Issue Ebookcover storyIssue CoverIssue Contents
List of IssuesDocument Types
- Abstract：To explore the effects of different organic materials returning to the field on soil nitrogen conversion and utilization, a field positioning experiment was conducted with chemical fertilizer(CF)as the control at different growth stages of summer maize season. The changes of soil total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, microbial biomass nitrogen and maize yield after straw(ST), pig manure(PM)and biogas residue(BR)returning to the field were investigated. The net mineralization rate of soil nitrogen was measured by indoor culturing. The results showed that: Applying three kinds of organic materials could increase soil total nitrogen content in different degrees, and the soil total nitrogen contents in PM, BR and ST treatments were 16. 62%, 9. 14% and 8. 60% higher than CF treatments at maturity stage, respectively. In terms of the nitrogen form, PM treatment could increase soil nitrate nitrogen content by 37. 05% and 75. 86% at flowering stage and maturity stage, respectively. BR treatment could increase soil ammonium nitrogen content, which increased by 16. 83% in the whole maize growth period. All the three kinds of organic materials increased the soil microbial biomass nitrogen, and they were 15. 76%, 14. 84% and 17. 85% higher in ST, PM and BR treatments than in CF treatment on average. In terms of soil nitrogen mineralization rate of different organic materials returning to the field, PM and BR treatments significantly increased the soil nitrogen mineralization rate, which was 33. 53% and 12. 93% higher than that in CF, respectively. ST treatment had the lowest soil nitrogen mineralization rate(0. 03-1. 06 mg/(kg·d)). In terms of yield and N uptake, the yield of maize of PM treatment increased by 8. 10% compared with ST treatment, and N uptake efficiency of both PM and BR was significantly higher than that of CF and ST. Returning of the three kinds of organic materials to the field all increased soil total nitrogen level, but there were differences in soil nitrogen form and nitrogen mineralization rate. Among the three organic treatments, biogas residue treatment was the most beneficial for increasing soil mineral nitrogen content, pig manure treatment was the best for promoting soil nitrogen mineralization, and straw significantly reduced soil nitrogen mineralization. In conclusion, returning pig manure and biogas residue to the field was superior to straw in improving soil nitrogen supply capacity, promoting nitrogen mineralization and nitrogen uptake, and pig manure returning to the field was beneficial to improve maize yield.Keywords：straw returning;pig manure returning;biogas residue returning;nitrogen form;nitrogen mineralization2|12|4<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：To explore the candidate genes controlling kernel volume and kernel weight in sweet corn, an association panel containing 209 inbred lines was constructed. The kernel volume and kernel weight of sweet corn were measured and combined with 9. 8 million SNP markers obtained from whole genome denovo sequencing. GLM model was used for genome-wide association analysis. The results showed that: The kernel volume ranged from 0. 06 to 0. 15 mL, showing the change of 2. 5 fold, while kernel weight ranged from 0. 08 to 0. 17 g, showing the change of 2. 1 fold. Both of the traits exhibited normal distribution in the population. A total of fifteen significant SNPs were detected, which could explain the 55. 7% and 52. 1% of the phenotypic variation in kernel volume and kernel weight, respectively. Among them, four SNPs were overlapped with reported QTLs in field corn, and the remaining eleven SNPs were newly identified. Most of the candidate genes were transcription factors or other regulatory genes based on gene annotation. In addition, Br2 (brachytic2)was significantly associated with both kernel volume and weight in this study. Sweet corn lines with enhanced Br2 expression exhibited improvement of kernel volume and weight.5|8|1<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：In order to identify the species of root-lesion nematodes in maize rhizosphere soil samples collected in Hebi and Jiaozuo in Northern Henan, the modified Baermann funnel method was adopted to isolate the root-lesion nematodes from the collected soil samples, morphological identification was performed by optical microscope, and based on the sequence of rDNA 28S D2-D3 region and rDNA-ITS region, the collected root-lesion nematodes were identified. The results of both morphological and molecular identification showed that HB-1 population from Hebi City was P. scribneri, and JZ-257 population from Jiaozuo City was P. neglectus. The phylogenetic tree constructed based on the sequences of rDNA 28S D2-D3 region and rDNA-ITS region showed that the two species were in the same highly supported clads as other P. scribneri and P. neglectus in GenBank database, respectively. The results of this study provided a scientific basis for the identification and control of corn root-lesion nematodes disease.Keywords：northern Henan;summer maize;root-lesion nematodes;morphological identification;molecular identification5|9|1<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：In order to determine the effects of winter wheat cultivar resistance, the timing and times to apply fungicide on Fusarium head blight disease index(DI), thousand-grain weight(TGW)and the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol(DON), field experiments were conducted in Suizhou, Hubei Province from 2016 to 2018. This study integrated six different of cultivar resistance(Zhengmai 9023, Emai 006, Emai 170, Xiangmai 35, Emai DH 16 and Ningmai 13)and the application of the fungicide 430 g/L tebuconazole at anthesis and six days after anthesis were evaluated for their efficacy against FHB disease index, deoxynivalenol(DON)toxin content and TGW. The results showed: The effect of cultivar on FHB index was highly significant(P<0. 