Issue Ebookcover storyIssue Cover
List of IssuesDocument Types
- Abstract：Carbohydrates with the binding capability to microbes were coupled with luminescent quantum dots(QDs) for microbial detections.Mannose and galactose-coated QDs(Man-QDs and Gal-QDs) were prepared using the thiolated sugars to replace the original ligands(mercaptoacetic acid) on the surface of CdSeS/ZnS QDs,according to a ligand exchange method.Structural and spectral characterizations of the resulting glyco-QDs revealed intense luminescent emission and UV-visible absorption,as well as high solubility and stability in water.Further studies on interactions between the glyco-QDs and corresponding lectins(ConA and RCA120) demonstrated that luminescent aggregations of the lectins caused by the multiple and specific bindings with the glyco-QDs could occur at nanomolar concentrations in a very short time(90 min),This indicated the potentials of the glyco-QDs for rapid and sensitive biosensings.As the lectin-like adhesins are commonly found on the surfaces of many kinds of microbes,the present work provides a baseline for the future studies on microbial detections with the glyco-QDs probes.Keywords：microbial detection;quantum dot;carbohydrate;conjugate;lectin1|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The aim of this research was to study the effect of microbes,biogas slurry and their combination on the economic characters and yield of maize.The nitrogen-fixing bacteria Bacillus megaterium C4,Bacillus sp.W6,Azospirillum brasilense Yu62,the combination of nitrogen-fixing bacteria with Pseudomonas alealigenes S20 and the combination of bacteria with the biogas slurry were applied to maize in the field.Experimental results showed that the treatments of either single bacterium,biogas slurry or their combination gave a more excellent performance than water treatment in terms of maize yield and economic characteristics except kernel weight,Bacteria treatment groups,especially with C4,gave a 10% higher dry ear yield compared to the water treatment group.The combination of biogas slurry with these bacteria was superior to individual use on maize.In particular,the combined biogas slurry with microbial agent C4 had increases of 2.17% kernel weight,25.15% dry ear yield and 12.47% grain yield comparing to the water treatment.Keywords：maize;azotobacter;biogas slurry;composite matching;field trials0|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：This research is to study the effects of Normal,slow development layers and broiler on cecal bacterial population structure and diversity.To identify specific and common community members,cecal bacterial population structure and diversity in 4-,6-,10-,16-,20-,and 40-week-old commercial layers and 1-,2-,4-,6-,7-,and 8-week-old broiler chickens of Normal development,slow comparatively studied using PCR-DGGE of 16S rDNA,combined with cloning and sequencing of DNA recovered from specific and common tapping bands of PCR production with specific primers.Lactobacillus-specific primers and cluster analysis showed more similarity of cecal bacteria in the chicken of both varieties of Normal than in those of slow.The average band number of PCR-DGGE fingerprints of 16S rDNA from the chicken of the same variety at different weeks and Normal development,slow of age was significantly different (P<0.05).Bacteroides-specific primers and cluster analysis exhibited more common bands and closer similarity of cecal bacteria in the two varieties of Normal,slow development.The average band numbers of PCR-DGGE fingerprints of 16S rDNA from the two varieties at different weeks of age did not display significant difference (P>0.05),but the difference between chickens of Normal,slow development was significant (P<0.05).Clostridium specific primers and cluster analysis revealed that the difference between the average fingerprint band number from the commercial layers 20- and 40-week old was not significant (P>0.05),but the difference between that from health and poor broiler chickens at different weeks of age was significantly different (P<0.05).Sequence analysis of DNA recovered from Lactobacillus-specific tapping bands of PCR production showed that cecal Lactobacillus agilis abounded in commercial layers of both Normal development,slow during laying period,Lactobacillus aviaries and unculturable bacteria were abundant at the brooding and rearing periods.Unculturable Weissella sp.and Lactobacillus animalis were plentiful in chickens of the two varieties of Normal,slow development.Sequence analysis of DNA recovered from Bacteroides-specific tapping bands of PCR production exhibited that cecal Bacteroides acidifaciens and uncultured bacterium were abundant in the two varieties of Normal development,slow.Sequence analysis of DNA recovered from Clostridium specific tapping bands of PCR production displayed that the cecum of the two varieties of Normal,slow development were plentiful of unculturable bacterium.Unculturable proteobacterium were abundant in commercial layers.Shigella sonnei existed in large quantities in healthy broiler chickens,but were absent in the two species of poor health.The results of this study showed that cecal bacterial community structure in chicken at different