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- Abstract：Tarim basin is the most suitable area to plant cotton in China.During the past decades,the basin has been developed into one of the major areas in China to yield high quality cotton due to its prominent conditions of sunshine and heat.Based on data of 1949－2007 from cotton industry,the spatio-temporal evolution of cotton industry and some problems produced in the process of cotton area extension are analyzed in detail by using the method of development index.Advices to further promote cotton industry are put forward.Several outcomes of this studying are as follows:1) The cotton industry in Tarim basin has been developed remarkably from 1949 to 2007.The phases of cotton industry were divided into three parts: slow-paced development,then rapid growth,and finally steadily progress.The trend of cotton industry progress has some specific characteristics by itself as well as some similar characteristics to other areas. 2) In the process of cotton industry development,the range of predominant cotton area in Tarim basin has shrunk in west part,expanded eastward and outspread northward.Whats more,the cotton area in each county extends greatly. 3) Some problems such as water resource shortage,eco-environment deterioration,weak response of market has come into being in the process of extension of cotton cropland.Several advices of optimum distribution,moderate scale,saving water irrigation,ecological cultivation,building consummated service system are put forward based on the above problems.Keywords：cotton industry;Tarim Basin;spatio-temporal evolution;optimum development1|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In this study,a salt responsive gene GhCPK5 was firstly obtained from upland cotton using RT-PCR and RACE.GhCPK5 located probably in cell nucleus and the genomic sequence indicated that GhCPK5 had 7 exons and 6 introns.GhCPK5 contained an open reading frame (ORF) of 1 707 bp,which encoded a protein with 568 amino acids,with a molecular weight of 63 ku.GhCPK5 contained one protein kinase domain and four conserved EF-hand domains.The amino acid sequence of GhCPK5 shared 89% identify with Populus trichocarpa homolog PtCPK5.RT-PCR analysis revealed that GhCPK5 expressed in root, stem and leaf, and its expression level was significantly up-regulated by salt stress.Keywords：cotton;GhCPK5;salt stress response;RACE;sequence analysis1|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To detect transgenic components in genetically modified cotton,endogenous gene sad1,reporter gene GUS,exogenous insect resistant gene Cry1Ab/Ac,screening gene NPTⅡ,NOS terminator and CaMV35S promoter were chosen for establishing a multiplex polymerase chain reaction method.The designed six pairs of primers can amplify proper fragments and avoid primer dimers.The PCR conditions for the multiplex PCR analysis were optimized based on the primer concentration and annealing temperature,and the Six-Plex PCR detection system for transgenic components in cotton was then established.Results showed that the Six-Plex PCR can successfully detect the transgenic components in genetically modified cotton,from even a small quantity sample as little as a cotton seed using a modified genomic DNA extraction method for cotton seeds in this study.Keywords：cotton;transgenic detection;multiplex PCR3|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：This study was conducted in the Yellow River Basin (Chengan,Hebei) and the western outback (Shihezi,Xinjiang) cotton planting areas in 2009.The tested materials are three types of biodegradable mulch films(A,B,C)provided by Shangjiu Biodegradable plastic Co.,LTD.Guangdong.The results showed that the degradation properties of the biodegradable mulch films were different due to the variable environmental conditions from the two regions.The degradation process of biodegradable mulch film in Hebei was faster than that of in Xinjiang under both covered on soil surface and buried in the soil conditions.Comparing with the control,the faster degradation process of the biodegradable mulch film A and B affected the soil temperature,water storing capacity,thus resulted in decreased cotton yield;On the other hand,biodegradable mulch film C was better than both A and B.Keywords：cotton;plastic film;degradable performance;yield3|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To explore the effect of under-mulch-drip irrigation on canopy photosynthesis,canopy structure and yield formation of hybrid cotton planted in Xinjiang,an experiment with limited drip irrigation was carried out under field condition.The results were as follow: limited drip irrigation caused water deficiency in cotton field,reduced canopy apparent photosynthesis(CAP) and leaf area index(LAI); under this treatment,the canopy respiration rates(CR) and the ratio of CR to total CAP were higher in fully flowering stage but fell rapidly in full boll stage.The limited drip irrigation increased leaf mean foliage inclination angle(MFLA),transmission coefficient for diffuse penetration (TCDP) and transmission