000 1), while cultivar×fungicide interaction had no significant difference(P>0. 05)for TGW in the two-year field trials. Index and DON had no significant difference in moderately resistant cultivars treated with the fungicide 430 g/L tebuconazole at anthesis or six days after anthesis. The results from this study indicated that fungicide efficacy in reducing FHB and DON was greater in moderately resistant cultivars than moderately insusceptible ones(P<0. 05). Taken together, these findings demonstrated the benefits of combining genetic resistance with tebuconazole treatment to manage FHB, tebuconazole was applied at early anthesis or 6 days after early anthesis, respectively.Keywords：Fusarium head blight;cultivar resistance;fungicide application;DON7|9|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：In order to explore the mechanism of the elevated CO2 concentration on foxtail millet under drought stress, two CO2 concentrations(field concentrations about 400 μmol/mol and elevated CO2 concentrations: 600 μmol/mol)and two water treatments(normal water supply and drought treatment)were set up in this study. The photosynthetic capacity, photosynthetic pigment accumulation, chlorophyll fluorescence, antioxidant enzymes, osmotic adjustment substances, hormones, signal transduction related protein kinase and stress-related gene expression of foxtail millet at booting stage were measured. The results showed that: The water use efficiency(WUE), net photosynthetic rate(Pn), carotenoids content(Car)and the ratio of carotenoids to chlorophyll(Car/Tolal Chl ratio)of foxtail millet leaves were significantly increased with elevated CO2 concentration(600 μmol/mol)under drought stress; The photochemical quenching coefficient(qP)and non photochemical quenching coefficient(NPQ)were also significantly increased, while the transpiration rate(Tr)was significantly decreased. The contents of soluble sugar and heat shock protein(HSP-70), the contents of proline(Pro)and abscisic acid(ABA)and their gene expression were significantly increased with elevated CO2 concentration(600 μmol/mol)under drought stress. Elevated CO2 concentration(600 μmol/mol)significantly increased the contents of mitogen protein kinase(MAPK)and related gene expression under drought stress, and also significantly increased the activities of catalase(CAT)and glutathione-S-transferase(GST). In conclusion, elevated CO2 concentration(600 μmol/mol)could improve the drought resistance of foxtail millet by alleviating the decrease of stomatal conductance and water use efficiency of foxtail millet leaves under drought stress, improving the osmotic adjustment and signal transduction ability of foxtail millet, and promoting the expression of drought-related genes.Keywords：elevated CO;2;concentration;drought;foxtail millet;chlorophyll fluorescence;oxidative stress;signal transduction;plant hormone1|8|3<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：To explore the yield formation characteristics of foxtail millet in North China's summer valley area, foxtail millet cultivar ‘Yugu 18' was used as the control(CK), and the photosynthetic performance, dry matter accumulation and transport, and grain filling characteristics of three different foxtail millet cultivars/lines ‘S 410', ‘Yugu 35' and ‘Zhangza 13' were determined during different reproductive stages. The results showed that: 1)There were significant differences in yield among different genotypes of foxtail millet cultivars. The yield, 1 000-grain weight, grain emergence rate and number of harvested ears of the curved medium-ear type ‘Yugu 35' were 0. 35%, 0. 31%, 0. 80% and 5. 40%. higher than those of ‘Yugu 18'(CK), respectively. 2)The net photosynthetic rate(Pn)of flag leaves in the grain-filling stage from high to low is ‘Yugu 35'>‘Yugu 18'(CK)>‘Zhangza 13'>‘S 410'; the photosynthetic capacity of canopy at the filling stage was the highest in ‘Yugu 35', followed by ‘Yugu 18' and ‘Zhangza 13', and the lowest in ‘S 410'. During jointing stage to the mature stage, the net photosynthetic rate(Pn), stomatal conductance(Gs), intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci)and the transpiration rate(Tr)in descending order was flowering>joining>grain>maturity. 3)The accumulation, transfer, transport rate and harvest index of dry matter after flowering were the highest in ‘Yugu 35', which were 16. 45%, 17. 40%, 17. 17% and 7. 31% higher than CK, respectively. 4)The grain-filling duration, the maximum grain-filling rate and the active grain-filling period in different parts lasted from high to low was upper>lower>middle; The average grain filling rates of curved middle ear cultivars ‘Yugu 35' were 0. 42 and 0. 46 g/(1 000 grains·d), respectively, and both were higher than those of the curved large panicle ‘Zhangza 13'(0. 29 g/(1 000 grains·d))and erect spikelet ‘S 410'(0. 33 g/(1 000 grains·d)). 5)Correlation analysis showed that yield was significantly positively correlated with Pn, and extremely significantly positively correlated with post-flowering dry matter accumulation and transport rate. In conclution, foxtail millet breeding in North China should select higher post-anthesis dry matter accumulation, dry matter transfer and dry matter transfer rate, higher photosynthetic rate and canopy photosynthetic capacity, and relatively high grain filling rate bending medium-spike cultivar and it is one of the effective ways to achieve high quality and high yield of foxtail millet.Keywords：foxtail millet;photosynthetic characteristics;dry matter accumulation and transport;grain filling;yield11|8|4<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：High heterogeneity of crop and semi-natural habitat benefit farmland landscape heterogeneity. To clarify the characteristics of diversified crop planting from the perspective of farmland landscape heterogeneity, this study was conducted to quantify the impacts of crop area on farmland landscape compositional heterogeneity, fragmentation, and configurational heterogeneity. Several 1 km2 landscape samples contained 45% to 95% of crops were selected from the interpreted remote sensing images, and a total of fourteen landscape classes containing land use type and cropping patterns were identified. Landscape pattern metrics were used to describe landscape heterogeneity. The results indicated that the average proportions of crop area and semi-natural habitats area were 53. 