feeding stages was affected by chicken species and their health conditions.Keywords：laying hen;cecal;bacterial flora;denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis2|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To obtain the theoretical basis for breeding high yield and lodging-resistant corn under high density cultivation condition,genetic model and mapping for corn ear-hight-coefficiency (EHC) was investigated.Cross combination was designed by selecting two sweet corn inbred (T14 and T4) with significantly different EHC.Genetic segregation analysis for EHC was evaluated using major gene-polygene mixed inheritance models and joint analysis of P1,P2,F1,B1,B2 and F2 populations.A genetic mapping population of 330 F2 individuals was used to establish QTL for EHC with the screening method of composite interval mapping (CIM).EHC of T14 was controlled by a major additive gene and some additive-dominant polygenes,and inheritance of the major gene was dominant.Four QTLs were identified in F2 population and six in F2:3.Moreover,three QTLs were detected in both F2 and F2:3.The genetic model of one major gene is consistent with QTL mapping result that QTL with high contribution rate for EHC was clustered simultaneously on chromosome 1.The genetic mode and major QTL for EHC from this study may improve the efficiency of high yield and lodging resistance breeding and molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) under high density cultivation condition.Keywords：corn;ear height coefficient;genetic model;QTL1|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Twenty-two soybean varieties which were selected by previous study were used to determine the seed coat traits such as color and weight proportion of seed coat;physical characteristics such as 100-grain weight of seed;physiological characteristics such as the changes of biomass during germination,water absorption and seed vigor;sprouts characteristics such as sprout production,sprout morphological and sensory quality.This article analyzed the seed coat traits and the relationships between the physiological characteristics and the sprouts characteristics.The results showed that the ranges of 100-grain weight were 8.1-22.3 g.The ranges of brightness value were 38.6-55.1.The ranges of seed input-sprout output ratio were 1∶5.12-1∶6.95 and the ranges of hypocotyl length and diameter were 6.60-11.42 and 0.24-0.32 cm respectively.The brightness of seed coat had significant positive correlations with single sprout weight and hypocotyl length (P<0.05).The sprouts output ratio had an extremely significant negative correlations with 100-grain weight of seeds (P<0.01) and an extremely significant positive correlation with seed vigor (P<0.01).The sensory quality had a significant negative correlations with the water absorption (P<0.05) and a significant positive correlation with hypocotyl length (P<0.05).The study also selected S-08-93、S-08-97and S-08-145 that were suitable for sprouts production.Keywords：soybean;seed coat trait;physiological characteristic;sprout characteristic0|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to control anthocyanin synthesis of 'Jingyou' grape,we applied high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) and real time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for studying the effects of naphthaleneacetic aicd (NAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments on the accumulation of anthocyanins,as well as the expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic correlative genes.The results showed that there were 16 sorts of anthocyanins in 'Jing You' berry skin.The anthocyanin contents of ABA treatment were higher but NAA treatment lower than that of control.And there were three extra anthocyanins in ABA treatment of berry skin.The structural genes in flavonoid pathway of anthocyanin synthesis were up-regulated at veraison,but down-regulated after complete maturity.The expression of anthocyanin structural genes was higher in ABA treatment than control,but lower for NAA treatment than control.The accumulation of anthocyanin and the correlative genes of anthocyanin synthesis were promoted by exogenous ABA.And NAA treatment had the opposite impacts.Keywords：grape;anthocyanin;ABA;NAA;RT-PCR1|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Effects of haustorium inducing factors on the active oxygen content of Cistanche germ tube and haustorium building of Cistanche sprout were investigated.In this study,different chemical reagents,such as 6-BA,DMBQ,Kinetin,resorcinol and oak endothelinwere applied to two-day old cistanche germ tube for 24 h.in vivo active oxygen location in the germ tube was detected by using H2DCFDA fluroescence probe,and the related active oxygen content was measured with the laser scanning confocal microscope.Numbers of haustoriums were counted 5 days after chemical applications.The highest induction rate was observed from the treatment with 2,6-DMBQ,followed by treatments with Kinetin and 6-BA.the treatments with quercetin and resorcinol obtained the lest induction rate.The three types of induction rate of haustorial were 80%,76% and 60%,respectively.It was found that the major in vivo location of active oxygen from the top of the germ tube.It can release the highest H2O2 after induction by quercetin,followed byresorcinol,6-BA,Kinetin and DMBQ.It was concluded that haustorium inducing factor can improve the haustorium inducing factors of Cistanche germ tube effectively.Keywords：germ tube;haustorium;haustorium inducing factors;ROS1|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The accumulation and distribution of photosynthate in Tamarix chinensis parasitized by C.tubulosa were studied using 13C stable isotope tracer technique.The results showed that:(1) After parasitism by C.tubulosa,the 13C-assimilation in T.chinensis leaves increased by 33.9%.