coefficient for radiation penetration(TCRP),with low light interception rate; On the other hand,excessive drip irrigation promoted the over-rapid growth of hybrid cotton,canopy leaf source capacity(CLSC) and high dry matter accumulation.But CR increased rapidly at late growth stage,and CAP was at its minimum level,result in low yield.In the case of hybrid cotton,under appropriate irrigation treatment,CAP was higher,and LAI increased sharply.It maintained at a higher LAI level at late stage,so it had a steady growth and optimal leaf physiological function which led to higher yield.Studies showed that the suitable amount of drip irrigation for Zhaofeng-1 in South Xinjiang was 3 000-4 125 m3/hm2.Its corresponding yield was 7 714.3-8 289.5 kg/hm2.The ideal canopy photosynthesis characteristic and canopy structure targets of hybrid cotton were discussed.Keywords：cotton;drip irrigation;photosynthesis;canopy structure;yield2|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterility (CMS) plays an important role in crop heterosis exploitation.Utilization of CMS and fertility restorer system is an effective way to break through the bottleneck of hybrid seed production and heterosis utilization.This paper presents a review focusing on CMS and fertility restoration and their utilization,expounding the types of CMS lines and fertility restorer lines,the sterility mechanisms which were summarized from cytology,physiological and biochemical indexes and molecular basis,to fertility genetics,development of molecular markers linked with fertility restoring genes,fine mapping of fertility restoring genes and cloning of fertility-related genes.The future work on CMS and its utilization in cotton are also discussed.Keywords：cotton;CMS;fertility restoration;heterosis2|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of irrigation methods (irrigation at the 4th leaf-age from top,irrigation at the 2nd leaf-age from top,and wetting-drying alternation irrigation) and application of panicle fertilization (application at the 4th leaf-age from top,two equal application at the 4th and the 2nd leaf-age from top,and application at the 2nd leaf-age from top) and its combinations on rice grain filling,plumpness and yield related traits at ooting and grain-filling stages using Japonica rice variety Yujing 6 (large spike). The results showed that 1000-grain weight and grain plumpness increased gradually with delaying fertilizer application and increasing panicle fertilization under the certain amount of water and nitrogen.Application of panicle fertilization at the 2nd leaf-age from top increased the grain filling rate at late grain filling stage and shortened the time of superior grain filling.Wetting-drying alternation irrigation greatly increased the filling rate and improved the hysteretic nature of the grain filling of inferior grains.Wetting-drying alternation irrigation with the application of panicle fertilization at the 2nd leaf-age from top was the ideal management regime,which increased thousand kernel weight,grain plumpness and yield by greatly improving the mean grain filling rate and maximum grain filling rate of the secondary branch grain of inferior grains.Keywords：rice;irrigation methods;application of panicle fertilization;yield;grain filling rate0|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The effects of wheat seedlings to Cd and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (TCB) pollutants were investigated by methods of Two-dimensional Electrophoresis,combined with water content,and lipid peroxide determination.The results showed that Cd and TCB pollutants inhibited the growth of leaves and roots which ledding to water deficit and causing lipid peroxidation in wheat s seedlings.Moreover,Cd and TCB stress had significant effect on global proteome in wheat leaves.Comparing with the contrast,we found that there were 12 stress inducible proteins of TCB,and 10 stress inducible proteins of Cd.The appearence of these induced proteins may be the important mechanism for Yangmai No.13 adapting to Cd and TCB pollutants.0|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Identification of risk areas of nitrogen and phosphorus loss is essential for the effective and efficient implementation of watershed management programmers.In this study,a calibrated Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was verified and used for identification critical sub-watersheds of nitrogen and phosphorus loss at the lakeshore region of Miyun reservoir based on the national drinking water standard.The results showed that the total phosphorus content in the surface runoff were all fell under the drinkable class, which indicated a low risk of phosphorus loss at all the lakeshore region of Miyun Reservoir.However,the total nitrogen content fell down to undrinkable level covered 49.58 percent area of the sub-basins.The risk sub-basin with high total nitrogen losing were mainly located at Gaoling town,Beizhuang town,and Chaohe reach,Xiaotanghe reach,lower reach of Mangniuhe.These risk regions were proposed as critical area for more effective control of the