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- Abstract：In order to study the mechanism of coronatine (COR) regulating internode elongation and yield increased in maize,a field experiment using maize varieties ‘Xianyu 335’ and ‘Zhengdan 958’ as study objects was conducted to analysis the effects of spraying COR with different concentrations (0,0.01,0.10,1.00 and 10.00 μmol/L) at elongation stage on the morphological,structural substance,breaking resistance,and root traits of maize basal internode.The results showed that COR significantly increased the diameter,dry weight per unit internode length,breaking resistance,hemicellulose concentration,cellulose concentration,and lignin concentration,but remarkably decreased the length and dry weight of basal internode.The influencing effect was increased with the increasing of COR concentration.In addition,COR promoted the growth of the maize roots,and significantly increased the number of brace root plies,number of brace root,number of brace root,diameter of brace root,brace root angle,volume of root,and dry weight of root with the increasing of COR concentration.In summary,the optimal COR concentration for ‘Xianyu 335’ for lodging resistance was 10.00 and 1.00 μmol/L for ‘Zhengdan 958’,indicating that different maize varieties had different sensitivity level to COR.Keywords：coronatine;maize;internode characteristics;root characteristics1|9|1<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to clarify the effects and mechanisms of exogenous SA on the growth of winter wheat seedlings under salt stress and optimize the concentration of exogenous SA alleviating the salt stress.In this study,a hydroponic experiment was carried out on cultivating wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by using SA as regulatory substance to explore the effects of extraneous SA at 5 concentrations (50,100,200,300 and 500 μmol/L) on the growth and physiological properties of wheat under salt stress (120 mmol/L NaCl).The results showed that exogenous SA alleviated salt stress effects in winter wheat seedlings.The alleviating effects were not obvious at 50,100,300 and 500 μmol/L SA concentrations,while the concentration of 200 μmol/L SA significantly enhanced the chlorophyll content and root activity of wheat seedling.The 200 μmol/L SA treatment significantly improved antioxidant enzymes (SOD,POD,CAT) activities and improved proline content and soluble protein content to alleviate lipid peroxidation damage.In conclusion,the effect of 200 μmol/L SA was the best in alleviating salt stress effects of winter wheat seedlings.Keywords：salicylic acid;wheat;salt stress;growth;physiological characteristics0|8|15<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to explore the effects of experimental sites and varieties on the agronomic traits of millet,this study investigated the agronomic traits of 6 millet varieties planted in 7 typical areas in Shanxi Province on 2014 and 2015.The experiment of each variety was repeated 3 times.The results showed that the plant height of the millet in the Shanxi province Wutai County area was significantly higher than that in other areas,and its panicle length was significantly higher than that in the Shanxi province Changzhi County.The difference between the growth period in the Shanxi province Dingxiang County,Shanxi province Pingding County and the difference between the pilots in the Shanxi province Wutai County and Shanxi province Gaoping County areas both reached a significant level.The spike grain weight and yield of the millet at the pilot in the Shanxi province Yuci County were higher than those in other areas.And the Shanxi province Fenyang County pilot had a positive effect on the 1 000-grain weight than those in other areas.The main stem height in the Shanxi province Changzhi County was significantly lower than that in other districts,and the length of spike in the Shanxi province Gaoping County trial was significantly higher than that in other districts.Through more than one year's comprehensive analysis,it was found that the growth period and number of spike of ‘Changzagu 1205’ were higher in all regions than in other cultivars,and the variability in length of spike was the highest.The Changsheng 13 had the lowest yield effect in 1 000-grain weight and main stem height.