(2) The 13C-assimilation distribution in T.chinensis was improved 113% in leaves,81% in stems and 72% in roots respectively,that promoted translocation and distribution into Cistanche tubulosa reached to 37.6% of 13C-assimilation accumulation during photosynthesis.(3) The chlorophyll content in T.chinensis leaves increased by 19.0%,the photosynthetic rate of the T.chinensis was risen by 20%.The dry weight per plant was 7.7 g less than 25.8% of the control.These results indicated that the assimilate distribution in the organs of T.chinensis was optimized by C.tubulosa.The reduction in weight was supposed to be concerned with the respiration process of the parasitic plant.Keywords：Cistanche tubulosa;Tamarix chinensis;photosynthesis;distribution;13;C1|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Agasicles hygrophila can obviously reduce the damages caused by Alternanthera philoxeroides.In this paper,nutritional ingredients of A.philoxeroides were measured and correlation of nutritional ingredients with the pupation rate of A.hygrophila was analyzed.The results showed that hydrophytes,hygrophytes and xerophytes had different water contents,93.285%,89.16% and 87.07% respectively.The contents of rough fiber,protein and rough fat were in an order of xerophytes>hydrophytes>hydrophytes.Rough fiber content was 4.18%,3.99% and 2.46%,protein 0.41%,0.35% and 0.25%,rough fat 0.088 3%,0.014 2% and 0.0039% respectively.The pupation rates of A.hygrophila were also significantly different,89.00%,64.67% and 16.43% in hydrophytes,hygrophytes and xerophytes respectively.The pupation rate was positively correlated with water content,but negatively with the percentage of rough fibre,protein and rough fat.A stepwise regression model was established for these parameters:Y=119.477-11.463X2-624.440X4(r2=0.987),X2 rough fibre,X4 rough fat.It is concluded that the pupation rate was primarily affected by rough fat and rough fibre.Keywords：Agasicles hygrophila;Alternanthera philoxeroides;nutritional ingredient;pupation0|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To provide theoretical reference for getting the heating temperature parameters of locusts' phototactic gain and implementing the regulative coupling effect of light and temperature effectively in a locust capturing machine,by photoelectric equipment,and by utilizing LED light source,heating-temperature controlled device and homemade phototaxis behaviour trial equipment,through adopting the contrast experiment method,we did the optimal heating temperature on locusts' phototactic gain,and dicussed coupling effect of light and temperature interacting with environmental temperature influenced on the principle of the locusts' phototaxis gain.The results suggest that heating temperature,spectral illumination,environmental temperature and activity rhythm of locusts ,activing in the day and resting in the night,influence on the selection of coupling effect of light and temperature,heat temperature on locusts phototactic cluster has gain effect,which the temperature of 65 ℃ is the best,Locusts selecting the coupling effect of violet and heat temperature of 65 ℃ are the best in the same time,heating temperature on locusts' light and temperature induced plays a role on gain clustering,the illumination of spectrual color play a major role on locust capturing.Keywords：locusts;locusts' induction;coupling effect of light and heating temperature;phototactic gain;spectrual llumination0|9|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The objective of this study was to evaluate the AquaCrop model for Chinese green onion for simulating the growth and soil water storage in North China Plain.AquaCrop model for Chinese green onion was parameterized using soil water data,crop growth and yield data from one plot of Farmer Practice and Heavy Nitrogen Application treatments and the weather data,and tested using data from another plot of Farmer Practice,reduced nitrogen application,optimized nitrogen application and straw returning treatments in 2009.The results showed that AquaCrop model simulated accurately the soil water storage and biomass without water stress condition.The RMSE between the simulated soil water storage values and measurements was 19.4-24.9 mm,the relative error 3.9%-12.4%.The RMSE between the simulated biomass values and measurements was 0.31-0.73 t/hm2,the relative error 5.8%-12.8%.Keywords：Chinese green onion;soil water;AquaCrop model;parameterization;evaluation1|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The vegetative coverage on the slope,as an effective measure