nitrogen loss.Keywords：reservoir;water quality standard;SWAT model;nitrogen and phosphorus loss1|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to estimate flood risk posed to cotton accurately and quantitatively,and reduce the heavy losses of cotton due to flooding in Hubei Province,the risk of flooding is studied based upon the meteorological and cotton data in nearly 30 years from three stations of this province.The results showed that flooding index was significantly correlated with precipitation anomaly percentage and standardization precipitation.It was easy to obtain precipitation anomaly percentage and standardized precipitation.But it was more difficult to calculate the flooding index since they contained a number of parameters.The precipitation anomaly percentage was therefore defined as the flood hazard standard.Based upon the weighted flood standards during cotton growth period,the numerical data of flooding risk were as foloowing:Xiangfan10.5%,Macheng 16.1%,Jingzhou 4.2%.It was evident that Macheng cotton was at the highest risk and needed to take measures.Keywords：flood hazard standard;coefficient of variation;risk index;Hubei;cotton0|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The purpose is to explore the fungicide properties of Asarum himalaicum with active chemicals in its extract as a fungicide.The disc diffusion assay was used to test the antifungal activity of the extract of A.himalaicum against Alternaria solani and the pot experiments was used to evaluated the activities of extract.The result indicated that the crude chloroform extract of A.himalaicum had strong antifungal activity and on mycelium growth and spores germination when treated in 48 and 96 h.The EC50 of mycelium growth and spores germination of Alteraria solani were 1.69 and 0.41 mg/mL respectively.The bioassay result showed that petroleum ether fraction had strong antifungal activity on inhibiting the spores germination which was 100% in 48 h but had weak inhibition ability on mycelium growth which was about 40% in 96 h.The chloroform fraction had strong inhibiting activities both on the mycelium growth and spores germination which were 72.27％(in 96 h) and 83.42％ (in 48 h),respectively.The bioassay result showed that four sub-fractions had strong antifungal activities and the inhibition rates on mycelium growth were all higher than 85% in 96 h.The results of pot tests showed that the crude extract exhibited a protective efficacy and therapeutic efficacy over than 70% against the Alternaria solani with the extract concentration at 4 mg/mL.A.himalaicum could be a potential pesticide against Alternaria solani.Keywords：Asarum himalaicum;Alternaria solani;antifungal activity;active component1|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To optimize the conditions of rooting of in vitro transgenic Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd. cv. Dangshansuli,in the present study, the effects on the rooting of in vitro transgenic Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd. cv. Dangshansuli were assessed using different basic media,rooting method,dark culture time, and concentrations of Phloroglucinol (PG) and IBA.The results indicated that the best induction root was achieved by a two-step rooting method:firstly the plantlets in vitro were incubated on ASH medium with 80 mg/L PG and 20 mg/L IBA in the dark for 7 days;and then the shoots were transferred to the same medium with 80 mg/L PG in the normal light conditions.As a result,91.7% of the rooting rate was obtained under above conditions.2|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：This paper is concerned on the effect of spraying and topping 1 200,1 600 and 2 000 mg/L paclobutrazol,20 mg/L DA-6(N,N-diethylaminoethyl hexanote),and DA-6+paclobutrazol on peach quality during fruit expansion period.Results showed that paclobutrazol and DA-6 increased the weight of single fruit,fresh firmness,titratable acidity and total soluble sugar significantly.Different concentrations of paclobutrazol remarkably enhanced the concentration of antholyanin.In contrast,20 mg/L DA-6 reducesd the concentration of antholyanin.Topping treatments increased fresh firmness,titrable acidity,total soluble sugar and concentration of antholyanin significantly,but no significant influence on the weight of single fruit.It is suggesated that 1 600 mg/L paclobutrazol treatment is a viable measure to produce fruit with high favor and appearance.Keywords：peach;fruit expansion;DA-6;paclobutrazol;topping;fruit quality5|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Effect of nonwoven root restriction method on root temperature,plant growth and fruit quality of ‘Xiangxiu‘ watermelon were investigated. Results suggested that this method restriction dramatically increased temperature of the roots around 5－25 cm below the soil surface,with a mean root temperature increase of 2.31 ℃.The stem length,leaf number and relative leaf area of the early stage of plant growth increased by comparing to the control group. Root of watermelon was mainly restricted in cultivated layer,or 0-28 cm below