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- Keywords：Mycobacterium bovis,resuscitation promoting factor C,MB1916c gene,prokaryotic expression3|1|0<HTML><DownloadPDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：Sperm competition,competition between the sperm from two or more males for the fertilization of a given set of ova,is a process of sexual selection and the final mode of males' competition.Sperm competition is currently a research focus in behavioral ecology and evolutionary ecology.Four mechanisms of sperm competition(sperm stratification,sperm incapacitation,sperm removal and sperm flushing),four impact factors on paternity(mating order,number of mated males,mating intervals and cryptic female choice) and three kinds of male's adaptation mechanisms of sperm competition(morphological adaptations,physiological adaptations and behavioral adaptations) are reviewed.Future possible fruitful researches should be done to identify the components of sperm fluid and their effects on sperm competition,examine the morphology,ethology,physiology and functions of the sperm,understand the interactive relationships among the sperm,the female's reproductive duct and the eggs and explore the precise mechanisms of paternity preference.Keywords：insect,sperm competition,polyandry,multiple mating,avoidance mechanisms,cryptic female choice1|1|0<HTML><DownloadPDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：We studied the macro-adjustment decision-making system of investment and developed a series of quality models correspondingly based on area multiplier effect by dividing the whole economic area into two branches because different branches of the whole economic area often have different marginal propensity to consume (MPC).The results show that in determining the maximum multiplier effect of a certain branch area we should take a series of measures to improve the MPC of each branch,the investment in-flow rate of the certain branch area,the investment out-flow rate of the non-certain branch area and the initial in-flow rate of investment capital to the certain branch area.When considering the maximum multiplier effect of the whole economic area we should take a series of measures to improve the MPC of each branch area and the investment in-flow rate of the branch area with a higher MPC as well as the investment out-flow rate of the branch with a lower MPC;also to be considered is the in-flow rate of investment capital to the branch area with a higher MPC.This paper is useful to both the theory and practice of investment macro-adjustment.Keywords：investment,multiplier effect,dividing the whole area into two,adjustment and decision-making5|2|0<HTML><DownloadPDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：In order to determine the function of the MPB83 in the prevention and diagnosis of tuberculosis in cattle,the MPB83 gene of Mycobacterium bovis was cloned.Then vector pGEM-MPB83 and prokaryotic expression vector pET30a-MPB83 were constructed.Recombinant E.coli BL21(DE3) was induced by IPTG to express the fusion protein.The expressed and purified product was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western-Blot.The result showed that PCR product was about 600?bp as expected.Expression vector pET30aMPB83 was conformed confirmed by sequencing.The results of SDS-PAGE showed that the fusion protein was produced abundantly as inclusion body and the molecular weight of expressed protein was about 26?ku.SDS-PAGE analysis also showed that the recombinant protein expressed could reach 20 percent of the whole bacterial protein.Purified protein was obtained after being eluted from the gel by electrophoresis.The Western-blotting analysis showed the fusion protein had the antigenic activity of Mycobacterium bovis.Keywords：Mycobacterium bovis,MPB83 gene,cloning,prokaryotic expression,western blotting,protein purification1|1|0<HTML><DownloadPDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：In the present research,Kunming mouse morulae was vitrified by OPS(open pulled straw) method to investigate the effect of the different in-straw dilution protocol on in vivo and in vitro developmental potential of mouse embryos.The aim of this work was to provide technical details for embryo transfer and cryopreservation/thawing in small ruminant.Embryos were vitrified by two-step OPS method(embryos were equilibrated with 10%EG and 10%DMSO for 30?s,then with EDFS30 for anther 25?s).In the one-step thawing method,the OPS was directly plunged into tube filled with 0.5?mol/L sucrose solution for 1,2,3,4,5 and 6?min to dilute.After in vitro culture,the results showed that the embryos from 2-4?min groups could develop to blastocyst stage(93.58%-97.22%) as the control(P>0.05).When embryos were thawed by two-step method,the OPS was placed into 0.25?mol/L sucrose solution followed by equilibration in 0.5?mol/Lsucrose solution.The in vitro