for soil and water conservation can regulate runoff and sedimentation.A series of flume experiments on the slopes set at 15°,under 4 rye grass coverages(0,25%,50%,75%),were conducted under 3 rainfall intensities(60,90,120 mm/h) with silty-loamy(loess) soil,to study the impacts of the rye grass coverages on the runoff and sedimentation processes.The results showed that the rye grass significantly reduced sediment yields.Under saturation conditions,the runoff and sediment yield processes were linear functions of time.No significant differences of runoff yiled were found amongst different coverages of rye grass,but they increased with rainfall intensity.The sediment concentration,sediment yield and sediment delivery rate from the grassed slopes decreased with the grass coverage,and increased with the rainfall intensity.At the slopes without grass cover,there exited no significant differences of the sediment concentrations under different rainfall intensities,while sediment yield and sediement delivery rate increased with rainfall intensity.Understanding the impacts of the rye grass coverage on the runoff and sedimentation processes from loess slopes is important to the managements of water conservation.Keywords：soil erosion;rainfall;runoff;sedimentation;rye grass;coverage;loess slopes1|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The paper studied the effects of conservation tillage on the soil aggegate and organic carbon by years on Loess Plateau.The spring maize cultivars Shenyu17 were used in the test under three farming modes of No tillage (NT),conventional tillage＋Straw returning (TS) and conventional tillage (CT).To study the effects,soil organic matter content was measured,and the aggregates composition,size distribution were examined by dry and wet sieving methods.The results showed that,NT significantly increased soil organic matter content compared with TS and CT.Dry sieving results showed that NT was higher in macro-aggregate content (R＞0.25) and mean weight diameter(MWD) than other treatments at 0-30 cm.Wet sieving results showed that the MWD of water-stable aggregates showed the trend:NT＞TS＞CT at 0-10 cm,Their differences reached the significant level of P<0.05 among the three tillage treatments.At 0~20cm,Destruction rate of aggregate under NT was higher than CT.NT increased the aggregation and the stability of soil aggregates,while due to intense disturbance,the aggregation and stability were decreased under CT.Keywords：Loess Plateau;conservation tillage;organic carbon;soil aggregate;MWD3|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：This paper aims to study the compost maturity influenced by pile-turning and crushing and shortening composting periods,and then analyze the feasibility of these new processes by fuzzy mathematics,based on the existing processing mode of Nangong Compost Plant in Beijing.The experiment was conducted with composting materials 0-80 mm MSW screened out from Majialou transfer station,and designed as three treatments:T1:8 days of high temperature fermentation followed by 12 days of post-ripening fermentation and 12 days of terminal-ripening fermentation,turning and crushing once,32 days in total;T2:7 days of high temperature fermentation followed by 12 days of post-ripening fermentation and 12 days of terminal-ripening fermentation,turning and crushing once,31 days in total;CK:8 days of high temperature fermentation followed by 12 days of post-ripening fermentation and 12 days of terminal-ripening fermentation,no turning or crushing once,32 days in total.The results show that:compared with CK,the evaluation level of T1 is the highest,which means that the technology of pile-turning and crushing can improve the maturity of compost greatly;the maturity of T1 and T2 differs little,indicating the feasibility of shortening composting period under the process of pile-turning and crushing.Keywords：municipal solid waste;composting;pile-turning and crushing;maturity;fuzzy mathematics0|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In this study,the CG42741 gene expression were found at embryonic,larval and pupal stage by RT-PCR,but such expression was very low at all of the three stages.Comparative to embryonic and larval stages,the expression of the gene was higher at pupal stage.The structural analysis and functional prediction of CG42741 protein also conducted in Drosophila melanogaster.Our data showed that this protein was characterized by three Cys2His2 zinc fingers located at the C-terminus and executed its function in nucleus.The protein belonged to the Kruppel-like family of transcription factors and could bind with GC-rich sites in genomic DNA.And we inferred the CG42741 protein might play an important role in cell proliferation.Keywords：Drosophila melanogaster;protein structure prediction;CG42741;gene;RT-PCR;Kruppel-like factors1|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：This trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary Se-Yeast supplementation at different levels on anti-oxidation performance and immune response in diary cows during postpartum period.A total of 20 Chinese Hosltein dairy cows with similar body condition and calving date were randomly assigned to four different