the soil surface.The main root was very short and has a high root density and root activity. Root restriction also improved fruit quality dramatically,for example,the SSC,juice yield,Vc content and flavonoid content were improved under this condition. The significant difference was observed between RR and CK (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01). However,there is no effect on fruit fresh weight,TA and lycopene content.Keywords：watermelon;nonwovens fabric;root restriction;plant growth;fruit quality1|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：RNA interference(RNAi) targeting ProDH suppresses the degradation of proline, and may increase the resistance to drought and salt stress. In this assay,full length cDNA of ProDH was cloned with RT-PCR and RACE methods from total RNA of cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L.). The sequence analysis indicated that it contained 1 719 nucleotides coding for 498 amino acid residues.The ProDH gene and its deduced amino acid sequence showed a high degree of sequence homology with the AtERD5,BnProDH,BrProDH and AsProDH.The cDNA fragment was chosen to insert into plant vector pFGC-1008 at forward and reverse orientations to construct the recombinant RNAi vector. The RNA interference vector pFGC-gPDH was constructed successfully by restricting endonuclease digestion and sequencing, which would provide a construct for further functional study for drought resistance of plant.4|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：This study was focused on the impacts of garlic amendment on cucumber growth and soil biological properties by potted tests in a greenhouse.The results indicated that adding garlic residue significantly improved cucumber growth.The fresh weight of cucumber was positivly correlated with the added quantity of garlic residues.The numbers of bacteria and actinomycetes were enhanced due to the addition in the whole growth period of cucumber.However,adding 3% garlic residue decreased the number of fungi and fusarium, increased B/F ratio and optimized soil microbial community structure. Moreover,garlic residue increased the activity of polyhenol oxidase,saccharase,urease and catalase of rhizosphere soil at seedling stage.At harvesting stage,the four enzyme activities were significantly high at the adding rate of more than 2.0%,showing improving the environment favorable for the growth of cucumber stage.4|9|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The karyotypes of 21 lily cultivars were studied using traditional squash method.The results showed that the chromosome number of all tested cultivars was 24.Diversity of chromosome morphology was observed.Submetacentric acrocentric and telocentric chromosomes coexisted in most cultivars.The chromosome relative length varied from 5.1% to 14.39% and 5.11% to 13.66% in Asiatic Hybrids and Oriental Hybrids respectively.The ratio of the length of the longest chromosome to that of the shortest one varied from 2.09 to 2.61 and 2.01 to 2.64 respectively.The AS.K of the tested Asiatic cultivars and Oriental cultivars were 78.54%~84.05% and 77.04%~86.08% respectively.Of the 21 tested cultivars, 13 cultivars belonged to the stebbins ‘3B’ karyotype,the rest 8 cultivars belonged to the stebbins ‘4B’ karyotype. 6 of 17 cultivars with satellites were intermediate satellites,the other 11 were telocentric satellites.21 cultivars could be discriminated by means of the number and position of different kinds of chromosomes as well as the number and position difference of satellite in different cultivars.Keywords：Lilium;cultivars;chromosome;karyotype analysis1|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The object of this study is to prepare and evaluate the urease immunostimulants.The protein concentration was identified and quantified identified by SDS-PAGE and Bradford respectively after UreB was expressed.To prepare urease immunostimulants,UreB protein and Freunds complete (incomplete) adjuvant were mixed and emulsified.Forty healthy mice were randomly allocated to four groups,where three groups were immunized with urease immunostimulants,Freund‘s complete (incomplete) adjuvant and physiological saline.and the fourth group served as the non-immunization control.The mice were immunized once every two weeks for three times.One week after the third immunization,bloods were sampled.Specific antibody titers were determined by the method of ELISA,and the mice blood was determined by blood analyzer and flow cytometry.Urease B protein was expressed and purified successfully with the concentration of 0.39 mg/mL.Serum specificity IgG titer of mice can reach above 1:10000,which was significantly higher (P＜0.05) than other 3 control groups,but specific IgA and IgM titers were not a significant difference between other 3 control groups (P＞0.05).The number of white blood cells,lymphocyte and intermediate cell were improved by urease immunostimulants (P＜0.05),and other blood index had no significant influence (P＞0.05).Urease immunostimulants was prepared,and it could lead to the immune response,this built a