09% and 21. 55%, respectively, presenting high crop amount and low semi-natural habitat proportion characteristics. From the perspective of farmland landscape, when the proportion of crop area increased from 45% to 95%, the Shannons diversity index, patch density and split index decreased significantly(P<0. 05). From the perspective of the wheat-maize double cropping patches, the increasing in crop area of farmland landscape led to significantly increase in wheat-maize area, and the number of patches and split index. decreased. In conclusion, decreasing the crop area and making full use of small-scale fields will be effective in constructing a more heterogeneous farmland landscape, while mechanization and large-scale production decreased heterogeneity in North China Plain.Keywords：proportion of crop area;farmland landscape;heterogeneity;landscape pattern metrics4|13|1<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：The aims of this study were to explore the changes of substrate properties and the driving factors affecting bacterial community structure and metabolism changes after respectively mixing peat and vermicompost with biochar, and provide a theoretical basis for the utilization of biochar in soilless culture. Taking cucumber as the research object, four treatments, peat, ‘peat+biochar', vermicompost, and ‘vermicompost + biochar', were designed, and cucumber was cultivated for two consecutive crops. Single-factor and multi-factor analysis of variance and redundancy analysis were used to explore the mechanism of changes in matrix nutrients and bacterial community structure after mixing vermicompost or peat with biochar, respectively. The results showed that: 1)Compared with vermicompost and peat, the single fruit weight of cucumbers in ‘peat+biochar' and ‘vermicompost+biochar' increased significantly in autumn stubble. 2)In autumn and spring stubble, the bulk density of ‘vermicompost+biochar' was lower than that of the vermicompost. Compared with peat and vermicompost, the total nitrogen and organic matter contents of ‘peat+biochar' and ‘vermicompost+biochar' increased. 3)Compared with peat, the bacterial community diversity, richness and evenness increased in the ‘peat+biochar' treatment of the autumn stubble. Different substrates and different stubble had significant interaction effects on the substrate nutrients and bacterial community composition diversity. 4)The redundancy analysis between bacterial phylum level and substrate environmental factors found that the organic matter content, the total nitrogen level and bulk density in the substrate were the key drivers of bacterial community structure and diversity changes. In conclusion, tmixing peat or vermicompost with biochar can improve the substrate nutrients and increase the abundance and diversity of peat bacterial communities.Keywords：sbiochar;earthworm manure;peat;microbial community diversity;metabolism7|12|10<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：In order to isolate and identify the pathogenic fungi causing rot peach, and screen effective fungicides, a total of 40 ‘Wanhujing' honey peach fruits with typical rot symptoms in a peach orchard in Yangshan Town were sampled and used as the diseased materials in this study. The morphological and molecular biological identification, pathogenicity determination were preforme, and the effects of four fungicides were analysed. The results showed that: Combining the morphological characteristics, rDNA-ITS sequence analysis and the results of the re-inoculation experiment of pathogenic fungi, 48 strains were identified as Geotrichum candidum(alias Galactomyces candidus)and 3 strains identified as Gilbertella persicaria. The fungicide screening results showed that oxine-copper and mancozeb had the best inhibitory effect on the growth of G. candidum, 1 000 fold dilution of 33. 5% oxine-copper suspension concentrate or 80% mancozeb soluble powder were completely inhibited the growth of the mycelium. The inhibitory effect of 50% thiophanate-methyl or 30% difenoconazole suspension concentrate(×1 000 dilutions)were less than 65. 0%; In addition, the 33. 5% oxine-copper suspension concentrate(×1 000 dilutions)was the best fungicide inhibiting G. persicaria growth, whose inhibitory rate reached 86. 4%, while the inhibitory rate of the other three fungicides was less than 65. 0%. Above all, oxine-copper suspension concentrate(×1 000 dilutions)can both effectively inhibit the growth of G. candidum and G. persicaria, and it may be used to prevent the rot disease of honey peach during the ripening stage in Yangshan.Keywords：honey peach;Geotrichum candidum;Gilbertella persicaria;fungicides2|9|3<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：In order to investigate the eco-economic comprehensive benefit and sustainable development capacity of “grape-Ganoderma lucidum” compound system, based on the emergy analysis method, the emergy input and output of “grape-Ganoderma lucidum” compound system and grape monoculture system were analyzed from three prospectives, e. g. , material flow, energy stream and monetary stream. The results showed that: compared with those of mono-cropping(Mode M), the net emergy yield ratio of the “grape-Ganoderma lucidum” compound system(head unbagged)(Mode C1)and full unbagged(Mode C2)was increased by 31. 48% and 34. 72%, respectively; their emergy investment ratio and output-input ratio of emergy-monetary were increased 0. 95 and 0. 90 times, 0. 31 and 0. 35 times, respectively; their emergy self-sufficiency ratio and environmental loading ratio reduced by 47. 