treatments.The four treatments were:1) basal diet (the control,without any Se addition);2) basal diet +3.2 g/d Se-Yeast;3) basal diet +6.4 g/d Se-Yeast;and 4) basal diet +9.6 g/d Se-Yeast.The results showed that compared with the control group,the supplement of Se-Yeast increased selenium concentration in both blood and milk significantly (P<0.05);Glutathione peroxidase capacity (GSH-px) was increased from 78.44 and 101.04 U/mL to 149.69 and 152.90 U/mL when the inclusion level of Se-Yeast increased to 9.6 g/d in 7 and 14 d after calving and was firstly enhanced and then declined in 21 d after calving (the capacity reached 132.19 U/mL when added 6.4 g/d Se-Yeast to the ration);Serum total anti-oxidative capacity (T-AOC),superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lymphoid transformation were in the similar tendency with GSH-px;IgM,IgG and IgA were altered by treatment significantly.Seven days after calving,cows fed basal diet with 3.2 g/d had the highest concentration of IgM,IgG and IgA (0.86,1.35 and 0.13 g/L;P<0.05).However,the content of IgM,IgG and IgA were respectively in the highest and lowest levels in 21d after calving as the supplementation level was 9.6 and 6.4 g/d (P<0.05).It was concluded that supplementation with Se-Yeast improved anti-oxidantion performance and immune response in postpartum diary cows,where the treatment with basal diet of 6.4 g/d Se-Yeast had the best performance.2|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The objective of this study was to investigate the quantities of Ruminobacter amylophilus in lactating dairy cows under heat stress.Forty eight cows were assigned to mid-stage or late-stage,high producing or medium producing,primiparous or multiparous groups with a factorial design.Rumen fluid was sampled 5 h in the morning post-feeding via oral cavity with stomach-tube when the animals had suffered heat stress for one week.The real-time PCR was employed with the specific primers targeting 16s rDNA genes to test the abundance of Ruminobacter amylophilus.The quantities expressed as a log-transformed of Ruminobacter amylophilus was 7.70 and 7.95 in mid-stage and late-stage dairy cows (P＞0.05),7.46 and 8.20 in high and medium producing cows (P＞0.05),7.97 and 7.68 in primiparous and multiparous,respectively.In summary,the quantities of Ruminobacter amylophilus has no relationship with heat resistence of cow.2|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：A trial was conducted to study the effects of solid-state fermented rapeseed meal to replace part of expanding soybean meal on growth performance and serum biochemical parameters in weaned piglets.A total of 192 thirty-five-day-old weaned piglets (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire) were randomly divided into 4 treatments,4 replicate groups of 12 piglets male-female ratio was 4∶8 each for a 31-day feeding trial.In four treatment groups,solid-state fermentation rapeseed meal replaced expanding soybean meal at 0,20%,40% or 60%,respectively.The results showed that there were no significant effects on daily feed intake,daily gain,feed conversion ratio and diarrhea rate when the expanding soybean meal was replaced by the solid-state fermented rapeseed meal(P＞0.05).There were also no significant effects on the content of serum total protein,blood urea nitrogen,T3,T4,alkaline phosphatase and serum calcium(P＞0.05).However,the serum phosphorus was dramatically decreased in 20% and 40% of the replacement ratio,IgA was improved remarkably in 40% of the replacement ratio(P＜0.05),the improving trend of IgG,IgM was consistent with IgA though not significant (P＞0.05).The results indicated that it is feasible to use solid-state fermented rapeseed meal to replace part expanding soybean meal in diet of weaned piglets.Keywords：rapeseed meal;solid-state fermentation;expanding soybean meal;weaned piglets;growth performance;serum biochemical parameters1|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To decrease the piglet stillbirth rate of PIC(Pig Improvement Company)sows,a longitudinal study was conducted to collect sow reproductive performance data from 6 415 litters in a Sino-U.S.joint venture swine farm from 2004 to 2008.The effects of parity,farrowing year,farrowing season,farrowing year × farrowing season interaction and total number born on number of stillborn (NSB) and percentage of born alive (PBA) were analyzed.Results of variance analysis indicated that farrowing season and total number of born had highly significant difference in NSB(P＜0.001),and parity had significant difference in NSB (P＜0.05),but not farrowing year(P＞0.05).Farrowing year had significant difference in PBA(P＜0.05),and farrowing seasons,the farrowing year × farrowing season interaction and total number of piglet born had highly significant difference in PBA(P＜0.001).The sow farrowed in Spring and Winter had higher PBA(90.6%-90.8%)than that of in Summer and Autumn (83.4%-88.0%).Moreover,there was an increasing trend of least square means for NSB and PBA with an increase with total number born.Keywords：farrowing environment;piglet;sow;stillbirth2|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to compare the effects of mineral 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)-butanoic