foundation for further experiment regarding cow‘s immunization.Keywords：mice;urease;immunostimulants;antibody titer3|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：This study is to investigate the dynamic expression profiles of HSP70 mRNA in liver and hypothalamus in quality chicken under heat stress,and explore the mechanism of heat stress reaction of this kind of chicken.The 64-day-old subjects produced from Anak 40 (♂) × Lingnan Yellow (♀) were placed in a room with the ambient temperature at (38±1)℃ for heat stress treatment.The HSP70 mRNA levels in liver and hypothalamus were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR at the initial,12,24,36,48,and 60 h of the stress,respectively.During heating stress,the expression of HSP70 mRNA in the liver and hypothalamus markedly increased,and reached the peak at 36 h,which significantly (P<0.05) higher than the initial level by approximately 7-fold.At 48 and 60 h of the stress,the HSP70 mRNA in hypothalamus decreased dramatically to the level as at the initial of heat stress.While in liver,the HSP70 mRNA significantly decreased to the level less than 10% of the initial.Under heat stress of (38±1)℃,the expression of HSP70 mRNA in the liver and hypothalamus increased up to 36 h and followed by a sharp decrease,and the dynamic expression profiles of HSP70 mRNA in both tissues were basically synchronous.Keywords：chicken;heat stress;reaction mechanism;HSP70;gene expression3|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Using modern molecular maker techniques to seek the markers loci which effect the litter size of pig,and provide the foundation for marker assisted selection that cultivating the breed or strain of pigs which have high reproduction rate.This research used PCR-RFLP(AluⅠrestriction enzyme),molecular marker techniques,analyzed the polymorphism of the tenth exon in PRLR gene in 55 Wei Pigs and 63 Dingyuan Pigs.Least-square analysis method was used to study the effects of PRLR gene on litter size.The results showed that,polymorphism exists on the tenth exon in both Wei Pigs and Dingyuan Pigs.The genotype frequency of AA、AB、BB were 0.490 9、0.436 4、0.072 7 and 0.507 9、0.396 8、0.095 2 in Wei Pigs and Dingyuan Pigs respectively,where A alleles is the dominant gene,showed 0.7091 and 0.706 3 respectively.The gene frequencies and genotype frequencies of both Wei Pigs and Dingyuan Pigs reached the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05).Among three genotypes of the PRLR gene,Wei Pigs and Dingyuan Pigs show no significant difference in the total number born (TNB),the number born alive (NBA) of the first parity and the TNB,NBA of the latter parities (P>0.05).All results showed the trend of AA>AB>BB.Polymorphism in the tenth exon of PRLR gene had certain effect on litter size.However,further study is necessary to get a conclusion that,whether the gene is one of the candidate genes or it linked with the QTL that influence litter size for litter size.Keywords：pig;PCR-RFLP;PRLR;gene;litter size;candidate gene;marker selection2|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationships between the fecal P excretion and the dietary P intake by digestion trial in beef cattle.Twenty-four crossbreed heifers (Simmental×local cattle,BW=369.5±37.8 kg) were selected and randomly assigned to six dietary treatments,which contained phosphorus at the level of 0.38%,0.45%,0.50%,0.56%,0.61% and 0.67% in concentration (DM basis),respectively.Animals were fed the roughage once a day ad libitum,and the concentrate was supplied in two equal amounts (3.50 kg/d).A 10-day digestion trial was included in this 30 days experiment.Total feces were collected and recorded for each cattle during the last 7 days of the experiment.Daily feed offerings and refusals were measured to obtain net feed intake for each animal.Animal feeds and feces were preserved for further analyses of P and DMI.The linear regression analysis was used to study the relationships between the fecal P excretion and the dietary P intake.Results showed that: The levels of concentrate P had no significant influence on DMI (P>0.05).The linear relationship between fecal P execrated and dietary P intake was y=1.004 3x- 8.726 8 (R2=0.829 8,P<0.05,n=24) if it was measured as g/d unit,then was y=0.933 0x-1.169 9 (R2=0.828 2,P<0.08,n=24) and y=0.631 7x+0.081 9 (R2=0.571 1,P<0.05,n=20) if measured as g/kg DMI unit.It was suggested that faecal P excretion increased linearly as dietary P intake increased.Keywords：beef cattle;heifer;phosphorus;intake;excretion0|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：This experiment was performed to evaluate the effect of polyurethane coated urea on rumen fermentation and microbial protein synthesis in vitro in dual-flow continuous culture system.Isonitrogenous diets were formulated with regular urea (negative control),coated urea and ISP (positive control) based on steam-flaked corn.The results showed that the group of ISP had the highest digestibility in DM and OM,and the group treated with regular urea had the lowest digestibility (P=0.02),where the group treated with coated urea