42% and 46. 15%, 57. 98% and 56. 75%, respectively; the renewable emergy ratio and emergy sustainable indices were increased by 24. 69% and 24. 03%, 2. 13 and 2. 11 times. Moreover, the net emergy yield ratio of Mode C1 was reduced by 2. 41%, and the emergy sustainable indices were increased by 0. 46% compared with Mode C2. In conclusion, the “grape-Ganoderma lucidum” compound system displayed stronger economic vitality, less environmental pressure and stronger sustainability. The ecological economic benefits and sustainable development were greatly improved by selecting suitable edible fungi for intercropping in the grape vineyards with higher management level.Keywords：emergy-analysis;efficiency of system;sustainability assessment;compound system5|8|2<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：In view of the problems of lacking growth model and visualization of growth characteristics in the research on intelligent agriculture and plant phenotype, this study uses the fourth-order polynomial model(Ploy4), two-scale automata technology and GreenScilab simulation tool to analyze the structural and functional characteristics of lettuce. The results showed that: 1)The leaves of lettuce grew in a Y-shaped upward rotation and progressed at an interval angle; 2)Among the three growth models used to fit the data of leaf length and leaf width of lettuce, the fitting effect of Ploy4 was better, and the determination coefficient of each leaf was more than 0. 99; 3)The structural and functional characteristics of lettuce were visualized by using two-scale automata technology and GreenScilab simulation tool, and the results displayed sensory similarity. In conclusion, the use of Ploy4 two-scale automata and GreenScilab simulation tool can provide an effective means for the visual management of lettuce and vegetable growth in plant factories.Keywords：lettuce;structure function model;two scale automata;greenscilab simulation tool;recovery time estimation9|10|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：To explore the relationship between the growth and development of male ICR mice of different generations and their intestinal microorganisms, the composition of microbial diversity in male ICR mice of F0 to F3 generations by sequencing the V3-V4 region of 16SrRNA gene was analyzed. The results showed that: 1)From F0 to F3 generations, the observed species index, Chao1 index and Shannon index significantly decreased with generation accumulation, but there was no significant difference in Simpson index(P>0. 05). 2)The two dominant bacteria phyla detected in all groups were Firmicutes(83. 3%, 79. 0%, 81. 8% and 90. 3% in F0, F1, F2 and F3 group)and Bacteroidetes(6. 0%, 5. 1%, 4. 0% and 3. 2% in F0, F1, F2 and F3 groups, respectively). 3)The dominant genera of Lactobacillus in F0, F1 and F2 groups were all Lactobacillus (83. 1%, 62. 8% and 38. 2% in F0, F1 and F2 groups, respectively). However, some unidentified genera of mice in F3 generation accounted for a relatively high proportion, accounting for 45. 3%. 4)At the genus level, the abundance of lactic acid bacteria in each group decreased significantly with the accumulation of generations(P<0. 05). In addition, this study predicted the KEGG differential metabolic pathway of different bacteria, glyoxalase metabolic insulin signaling pathway, the phenylalanine, tryptophan and tyrosine biosynthesis pathways, terpenoid biosynthesis pathways, peptidoglycan biosynthesis and glycolysis gluconeogenesis were significantly decreased in the F3 generation, indicating that several basic metabolic pathways such as amino acid synthesis and carbohydrate metabolism were impaired in the F3 generation. In summary, the changes of intestinal microbiota in ICR mice after passage were discovered based on microbial 16SrRNA sequencing technology. It was found that the microbial diversity decreased, with no significant changes in the dominant bacteria from F0 to F2 generations, but there were more confirmed classification bacteria in F3 generations, and the abundance of lactic acid bacteria in each group at the genus level decreased significantly with the accumulation of generations, and several basic metabolic pathways such as amino acid synthesis and sugar metabolism were affected in F3 generations. This study provided insights into explain the causes of low body weight in ICR mice generation accumulation from the perspective of host-microbe interactions.Keywords：gut microbes;ICR male mice;16S rRNA sequencing;prediction of KEGG metabolic pathway14|10|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：To explore the role of chi-miR-107-3p and its related genes in the skin and hair follicle during hair follicle cycle and in different photoperiod and cashmere goats strains, the dorsal lateral skin tissues of Alashan cashmere goats(seasonal cashmere)and Mingai cashmere goats(perennial cashmere)were collected in the hair follicle rest period(April), pre-prosperity period(July), prosperity period(September)and degenerative period(January). The tissue morphology was compared and the expressions levels of chi-miR-107-3p, and mRNA of ADCK5, DSBC1, ARSA, FMAP4, RHBDF2 and ALDH3A2 were detected by real-time PCR. The results showed: 1)The morphological characteristics of hair follicles of the two cashmere goat strains were basically the same, but the growth patterns were different; 2)The expression levels of chi-miR-107-3p and RHBDF2 genes in different hair follicle cycles showed an opposite trend between two strains. In the early stage of secondary hair follicle reconstruction, the expression of chi-miR-107-3p was high, while the RHBDF2 was very low. With the completion of secondary hair follicle reconstruction, the expression of chi-miR-107-3p decreased significantly, and the expression of RHBDF2 increased gradually. Until the degenerative stage, the expression of chi-miR-107-3p started to increase gradually, while the expression of RHBDF2 gene gradually decreased. In the resting stage, the expression of chi-miR-107-3p reached to its maximum, and the expression of RHBDF2 was the lowest. It was speculated that chi-miR-107-3p may negatively regulate the expression of RHBDF2 gene; 3)Correlation analysis showed that the expression levels of chi-miR-107-3p and RHBDF2 genes were significantly correlated with skin and hair follicle traits(P<0. 