development results showed that when OPS was equilibrated in 0.5?mol/L sucrose for 3?min,then in 0.25?mol/L sucrose for 2?min,the recovered embryos showed normal blastocyst rate(100%).Embryos were transferred to the receipts using OPS as the catheter,the fetus developmental rates(38.57%) in the best in-straw dilution group showed no significant difference(P>0.05) from the conventional group(42.86%) and the control(51.19%).The above results showed that OPS vitrified mouse morulae could be successfully diluted and transfered by in-straw method,and it will provide a model for ET in small ruminant.Keywords：vitrification,in-straw dilution,Kunming mouse,morulae,OPS(open pulled straws),embryo direct transfer1|1|0<HTML><DownloadPDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Keywords：soil physico-chemical properties,geostatistics,semivariance,spatial distribution1|1|0<HTML><DownloadPDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：Based on the uniform design and the computer vision technology we studied the technology and method of regulation decision-making for winter wheat production in this paper.The research includes the trial design method and the related population growth status index of winter wheat.A dynamic trial design method was set up.The trial includes total 17 factors in different growth phrases.Some treatments yielded 6?570?kg/hm~2.The computing formulation of the population synthesized index was set up.The formulation includes status variables of winter wheat population such as the plant height,the leaf color and the leaf area index.The population synthesized index was involved as a factor in the trial design.The regulation decision-making models were built up by the stepwise regressive method in different growth phrases.The regressions are remarkable(R>0.95) and the predicted errors are from 6.92% to 6.92% with two exceptions.Keywords：winter wheat,dynamic optimization experiment design,population synthesized index,regulation decision-making,model4|1|0<HTML><DownloadPDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：To explore the effects of Wx protein content on starch content and composition,an improved SDS-PAGE was used to indentify Wx protein composition of 13 wheat varieties.The Wx protein content as well as amylase,amylopectin and starch content of the varieties were measured.Results showed that any Wx gene mutation could result in the reduction of amylose content,and with an increase in the number of Wx gene deficiencies,the amylose content decreased.The amylose content of waxy wheat was nearly zero.The correlation coefficient of Wx protein content with amylose was 0.860?0,amylopectin content was 0.402?7,starch content was 0.751?2,and am/ap was 0.810?8,indicating that the Wx protein played a key role in the amylose synthesis.The amylose content can be a good index for the early generation selection of noodle wheat and we can improve the starch property by manipulating the Wx gene.Keywords：Triticum aestivun L.,Wx protein,amylose,amylopectin,starch1|1|0<HTML><DownloadPDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Keywords：coronatine,cucumber,seedling,chilling tolerance,plant growth substance2|1|0<HTML><DownloadPDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：The experiment was carried out to determine the metabolizable energy value of two xylanase enzymes in six different diets of broiler chickens.Xylanase A(bacterial xylanase with activities of 5?000?IU/g) and B(bacterial xylanase with activities of 2?500?IU/g;fungal xylanase with activities of 2?500?IU/g) were added the six diets.At the age of 3 weeks,xylanase A increased the apparent and true metabolizable energy(AME and TME) of Corn-Cottonseed meal-based and Wheat-Rapeseed meal-based diet(P<0.05).Xylanase B increased the AME and TME of diets except for Wheat-Soybean meal-based diet(P<0.05).At the age of 6 weeks,xylanase A and B increased the AME and TME of Wheat-Soybean mealbased and Wheat-Cottonseed meal-based diet(P<0.10).During the period of 16-20 days,the metabolizable energy equivalent value of xylanase A 1?000?IU was between ME 0.62 and 0.68?MJ/kg in Corn-Cottonseed meal-based and Wheat-Rapeseed meal-based diets and that of xylanase B 1?000?IU was between ME 0.41 and 2.01?MJ/kg except for Wheat-Soybean meal-based diet.During the period of 37-41?days,the metabolizable energy equivalent value of xylanase A 1?000?IU was between ME 0.34 and 0.53?MJ/kg and that of xylanase B 1?000?IU was between ME 0.38 and 0.54?MJ/kg in Wheat-Soybean meal-based and Wheat-Cottonseed meal-based diets.Keywords：xylanase,broiler,AME,TME,metabolizable energy8|1|0<HTML><DownloadPDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：A total of 2?970 1-day old broiler chicks were used to study the effects of various levels of dietary protein and lysine on growth and meat quality.Results showed that: 1) when the levels of dietary protein increased by 4%,the