same time, ten randomly selected differential lncRNAs were verified by qRT-PCR. The results showed that: 1)5 374 transcripts of the sensitive and resistant strains of H. contortus predicted 858 new lncRNAs and targeted 474 mRNAs, of which 102 were up-regulated and 103 down-regulated. In the predicted results, 723 lncRNAs were targeted to 1 320 upstream and downstream genes through cis-regulation, matching a total of 1 566 regulatory relationships. 2)GO and KEGG enrichment results showed that a large number of target genes were involved in catalytic activity, transport activity, metabolic process, cell membrane and metabolic pathway, endocytosis, glycerol phospholipid metabolism, transport and other signal pathways. 3)According to the analysis of lncRNA-miRNA regulatory network, 205 significantly differential lncRNAs targeted and combined with 371 miRNAs to form 3 227 groups of regulatory relationships with high connectivity. 4)The results of qRT-PCR verification showed that the expression trend of 10 differentially expressed lncRNAs were consistent with that of RNA-seq. In summary, this study successfully obtained the lncRNA expression profile and constructed the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network of some drug resistance-related pathways, which provides a theoretical basis for further exploring the role of lncRNA in the regulation mechanism of ivermectin resistance in H. contortus.Keywords：Haemonchus contortus;Ivermectin;drug resistance;long non-coding RNA;competing endogenous RNA9|11|4<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to screen the molecular markers and related genes of breeding and stress resistance of Qira black sheep germplasm resources, in this study, 100 unrelated Qira black sheep were selected as the research objects. Genotyping was performed based on Illumina ovine SNP 50 K bead chip. Quality control of genomic data was performed with plink1. 90. Hardy-Weinberg values were calculated for the effective SNPs, and the first 1% molecular markers were selected from small to large. The annotated genes were then annotated with reference to the sheep genome(Oar_v4. 0)and these genes were analyzed with GO and KEGG. The results showed that: 1)A total of 480 SNPs and 417 candidate genes were obtained, including 13 reproductive trait genes and 30 stress resistance related genes; 2)The genes related to reproductive traits include SOX9, GTF2A1 and GNAQ etc. and the genes related to stress resistance include TMEM154, ZNF70 and CREB3L2 etc. To sum up, this study analyzed the genetic law of the breeding and stress resistance of Qira black sheep, especially the the candidate genes related to stress resistance. It was found that the Qira black sheep population carried molecular markers related to pneumonia resistance, which provided molecular level reference for the breeding and improvement of Qira black sheep.Keywords：Qira black sheep;genome chip;Hardy-Weinberg;excellent genes3|9|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In view of the high cost of corn production in China, the cross-sectional data of China and the United States in 2020 is used to compare the differences in the cost structure of corn production between China and the United States and among different regions of China. The method of depicting the equal yield curve is used to reveal the substitution relationship between machinery input and labor input and the substitution relationship between land input and fertilizer input in corn production to clarify the input characteristics of corn production in various regions. On this basis, the COST-DEA model was used to calculate the technical efficiency, factor input efficiency, allocation efficiency and cost efficiency of China's main corn-producing provinces from 2010 to 2020, and to analyze the cost saving potential of corn production. The results show that: The high labor cost and land cost of corn production are important reasons for the disparity in the production cost of corn between China and the United States; The average cost efficiency of corn production in China is 0. 568, and the efficiency loss is mainly due to the low technical efficiency; From the perspective of regional distribution, the cost efficiency is high in the northwest and northeast, and low in the southwest; From the perspective of different input factors, the utilization rate of seeds and fertilizers is higher, and the saving potential of land and labor input is greater. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively improve the technical efficiency and allocation efficiency of corn production, reduce the cost of corn production, enhance the competitiveness of China's agricultural products, and ensure food security.Keywords：agricultural competitiveness;food security;maize cost;cost efficiency;saving potential8|10|2<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To explore the influence of cooperatives on the quality rice growing behavior of professional farmers, based on the survey data of Jiangxi Province in 2020, the mechanism of cooperative participation on the cultivation behavior of quality rice were analyzed and verified by using binary Probit model and mediation model. The results showed that: Participation in cooperatives had a significant positive effect on farmers' quality rice cultivation behavior, and social capital partially mediated the effect of cooperative participation on quality rice cultivation. At the same time, contract term, information access, planting years, work experience and selling price all had significant effects on quality rice planting. The effect of cooperative participation on quality rice planting behavior was different among different stubble stages. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance professional food and agriculture farmers' recognition of the role and function of cooperatives, strengthen social capital, improve the information platform for land transfer, strengthen the demonstration and promotion of high-quality varieties, and cultivate high-quality rice brands, so as to enhance the profitability of professional food and agriculture market and promote their high-quality rice planting behavior.Keywords：the cooperative;professional farmer;high quality rice cultivation10|11|2<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to study the impact of policy-oriented agricultural insurance on agricultural green production, this study adopted the panel data of 30 provinces(The data do not include those of Tibet, Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan regions. The same below)in China from 2001 to 2019, and identified the chemical fertilizer, pesticide and agricultural plastic film reduction effect of policy-oriented agricultural insurance by using the staggered difference-in-differences method. The results show that: 1)Policy-oriented agricultural insurance has significant and robust reduction effect on the application amount of chemical fertilizer, pesticide and agricultural plastic film. Specifically, the implementation of policy-oriented agricultural insurance reform resulted in an average reduction of 3. 50% in chemical fertilizer use, 6. 70% in pesticide use and 6. 40% in agricultural film use in the pilot areas. 2)The mechanism analysis shows that policy-oriented agricultural insurance has changed the agricultural operation structure, operation scale and production technology selection of the producers to different degrees, thus inhibits the excessive input of chemical fertilizer, pesticide and agricultural plastic film. 3)Heterogeneity analysis shows that the higher the insurance payment of affected crops, the higher the shares of agricultural income and the stronger the reduction effect of policy-oriented agricultural insurance. 