05), indicating that chi-miR-107-3p and RHBDF2 genes were important factors affecting the growth and development of skin and hair follicles in cashmere goat; 4)The expression level of ALDH3A2 gene decreased gradually from telogen to anagen, and increased gradually from catagen to telogen. ALDH3A2 gene was significantly correlated with skin and hair follicle traits(P<0. 05), indicating that high expression of ALDH3A2 may inhibit the growth and development of skin hair follicles in two strains, and was important in regulating that process. In addition, other genes had no effect on the growth and development of cashmere goat skin. This study confirmed that cashmere growth and development is inseparable from the regulation of miRNA and its related genes, and provided references for further research on the molecular mechanism of hair follicle development and a theoretical basis for the actual production of cashmere production.Keywords：Cashmere goat;tissue morphology;fluorescence quantification;chi-miR-107-3p2|10|1<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：In order to establish the canine drug biopharmaceutical classification system(BCS), the physiological parameters of canine gastrointestinal tract(GI)were measured by rectal temperature measurement and in-situ pH measurement methods, and the solubility test conditions were established. The in-situ intestinal perfusion technique was used to establish the drug permeability detection method, and the solubility and permeability of seven model drugs were determined and classified. The results showed that: 1)The determination condition of drug solubility is that the highest single-dose drug can be completely dissolved in aqueous buffer within the range of pH 3. 0-8. 0 at 38. 5 ℃. 2)The Do calculation results showed that ampicillin, lincomycin and lomefloxacin hydrochloride were classified as high solubility drugs, while amoxicillin, doxycycline and digoxin were classified as low solubility drugs. 3)The effective permeability(Peff)of metoprolol in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum were 1. 45×10-4, 1. 05×10-4 and 1. 18×10-4 cm/s, respectively. And their absorption fractions(Fa)were all greater than 85 % and were not affected by pH, indicating that the drug can be used as the boundary of permeability classification. 4)According to the measurement results of solubility and permeability, seven model drugs were classified by BCS. Metoprolol was divided into Class 1, doxycycline and digoxin were divided into Class 2, ampicillin, lincomycin and lomefloxacin hydrochloride were divided into Class 3, and amoxicillin was divided into Class 4. In conclusion, this study preliminarily determined the conditions for the determination of solubility and permeability of canine drugs, and provided data support for the establishment of BCS classification system for canine drugs.Keywords：biopharmaceutics classification system;dogs;solubility;permeability;metoprolol2|11|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：To understand the application of weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA)in domestic animal research, the relevant literature about the application of WGCNA methods in cattle, sheep/goat, pigs, poultry and other domestic animals in recent years has been collated and analyzed. The general analysis flow and strategy of WGCNA method application and the research status of domestic animals WGCNA are summarized. The results show that: WGCNA is a systemic biology method, which can analyze the high-throughput data such as transcriptome, proteome, metabolic group, DNA methylation, single-cell transcriptome, explore the expression pattern of intermolecular regulation, and identify key regulatory factors. In the study of domestic animals, WGCNA method has been widely used to mine the dominant functional factors of complex traits, such as growth traits, reproductive traits, disease resistance traits, quality traits and so on. In summary, WGCNA method has a strong advantage in analyzing combinatorial data, and can provide help for mining important economic traits of domestic animals and elucidating the biological mechanism of traits.Keywords：WGCNA;network analysis;high throughput sequencing;domestic animals1|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：In order to improve the accuracy of discrete element numerical simulation parameters in the process of dedusting corn straw feed, a method combining physical experiment and numericaulation parameters of screened corn straw feed. The contact parameters between straw and dust measured by physical tests were used as the basis for the selection of numerical simulation parameters. Plackett-Burman test, steepest climbing test and Box-Behnken test were used to determine the most significant factors affecting the angle of repose of numerical simulation. Taking repose angle(41. 668°)and dust removal rate of standard sieve(13. 24%)obtained by physical experiment as target values, the significance parameters were optimized. The numerical simulation of repose angle and dust removal rate of standard sieve was carried out by using the optimal parameter combination to verify the accuracy of numerical simulation of calibration parameter combination. The results show that the significant factors affecting the numerical simulation rest angle are the surface energy of dust contact model JKR, dust-dust recovery coefficient, and dust-dust rolling friction factor. The optimal parameter combination was obtained as follows: dust contact model JKR surface energy 9. 052 J/m2, dust-dust recovery coefficient 0. 