was in the intermediate.The highest NH3-N concentration was in the group treated with regular urea (1.99 mg/dL),which was 30.2% (1.39 mg/dL) greater than the group treated with coated urea,while it is lowest in the group of ISP (1.04 mg/dL,P<0.000 1).Significant differences were observed in individual VFA molar proportion (P<0.05).There was a difference (P=0.07) in microbial nitrogen flow (MN) among treatments,with the maximum in the group of ISP and the minimum in the group of regular urea.The efficiency of microbial protein synthesis in vitro was increased in the group of coated urea (13.0 g nitrogen per kg true digested organic matter),compared with the group pf regular urea (11.3 g nitrogen per kg true digested organic matter).It was concluded that compared with regular urea,the addition of coated urea in the diet could not change ruminal fermentation pattern in vitro,but significantly improve the efficiency of microbial protein synthesis.Keywords：urea;fermentation traits;microbial protein;continuous system6|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To investigate the anti-viral activity of Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG-PSN),vesicular stomatits virus (VSV),MTT method and CPE method were used to observe the cell viability and to detect the protection of CEF cells from VSV infection in vitro.The optimal incubation time and concentration were also determined according to MTT method.The result showed that BCG-PSN had toxicity to CEF cells after treated with more than 800 μg/mL BCG-PSN.BCG-PSN can inhibit VSV growth in CEF cells,however,the anti-viral activity was not changed with concentration induction of BCG-PSN and incubation time.The anti-VSV activity was maximal for 144.0 μg/mL of BCG-PSN treatment at 24 h.The result also showed that the anti-viral activities induced by BCG-PSN in CEF cells were related to the levels of IFN-α and IFN-β.Keywords：BCG-PSN;CEF;VSV;anti-virus activity0|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Automatic extraction of wetland information in farming-pastoral regions is very difficult,because land use types are complex and etland area is small which lead to erious mixed pixel phenomenon.Aming at the characteristics and difficulties of wetland remote sensing information extraction in these regions,the NDVI (Normalized Different Vegetation Index) threshold method was used to extract water body first.Afterwards,the support vector machine(SVM) was selected to extract wetland information which has removed water.Finally,the meadow component which was decomposed by linear spectral mixture model was amended by the high-resolution satellite image to further extract high coverage,medium coverage and low coverage meadow.The experimental results showed that the overall accuracy was 88% and the Kappa coefficient was 0.83.This method can provide a reference of remote sensing information extraction of wetland for other regions with mixed spectral characteristics.Keywords：wetland;linear spectral mixture model;remote sensing;farming-pastoral area;vegetation coverage0|5|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Aiming at the fuzziness and uncertainty of the edge of the lesion region pixels,this paper proposed a decision system of image segmentation of plant diseases with linear and clear self-adaptive five-layer fuzzy neural network model,and optimized the initial values of adjustable parameters by quantum genetic algorithm,which based on the function characteristic that pieces of fuzzy rules of T-S model is the input language variable.The experimental result showed that T-S model had many advantages including accuracy,convergence ,stability,robustness,and easy to implement when implied in color image segmentation of potato early blight,which overcame local minimum of traditional gradient descent method.Keywords：plant diseases;image segmentation;fuzzy neural network;quantum genetic algorithm;decision system1|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Aiming at the problem of detection element design of biomass sensor,a number of capacitive sensor patterns were simulated using the Finite Element method,and then the patterns were fabricated and tested in the laboratory.Finally,a non-intrusive,capacitive,single-sided biomass proximity sensor was developed.The result showed that while the polarized inter-digital pattern produced only 7% of the base capacitance of the basic interdigital pattern,the percentage change in capacitance (0.99%) was more than 100 times that of the basic interdigital pattern.Semi-interdigital pattern and solid electrode pattern is the optimization of polarized inter-digital pattern,and the capacitance change was 1.32% and 1.26% for the semi-interdigital and the solid patterns respectively while the sensor-stalk distance is 1.5 cm.It is likely that the very small difference in the modeled performance of these two patterns.Based on these results,the simple solid electrode pattern was selected for further investigation.Keywords：biomass;capacitive;corn stalk;precision agriculture;sensor0|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to