acid (HMBA) chelates (Cu,Mn,Zn) versus sulfates on laying hens,one hundred and eight 37-wk-old laying hens (Hyline Brown) were assigned to two treatments,where basal diet in the control group (CON) supplemented with a combination of inorganic minerals (sulfate source,i.e.,Cu 10 mg/kg,Zn 30 mg/kg and Mn 30 mg/kg of diet) and the treatment diets (OTM) supplemented with a combination of organic minerals to replace their inorganic forms in CON group,i.e.,10 mg/kg organic Cu (Novus Intl.,USA),20 mg/kg organic Zn,and 20 mg/kg organic Mn.All diets were iso-methionine.Basal diet was fed for 2 week of a pre-experiment period.Results showed that supplementation with HMBA chelated minerals did not affect eggshell quality (P>0.05).Supplementation of organic minerals significantly increased CA (P=0.052 1) and CP(P<0.000 1) activities in liver at 43 week of age.However,differences disappeared at 48 week of age (P>0.05).Supplementation of organic minerals significantly increased Cu concentration in liver,pancreas,spleen at 43 and 48 week of age,and yolk at 48 and 53 week of age (P<0.05).Zn concentration were increased in liver and yolk,but decreased in spleen and tibia when fed with organic minerals (P<0.05).Mn concentration in spleen (P<0.01) was also observed to be increased at 48 week of age.In conclusion,supplementation of mineral HMBA chelates could increase enzyme activities in liver,increase Mn and Cu retention,increased Zn retention in liver and yolk and decreased Zn in spleen and tibia.1|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to use ESTs data for Malus domestica more efficiently and conveniently,an EST-data analysis platform as being named "Malus domestica Micro-Workstation" was constructed and a sequence extending system was built on this basis.Upon test with the platform,the drought stress-related genes from 324 308 ESTs of Malus domestica were examed for prediction.The results showed that 1 979 sequences of the drought stress-related genes were found,in which 109 sequences were identified with potentially full-length coding regions.A total of 959 drought stress-related sequences may be down-regulated,while the other 1 020 sequences may be up-regulated.Then these drought stress-related sequences were classified into various functional types,according to cellular component,molecular function or biological process.The data analysis platform could be used for apple biotechnology research such as local inquiry,sequence annotation,sequence extension and so on.Keywords：Malus domestica;EST;data analysis platform;sequence extend;drought stress0|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Dielectric properties (the dielectric constant,loss factor and power penetration depth) of compressed maize flour samples were determined used by an open-ended coaxial-line probe with an impedance analyzer over the frequency ranging from 10 to 3 000 MHz,moisture contents from 13% to 22% w.b.,and temperature from 25 to 85 ℃.The results indicated that the dielectric constant and loss factor of the maize samples decreased with the increasing frequency but increased with the increasing temperature and moisture content.Under the conditions of low frequency and high temperature,negative linear correlations between the loss factor and the frequency on a log-log plot suggested that ionic conductance was the dominant heating mechanism.Compressed maize flour samples are likely to experience thermal runaway heating at radio frequencies,thus it is extremely critical to provide a uniform electric field for RF heating applicators.Power penetration depth decreased with the increasing frequency,temperature and moisture content.Maize samples could be treated in larger containers and thicker layers in RF heating due to deeper penetration.In microwave heating,however,small containers and thin layers of products could be used.Keywords：maize;dielectric properties;frequency;temperature;moisture content0|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Different intensity of instantaneous vacuum,temperature and containing time which affect removal dichlorvos efficiencies were investigated in this paper.Worthwhile,the optimal condition about removal dichlorvos was discussed.The effectiveness of removal dichlorvos by reversed-phase chromatography separation (RP-HPLC) was also investigated.The results showd that removal rate of dichlorvos reached 50.9% under the optimal conditions which was 96 kPa intensity of pulse vacuum,35 ℃ lasting 30minutes.Cucumbers which exposed under the optimal conditions could still maintain good physiological qualities.The amount of residual dichlorvos could be accurately detected by high performance liquid chromatography.After all,the instantaneous vacuum was feasible to remove residual dichlorvos.Keywords：cucumber;residual dichlorvos;instantaneous vacuum;high performance lipid chromatography0|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to detect the freshness of fish rapidly,electric conductivity method was applied to measure the electric conductivity changes during storage to verify its feasibility.Variations of the electric conductivity,aerobic bacterial count,total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N),2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) and