52 and dust-dust rolling friction factor 0. 182. The relative error between the numerical simulation repose angle and the physical test repose angle is 1. 26%, and the relative error between the numerical simulation dust removal rate and the standard sieve physical test dust removal rate is 7. 93%.Keywords：corn straw;dust;screen out;numerical simulation;discrete element;parameter calibration6|11|2<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：In order to solve the problem of low precision planting efficiency of flax in the arid area of Northwest China, a flax seed with the functions of fertilization, drip irrigation, plastic film mulching, soil mulching and hole sowing was designed. According to the requirements of agronomic planting, the operation analysis and theoretical calculation of the key components of the whole machine were performed, and some structures and operation parameters of sowing device and film mulching device were determined. In order to improve the precision and stability of the roller hole seeder, the length of the introduction trough, the rotational speed of the hole seeder and the cross section height of the seed spoon were taken as the influencing factors. The consistency variation coefficient of discharge and the qualified index of the number of grains in the hole were taken as the experimental index. The bench test of three factors and three levels of flax sowing was carried out, and the field verification experiment was conducted. The results of bench test show that: When the length of introduction trough is 31 mm, the rotational speed of hole seeder is 25 r/min, and the cross section height of seed spoon is 5 mm, the consistency variation coefficient of hole seeder discharge and the qualified index of hole grain number are 1. 57% and 97. 54%, respectively. The field verification test results show that under the same conditions, the row discharge consistency variation coefficient and hole grain number qualified index of flax combined seed are 3. 85% and 93. 33%, respectively, which are close to the results of bench test. Therefore, the flax combined seeder designed in this study can meet the agronomic requirements of flax planting in the arid area of Northwest China.Keywords：flax;seeder;design;performance experiment3|8|2<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：Aiming at the SDG11 oriented ‘Sustainable City and Community' target and the internal needs of urban physical examination and unified governance of national land space in China, a sustainable management research from the perspective of urban complex systems is carried out in this study. On the basis of systematic discrimination and sorting of the related urban sustainability concepts, this study attempts to identify the subject of urban system co-evolution and construct the theoretical framework of multi-scale urban sustainable management by referring to the theories of social-ecological system, vulnerability/resilience analysis, and urban land system transformation. The results show that: The framework is driven by the interaction between human and land, and the urban landscape structure and land use transformation are taken as the ‘bridge' connecting the feedback network of social-ecological subsystems. The multi-stable pathways of the sustainable evolution of the urban system through the pattern and process of social-economic-ecological multi-dimensional spatio-temporal coupling are characterized. This proposed framework integrated the coupled human-nature systems at multiple scales, as well as various feedback relationships within each subsystems, thus leading an improved understanding of complex and adaptive urban social-ecological networks. Finally, combining with the urban sustainable scientific research and management in China, and based on the proposed theoretical framework, the urgent scientific research issues and management practices that need to be carried out for city sustainable development in future are suggested.Keywords：urban complex system;social-ecological system;sustainable management framework;multi-scale3|8|3<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：In order to evaluate the importance of ecological protection under the spatial planning in the eastern part of Inner Mongolia, based on the characteristics of resource endowments and the actual situation of social and economic development of Xing'an League, an evaluation index system was constructed for the importance of ecological protection of Xing'an League. The importance of integrated ecosystem service functions and ecological protection vulnerability were integrated to classify the importance level of ecological protection in Xing'an League. The results show that: 1)The total area of the extremely important area of ecological protection in Xing'an League is 27 986. 88 km2, accounting for 50. 75% of the total area of the whole league; 2)The spatial differences of the importance of ecological protection in Xing'an League is obvious, and the high value area and the higher value area are mainly distributed in the northwest of the alliance, arshan and major national protected areas, while the lower value area is mainly distributed in the hilly and grassland areas in the central and southern region; 3)The water and soil conservation function and water conservation function are of great value to the ecological protection of Xing'an league. This study can provide a scientific basis for the delineation of ecological protection redlines, ecological space delineation, and land spatial planning and preparation of green ecological environmental protection barriers.Keywords：ecological protection;ecosystem services;ecological fragility;territorial and spatial planning;Xing'an League6|11|4<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：Ecological network construction can reduce the patch fragmentation caused by rapid urbanization, help to increase network connectivity, and improve regional ecological stability. This study chooses Quzhou County, Hebei Province as the research object, uses morphological spatial pattern analysis(MSPA)and minimum cumulative resistance model(MCR)to construct the ecological network. Ecological corridors are classified based on gravity model and the study compares the network structure index before and after optimization to quantitatively investigate the optimization effect. The results show that: 1)Quzhou County has nine ecological sources, which are mainly distributed around the central county and the northeast forest farm, unevenly distributed ecological corridor and simple ecological network structure. 