improve the performance of metering parts,a seed-filling device of plot seeder was studied in the paper.The influence of four test factors (motion velocity of plot seeder (v),rotation speed of seed-filling device (ω),generatrix length of seed-filling device (l) and base angle of seed-filling device (α)) on CV of the uniformity in seeding-filling process for rape seed and wheat seed were analyzed by the quadratic general rotational combination design.With DPS 7.05 Data Processing System the regression equations of the uniformity in seed-filling process on the four test factors were established.The effect order of four test factors obtained by the regression equations is generatrix length of seed-filling device>base angle of seed-filling device＞motion velocity of plot seeder>rotation speed of seed-filling device for rape seed and base angle of seed-filling device＞generatrix length of seed-filling device＞rotation speed of seed-filling device＞motion velocity of plot seeder for wheat seed.The optimum parameters about structure and operational environment for rape seed and wheat seed established by analysis are as follows:motion velocity 0.4 m/s,rotation speed of filling device 0.25 rad/s,generatrix length of seed-filling device 0.1 m and base angle of seed-filling device 50°.From the result the best plot length for the seed-filling device is 10 m and the best CVs in seed-filling process for rape seed and wheat seed are 5.68% and 7.85%,respectively,when seeding rate for rape seed and wheat seed are 5 and 180 g/plot.Keywords：plot seeder;uniformity in seed-filling process;breeding machine;performance test0|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The purpose of this article is to apply an econometric model to analyze the major factors that influence the farmers’ decision making and behavioral density about pesticide use,utilizing the data obtained from a survey carried out in Anqiu City,Shandong Province.The results indicate that,the education level,the export percentage of agricultural products and the perception level of the producers to Positive List System have an positive effect on the farmers’ reduction of pesticide usage,while planting structure,distribution channels also influence this action of pesticide reduction to a large scale.Based on the above analysis,some suggestions as to enhance the promotion of regulations,standardize circulation channels,optimize the planting structure and guide farmers to make production records are made.Keywords：vegetable;food safety;pesticide use;impact mechanism0|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Based on the field survey of the traceable vegetable growers in Shouguang city,farmers’ behavior,awareness,and benefit changes were analyzed in this paper.The conclusion was listed as follows:the average education level of investigated farmers was not high,it was in a short time for farmers to engage in vegetable traceability systems;only few farmers kept production record;and farmers’ awareness about vegetable traceability systems was low.The external environmental conditions that farmers faced such as driving function of industrialized organization,government subsidies and technical support were at a distinct disadvantage.The enthusiasm of farmers to participate in vegetable traceability systems was weakened,and farmers’ satisfaction was not high;the investigated farmers were mainly pushed by the government to participate in vegetable traceability systems,and only few were driven by market benefit.At last,the corresponding policy suggestions were proposed.Keywords：vegetable;traceability system;food safety;farmer’s behavior;benefit changes4|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：This paper does visual analysis of international and domestic oil crops.Based on analytic techniques such as co-citation analysis、co-appearance analysis and information visualization,this paper maps the co-citation network、hot words of most cited papers and frontier on oil crop using the Citespace software.The paper conducts the co-citation and network analysis and keyword and term co-appearance analysis of international oil crops on the data downloaded from the Web of Science at Institute for Scientific Information (ISI),including SCI,SSCI,and A&HCI,using high-impact international journals as the data sources.The paper conducts the keyword co-appearance network analysis of domestic oil crop on the data downloaded from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),which is one of the toppest number published platforms.The results state clearly that high cited documents of international and domestic are mainly about the experimental method and technology while recently domestic researchers focus their attentions on oil crop industry and biodiesel,and the early research hot fields of international and domestic are both about economic significance of oil crops,growth environment,yield and quality while recently hot fields are about biodiesel.Keywords：oil crop;information visualization;CiteSpace;co-citation analysis;co-word analysis2|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