average daily gain and feed conversion ratio improved significantly((PKeywords：protein,lysine,AA broiler,growth performance,meat quality2|1|0<HTML><DownloadPDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Keywords：spleen protein,enzymatic hydrolysis,spleen polypeptides,antioxidation in vitro0|1|0<HTML><DownloadPDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：The Chinese native sheep populations including Tan sheep,small-tailed Han sheep,Hu sheep,Tong sheep and Wadi sheep randomly sampled in typical colonies of central area were studied with other 10 Asian native sheep populations around China by foreign scholars as the analyzed background.The blood potassium phenotype was examined by a Na-K-Cl analyzer.The results showed that: 1) the values of Ewens-Watterson test for neutrality of Ke locus,except for Bhy,located between L95 and U95,which indicated that as a neutral locus Ke was not affected by the selection;2) some trends on blood potassium gene frequencies in geography distribution were founded that accorded with the classification of east and south of central Asian sheep systems,"Mongolian sheep","Tibetan group" and "South Asia-Southeast Asia group";3) Gst of Ke locus of 16 sheep populations in east and south of central Asian was 0.185?9,which indicated that 81.41% of variations of Ke locus in the 16 populations were caused by genetic polymorphism within populations and only 18.59% due to the difference among populations.Keywords：east and south of central Asia,sheep,potassium phenotypes,genetic differentiation1|1|0<HTML><DownloadPDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：In this paper,we studied the molecular adjuvant effect of IL-2 on DNA vaccine against FMDV VP1(Lactobacillus acidophilus SFMD-1) in swine.Swine IL-2 gene was cloned from mesentery lymph node by RT-PCR method,then it was ligated to eukaryotic expression plasmid pRc/CMV2 to produce pCSIL2.The expression of mRNA was analyzed in transfected PK15 cells by RT-PCR with specific primers.The predicted 429 bp band of IL-2 gene was appeared only in cells transfected with the pCSIL2.Swine were immunized with L.acidophilus SFMD-1 or co-administration with pCSIL2.Anti-FMDV-VP1-specific antibody titers were measured by the indirect ELISA method.Co-delivery with pCSIL2 plasmid was able to enhance both VP1-specific T cell and B cell response.Three weeks post primary immunization,swine vaccinated with L.acidophilus SFMD-1 alone and co-delivery with pCSIL2 groups reached 1.50 and 1.66,and then rose to 1.83 and 2.28 on three weeks of booster,respectively.In the MTT assay,the stimulation index(SI) of L.acidophilus SFMD-1 immunization alone and co-delivery group reached 2.00 and 2.70,respectively.Results clearly demonstrate that co-administration of IL-2 eukaryotic plasmid is a promising strategy for improving immunogenicity and efficacy of FMDV-VP1 DNA vaccine based on Lactobacillus as a carrierl.Keywords：foot-and-mouth disease,DNA immunization,Lactobacillus,plasmid IL-2,gene,swine,molecular adjuvant6|1|0<HTML><DownloadPDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：The objective of this study was to determine the effect of verapamil on the activities of enrifloxacin against enrofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli in-vitro.The minimal inhibitory concentrations(MICs) of enrofloxacin and verapamil on 96 strains of E.coli(including standard O2,O78) were tested with the method of broth two-fold dilution.Then the check-board system was used to determine the fractional inhibitory concentration(FIC) index of enrofloxacin combined with verapamil.The combined sensitivity test indicated that the synergic effect was 26%(20/77),addition effect was 60%(46/77) and indifferent effect was 14%(11/77) of enrofloxacin-risistant E.coli.The indifferent effect was alsoobserved in all enrofloxacin-sensitiv strains(including two standard O2,O78).No antagonistic effect was found in vitro.Verapamil can reduce the resistance of E.coli to enrofloxacin in vitro.The MICs of verapamil against 96 E.coli strains revealed that the efflux pump inhibitor had little effect on the E.coli itself.Keywords：Escherichia coli,enrofloxacin,resistance,verapamil,blocking agent3|1|0<HTML><DownloadPDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Keywords：broilers,pulmonary hypertension syndrome,pulmonary artery,c-jun mRNA,low ambient temperature3|1|0<HTML><DownloadPDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Keywords：derived CNC system,linear motor,noncircular turning,DSP2|1|0<HTML><DownloadPDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：A second-order-sufficient-condition is one of basis for sensitivity analysis of optimization problems.A hypothesis to ensure the tenability of a second-order-sufficient-condition of a linear support vector classifier is presented in the paper,which is a weak one for the solution of a linearly separable support vector classifier