2)The optimization measures mainly include adding three new ecological sources, supplementing five stepping stones, dividing corridors into seven important corridors, fifteen construction corridors and eight planning corridors, constructing five water corridors, focusing on protecting twenty seven ecological nodes and repairing twelve ecological discontinuities. After optimization, the connectivity and ring connectivity of Quzhou County's ecological network are greatly improved. 3)Construction area affects the construction feasibility of ecological corridors and the ecological corridors with high interaction force have high construction feasibility. Finally, the ecological structure of Quzhou County is optimized from both internal and external aspects of network structure and construction, and the ecological structure layout of “two axes, three areas, four corridors and multiple points” is put forward. This study can provide a reference for improving the ecological protection effect of Quzhou County and even the construction of ecological network in North China Plain.Keywords：ecological network;morphological spatial pattern analysis;minimum cumulative resistance model;Quzhou County7|8|8<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：In order to understand the spatiotemporal status and causes of urban-rural coordination development in China, the study uses coordination model, Dagum Gini coefficient and its decomposition, Kernel density estimation method and geographical detector to investigate the spatiotemporal differences and influencing factors of urban-rural coordination development in China based on the provincial data from 2006 to 2020. The results show that: The degree of urban-rural coordination development in China's provinces continues to grow, and the overall internal difference shows a narrowing trend. Inter-regional differences constitute the main source of differences. Inter-regional differences and intra-regional differences tend to shrink over time. The dispersion degree of urban-rural coordinated development in each region tends to decline, but there are different differentiation trends. The degree of urban-rural coordination development is related to urbanization level, industrial structure upgrading, marketization degree, transportation infrastructure, scientific and technological innovation ability and environmental regulation. The influence of interaction between factors is greater than that of single factor and there are time-varying characteristics. To promote the coordinated development of urban and rural areas, it is necessary to improve the system and mechanism conducive to the rational allocation of urban and rural elements, optimize the driving system of regional coordinated urban and rural development according to local and industrial conditions, and build an urban-rural development community.Keywords：urban-rural coordination development;spatiotemporal difference;geographical detectors;influencing factors3|8|1<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：In order to analyze the relationship between social network and farmers' excessive application of chemical fertilizer, the field survey data of 741 corn farmers of the three provinces in Northeast China is used, and theoretical analysis framework between social network, environmental literacy and excessive application of chemical fertilizer is built. Bootstrap multiple mediating effect test method is adopted to investigate the mediating effect of environmental literacy and explore the mechanism of social network inhibiting farmers' excessive application of chemical fertilizer. The results show that: 1)The impact of social network on farmers' excessive application of chemical fertilizer includes direct negative impact and indirect negative impact through environmental literacy. 2)Social network has a significant positive impact on environmental knowledge, environmental skills, environmental cognition and environmental attitude, but only environmental skills, environmental cognition and environmental attitude can significantly inhibit farmers' excessive application of chemical fertilizer. 3)Social network can restrain farmers' excessive application of chemical fertilizer by improving environmental skills, enhancing environmental awareness and changing environmental attitudes. The mediating inhibitory effect of environmental skills is the strongest, while the mediating inhibitory effect of environmental knowledge is not significant. Therefore, strengthening the construction of rural social network, changing the content and form of agricultural technology training, and increasing the publicity of agricultural ecological protection are of great significance to enhance farmers' awareness of chemical reduction and promote the high-quality development of agriculture.Keywords：social network;environmental literacy;excessive application of chemical fertilizer;mediating effect1|10|12<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：Aimed at the fluctuation rising trend of China's mutton price from 2000 to 2020, HEGY seasonal integration test and FDSD seasonal model are used to identify the seasonal volatility feature of mutton price. SVAR model and FEVD and IRF tools are used to analyze the shock effect of substitute price on mutton price. The results show that: 1)The fluctuation of China's mutton price is generated by the process of deterministic seasonality and integral trend. Mutton price rises in autumn and winter and falls in spring and summer with the extreme values of rise and fall appearing around the Spring Festival, which is mainly caused by the temperature factor and festival effect. 