K value were detected during storage.And the relationship between electric conductivity and aerobic bacterial count,TVB-N,TBA and K value of grass carp (Ctenpharyngodon idellus) stored at -3 and 3 ℃ was also studied used by the least square method.The result showed that electric conductivity,aerobic bacterial count,TVB-N,TBA and K value grew with the increasing storage time.Moreover,there was good correlations between electric conductivity and aerobic bacterial count,TVB-N,TBA,K value (P＜0.01),and all the correlation coeffiecients were more than 0.960.Thus electric conductivity can be used as a rapid and effective method to detect grass carp freshness.Keywords：grass carp;electric conductivity;freshness;aerobic bacterial count1|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To provide technical support for grain price risk management in international market,in this paper,a basic evaluation model of price risk for grain in international market was constructed,which can be shown as obtaining price fluctuation series of grain in international market,modeling the probability distribution of price fluctuation series,calculating the VaR of grain price risk.Empirical analysis and results show that the normal distribution is not the best distribution model that fits price risk for rice,maize,wheat and soybean in international market where the price fluctuation is subjected to the distribution of Lognormal,Log-logistic and Burr correspondingly.On the whole,price risk for grain in international market is severe,and the risk of price rise is higher than that of price fall.In terms of specific grain,rice shows the highest price risk with VaR of the price rise and fall reaching 69.23% and 34.31% respectively,which is much higher than that of maize,wheat and soybean in international market.Keywords：international grain market;price risk;risk assessment;Value at Risk(VaR)1|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：This paper used the principal component regression model,established the input-output model of rice of the four provinces of Southwest China,and then analyzed the status of the four provinces of Southwest China,basing on the survey data to the farmer in the four provinces of Southwest China.The results showed that:The output of the rice was impacted by the labor,land,seeds,irrigation costs,fertilizer and pesticide,and the government subsidies and the other factors.They had a great impaction on the output of the rice,except the investment on the agricultural machinery.In view of this,the paper puts forward relevant policy suggestions.Keywords：rice;input-output;principal component;regression analysis0|5|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Risk prevention system for food security is one of important parts of national security strategy and risk management system.Population growth,cultivated land area decrease,water shortages,international trade Barrier,and uncertainty of global climate change all factors would become the risk source of integrated food security in China.Here,we exploreded the connotation of integrated food security(IFS).IFS should include "food quantity security","food quality security" and "food sustainability supply security".Food quantity security is the foundation of realizing IFS.We systematically analyzed five risk factors affecting food quantity security,namely,resources restriction,production inputs restriction,natural disasters,consumption demand and international trade.The present paper focused on constructing the risk prevention system and emergency response plan for food quantity security,and some long-term measures were proposed to prevent the risk.Keywords：food security;risk factors;prevention system;emergency response plan0|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Farmer Field School(FFS) has rapidly developed in rural area of Beijing in recent years.The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of greenhouse tomato FFS on the management of tomato production.The study is based on interviews to farmers,who were randomly selected.Compared to the non-trained farmers in the same village and control village,the capability of trained farmers was enhanced in the knowledge and skill for tomato production,Their general knowledge and skill were increased 13.7% and 21.8% respectively,and 20.5% or 2.5% higher of rational application of pesticide compared to non-trained farmers or that in control village farmer.The input of the amount of pure nitrogen and pure phosphorus decreased 19.8% and 7.2%,while potassium increased 11.5%,whereas the amount of pesticide input,labors input and total financial input without significant different compared to the control village.The net income increased 11.9% and 13.7% compared to non-trained farmers and that in control village.The results showed there are significant impacts on famer's tomato production after trained in FFS,especially in enhancing farmers' capacity and income increase.Policy suggestions were proposed based on the study to support and popularize the farmer field school activity.Keywords：village;farmer field school;greenhouse tomato;effect;assessment0|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