4)In addition, the agricultural chemical reduction effect of policy-oriented agricultural insurance does not come at the expense of general agricultural output value and rural household income. The findings of this study provide certain policy implications for the agricultural chemical reduction governance in China.Keywords：policy-oriented agricultural insurance;reduction;chemical fertilizer;pesticide;agricultural plastic film16|17|9<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Based on the survey data of 422 provincial demonstration family farms in Shandong Province, this study empirically analyzes the impact of order agriculture participation behavior on green production of family farms by using statistical analysis and seemingly unrelated regression model. The results show that: 1)The proportion of green production adopted by family farms participating in order agriculture is significantly higher than that of farms not participating in order agriculture, and the proportion of green production adopted by farms closely connected with the order party is higher than that of farms not closely connected with the order party. 2)Contract farming can significantly promote green production in family farms, especially soil testing, formula fertilization and pesticide waste recycling. 3)Other control variables such as farm operation years, quality inspection traceability, “three products and one standard”, participation in training also have a significant impact on its green production. Therefore, it is necessary to speed up the adoption of order farming modes such as “agricultural supermarket connection” and “agricultural enterprise connection” in family farms, encourage family farms to establish close ties with order parties, increase training on farm green production, and promote the transformation of farm green production awareness, willingness and behavior.Keywords：contract farming;green production;family farms;seemingly irrelevant regression;Shandong Province8|12|5<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to achieve the long-term effectiveness of the promotion of straw returning technology, based on 1 102 micro survey data of farmers in Henan and Hubei province, this study uses Probit regression model to explore the impact of social support on farmers' active adoption of straw returning technology from the two dimensions of emotional support and information support. The internal mechanism of social support to promote farmers' active adoption of straw returning technology is further discussed. The results show that: 1)Social support can not only directly promote farmers' active adoption of straw returning technology, but also indirectly affect farmer' active adoption of straw returning technology through the intermediary path of straw returning technology knowledge and identity perception; 2)Emotional support and information support positively affect farmers' active adoption behavior; 3)The health status of farmers will significantly promote the active adoption behavior of farmers. The number of land blocks can inhibit the initiative of farmers' adoption behavior. Compared with Henan Province, Hubei Province has a higher probability of farmers' active straw returning behavior. Therefore, in order to improve the farmers' active adoption of straw returning technology, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of software and hardware environment, create a social support atmosphere, enhance the effective supply of services, improve the farmers' sense of support, give consideration to both reason and reason, improve the farmers' cognitive level, encourage land circulation, and enhance the convenience of farmers' mechanized operation.Keywords：social support;emotional support;information support;active adoption behavior;straw returning7|10|3<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to investigate the impact of Internet information technology on farmers' income, this study identified and tested the mechanism of Internet information technology on farmers' income based on the information effect theory and first-hand survey data. The results showed that the application of Internet information technology was beneficial to increase farmers' non-agricultural income. This effect remained significant when both the Heckman two-stage method and instrumental variables were used to control for potential endogeneity problems. By further exploring the mechanism, it was found that Internet information technology is beneficial to non-agricultural employment by promoting self-employment and employment of others. This study provided new empirical evidence for understanding the mechanism of the impact of Internet information technology on farmers' income, and also provided reference for further playing the role of Internet information technology in improving rural economic and social development and farmers' income.Keywords：Internet information technology;non-agricultural employment;employed by others;employed by oneself;farmers income7|14|1<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to summary of successful straw comprehensive utilization in Japan, the literature on the comprehensive utilization of straw in Japan from 1970 to 2021 was searched on the websites of J-STAGE, CINII and CNKI. The policies, laws and regulations on comprehensive utilization of crop straw in Japan were emphatically analyzed, and a comparative study on straw resource management between China and Japan was carried out. The results revealed that Japan has formed a relatively perfect straw policy and legal system, which is guided by the target policy, guaranteed by laws and regulations, and driven by economic support policies such as taxation from 1970 to 2021. For the policy formulation, Japan attaches great importance to the guiding role of development strategy and introduced the ‘Japan Biomass Strategy' and other relevant strategies. In addition, Japan pays attention to supporting straw follow-up products and implements government procurement, terminal product subsidies, a green power trading system and other policies. A relatively perfect legal framework has established in terms of laws and regulations, mainly including environmental protection, biomass energy, and electricity laws and regulations. The basic and special laws contain relatively detailed content, wide coverage and strong pertinence. Special laws such as the Law on the Promotion of Biomass Utilization and the Law on the Promotion of the Utilization of Organic Matter Resources in Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery as Biofuel Materials provide specific provisions on the utilization of biomass such as straw for power generation and molding fuel. The Law on the Promotion of Fertilizer directly raised returning straw to the farmland up to the national legal level. Based on China's national conditions, four aspects of experience and enlightenment were put forward, including formulating national and regional strategic planning for the development of the biomass energy industry, and increasing subsidies for straw collection, storage and transportation, feed utilization, and terminal products. In addition, China needs to establish policy incentives such as government procurement and green power certificates, introduce ‘biomass regulations' and ‘national soil fertility maintenance regulations' and support special laws and regulations related to the full guaranteed purchase system.Keywords：straw utilization;policy;laws and regulations;experience for reference;Japan10|12|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