2)The current transmission elasticity of pork, live chicken and beef prices to mutton price are 0. 010, 0. 038 and 0. 634, respectively. 3)The relative contribution of pork, live chicken and beef prices to the volatility of mutton price are 16. 4%, 5. 9% and 31. 2%. 4)In terms of time, the short-term price shock of substitute on mutton is obvious, but the long-term relationship between mutton and substitute is stable. 5)In terms of variety, beef and pork have obvious substitution relationships for mutton, but the characteristics of them are different. The response of mutton price to beef price shock is high, with a fast decay rate at the same time, while the response to pork price shock is long-lasting. The inherent seasonal consumption law makes the China's mutton price fluctuate periodically, and the strong current demand substitution causes the significant shock effect of pork and beef prices on mutton price.Keywords：mutton price;seasonal volatility;substitute price shock;HEGY test;SVAR model5|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：In order to explore the influence of customer perceived product information contained in online review data on the accuracy of fresh product demand prediction, based on the large amount of review data of a fresh product e-commerce platform, web crawler technology and Word2vec model are used to build a product feature database, extract the main factors influencing demand forecast, and quantify the influencing factors based on the product feature database to classify the review text. A multi-variable SVR demand forecast mode is then constructed and the particle swarm algorithm is adopted to optimize the main parameters of the SVR model. On this basis, an empirical analysis and verification is carried out. The results show that: 1)The Word2vec model can mine the product features that consumers pay attention to in online review data, and the influencing factors on consumer perception for demand forecasting can be extracted effectively. 2)Compared with the univariate SVR model, the multivariate SVR with customer perception factors added has smaller error in predicting product demand. In conclusion, using customer perception factors in online reviews to establish the multivariate SVR demand forecasting model can improve the accuracy of fresh product demand forecasting effectively.Keywords：fresh products;online reviews;customer perception;multivariate SVR;demand forecasting0|9|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：In order to explore the intrinsic association between farmer cooperative membership and the improvement of farmers' agricultural quality control behaviors, based on the survey data of 985 vegetable and fruit growing households in Shandong Province, this study utilizes the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)method to measure the agri-food quality control behaviors of surveyed farmers. Then this study uses the endogenous switching model(ESP)and the mediating effect model to analyze the effectiveness of cooperative in promoting Agri-food quality control behaviors. The results show that: Cooperative membership can help farmers to promote their Agri-food quality control behaviors. At the same time, cooperatives with their own agri-food brands pay greater attention to participation in farmers' quality control behaviors. Furthermore, training in production management can play an intermediate role in promoting cooperatives to improve agri-food quality control behaviors, However, the intermediate effects on quality control behaviors of unlisted co-operatives are not significant. Finally, some policy suggestions, such as encouraging and guiding cooperatives to carry out the brand operation of agri-food, attaching importance to the supply of social services like cooperative process management training service, are put forward in this study.Keywords：rural cooperative;production process training;quality control behavior of agri-food;endogenous switching regression model;agri-food branding6|8|2<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
- Abstract：In order to find out whether China has the conditions to become a “world agricultural science center”, the three foundations that China already has in building a world agricultural science center are analyzed and demonstrated by using typical information science methods. The three foundations are as follows: First, agriculture is the foundation and top priority of China's development, which has laid the “national foundation” for China to develop into the world agricultural science center; Second, China's agricultural science and technology has made great development and progress in depth, breadth, innovation and agricultural talent training, which has laid a “science and technology foundation” for China's development into a world agricultural science center; Third, “the Belt and aRoad” and “Aid Project for Africa” provide necessary experiences and international influences for our country to become the world agricultural science center. At the same time, the idea of constructing the community of human destiny and the “Big Science Plan” and “Big Science Project” will provide ideal guidance and action for our country to become the world agricultural science and technology center. This has laid an “international foundation” for China to develop into a world agricultural science center. This study also discusses the follow-up measures to promote the construction of the world agricultural science center in China.Keywords：world centre for agricultural sciences;“national foundation”;“science and technology foundation”;“international foundation”3|8|1<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2023-12-22