must meet it.In addition,the problem of a linear support vector classifier is solved under such a hypothesis.Keywords：support vector classifier,second order sufficient condition,data mining,active constraint,0|1|0<HTML><DownloadPDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：In order to automatically examine external quantity of apples,we put forward a method by use of a digital camera.The digital image of individual apple was obtained and the shape,color and luster of the tested apple were automatically evaluated by the computer digital image processing technique.A digital image processing was adopted to examine whether the quality of tested apples accord with the standard one by comparison.This technique can be used not only in a pipelining of apples' packaging,but also in the similar external quality examination process of agricultural products.Keywords：external quality test of apples,digital image processing,similar circle degree,volume,gray histogram1|1|0<HTML><DownloadPDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：The Hierarchical Data Format,HDF,is a multi-object file format for sharing scientific data in a distributed environment.The file logistic structure of an airborne multi-angle power line inspection system was designed by using HDF and its Application Programming Interface(API).Based on HDF scientific data API,the HDF data interface library was established to create,write and read files of the system.A power line inspection system was developed by integrating the HDF API and the library.The airborne multi-angle power line inspection system adopted a set of libraries with HDF API for easy use of customers.The developing procedure of this system gives a good example for application of HDF data format processing and management of huge amounts of raster image data and attribute data.Keywords：hierarchical data format,API,airborne power line inspection,multi-angle remote sensing0|1|0<HTML><DownloadPDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：A system dynamic model for water resources carrying capacity of(WRCC) in Beijing was developed using the system dynamics method.Total industrial and agricultural production value and urban population were chosen as evaluation indexes of WRCC in this study.The approach is searched to improve WRCC of Beijing based on simulating the dynamic change of WRCC under four various schemes,existing continuation,water saving and reuse,water saving and diversion from other basin and integrated scheme,from the years 2003 to 2020.The calculation result indicates that WRCC under the existing continuation scheme is very weak and can not meet the socio-economic development of Beijing in the future.The carrying capacities of urban population will decrease since the year 2010.Although the industrial and agricultural production values are developing rapidly to wastewater reuse or water diversion from other basin scheme,the carrying capacities of urban population cannot meet the scale of the urban population of Beijing programming.The carrying capacities for the industrial and agricultural production values and the urban population in the year 2020 will reach 1069.86 billion Yuan,67.96 billion Yuan and 17.78 million,respectively,by means of a comprehensive scheme of water saving,waste water reuse and water transfer from other basins.The integrated scheme is the best one for elevating water resources carrying capacity in Beijing.Keywords：water resource,carrying capacity,system dynamic model,Beijing1|1|0<HTML><DownloadPDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Keywords：anaerobic digestion,kitchen waste,grass waste,two-stage,7|1|0<HTML><DownloadPDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：To observe its flow features of a monosized spherical particle assembly,discharge experiments were carried out for three types of configurations: 1) two dimensional(2D) test of a single-layer packing of steel beads within a flat bottomed bin,2) quasi-two dimensional(Q2D) test of a group of glass beads within a transparent rectangular bin,and 3) three dimensional(3D) test of a group of glass beads within a semi-cylindrical bin.The experimental results demonstrate that a 2D packing of isodiametric particles leads to distortional flow due to'microcrystallities',while the quasi-two dimensional arrangement(Q2D) with a thickness of several particle diameters and the three dimensional arrangement(3D) effectively avoid the distortion.The test with a transparent semi-cylindrical bin reveal the flow features of the real cylindrical bin well in a visualized way.So a Q2D or a semi-cylindrical simplified configuration is available for the model test of pebble flow in the core of a high temperature reactor or for similar discrete element simulation.Keywords：particle,pebble flow,model test,bin,discrete element method1|1|0<HTML><DownloadPDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