‘Nongda 8’ had the highest yield effect in panicle length,1 000-grain weight and yield.However,the high yield effect of panicle length and yield of ‘Changnong 35’ displayed negative effect,and its growth period,panicle number and main stem high coefficient of variation were the highest.But the increase effect on the height of main stem was the highest,and the panicle number was the best in Shanxi province Dingxiang County.In summary,the pilot sites and varieties showed interactions in agronomic traits of millet.The varietal factors had greater influence on the length of spike of millet and the height of the main stem.Keywords：region;varieties;millet;agronomic traits0|11|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to study the effects of nitrogen fertilizer application rate on the tuber yield,starch yield and quality of potato varieties with different starch contents,two potato varieties,high starch ‘Kexin 22’ and low starch ‘Kexin 19’ with similar growth period,were used as test materials and five nitrogen (N) fertilizer application rates of 0,75,150,225,and 300 kg/hm2 were selected in this research.After harvest,potato tuber yield,starch content,starch yield,and ratio of amylose to amylopectin were measured to analyze the effects of N fertilizer application rate on these traits.When the N fertilizer application rate was increased in the range of 0-300 kg/hm2,tuber yield of high starch variety ‘Kexin 22’ showed a trend of first increase then decrease and the tuber yield reached the highest at 225 kg/hm2.The tuber yield of low starch variety ‘Kexin 19’ showed a trend of continuous increase.With the increase of N fertilizer application rate,the amylose,amylopectin,and total starch contents on the dry weight basis (DW) of both varieties showed a trend of continuous decrease,while the amylose,amylopectin,and total starch contents on the fresh weight basis (FW) showed a tendency of first increase then decrease.When the N fertilizer level was at 75 kg/hm2,the amylose,amylopectin,and total starch contents (FW) of tuber reached the highest values.In the two varieties,a continuous decreasing tendency was found for the ratios of amylose to amylopectin in starch.The yields of amylose,amylopectin,and total starch of high starch variety ‘Kexin 22’ showed a trend of first increase then decrease with the increase in N fertilizer application rate.When N application rate was at 150 kg/hm2,the yields of amylose,amylopectin,and total starch were highest.The yield of amylose of low starch variety ‘Kexin 19’ showed a trend of continuous increase,while the yields of amylopectin and total starch showed a trend of first increase then decrease with the high values appearing at 225 kg/hm2 of N fertilizer application rate.Keywords：potato;nitrogen fertilizer;tuber yield;starch content;starch yield;amylose-amylopectin ratio0|8|9<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The aim of this study was to investigate the physiological characteristics of post-harvest deterioration in cassava tuberous roots with different starch content.The physiological indexes of tuberous roots of different cassava varieties with higher starch content (RS01) and lower starch content (SC124) were measured at 0,5,10,15 and 20 days post harvest.The results showed that:With the storage duration,the browning degree of tuberous roots was gradually deepened,dry matter content and CAT enzymatic activities were firstly decreased and then increased,starch content was firstly increased and then decreased.Meanwhile,MDA content and SOD enzymatic activities were firstly increased and then decreased,lastly increased,and the POD enzymatic activities was continue increased.RS01's browning degree was more serious,it reached 30% in 5 d post harvest,and browning was discovered on SC124 20 d postharvest.In the roots of cassava varieties with higher starch,its dry matter content was richer and more changeable,water was lost faster,MDA content was richer.The SOD,POD and CAT enzymatic activities all were stronger during the storage process.In conclusion,there were significantly correlation of storability with starch content that the storability of cassava varieties with low starch is stronger than those with high starch.Keywords：cassava;tuberous roots;starch content;post-harvest deterioration;physiological characteristics4|13|4<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to find out the reasons for spinach seed's vigor descent,the changing rule of the physiological and biochemical indexes and the expression of the germination-related genes,this study used the method of high temperature and high humidity artificial accelerated aging to treat spinach seeds.A series of physiological and biochemical indexes and the expression of the germination-related genes were evaluated after artificial aging treatment of spinach seeds.The results showed that the length of root,the germination rate,the germination force,the activity of POD,SOD,CAT,APX and the expression of the germination-related genes (GAI1、GA2ox、RACK1、DGAT、ARP1、ARF、ABA8ox1 and VP1) gradually decreased and the content of the soluble sugar and the MDA gradually increased with the prolongation of aging time.Because of the decrease of antioxidant enzyme activity,the free radicals in vivo were not cleared up in time,which leaded to the aggravation of membrane oxidation and the damage of the bio membrane,and it was one of the important reasons caused the reduction of the seed germination and the accelerated aging of the seeds.Keywords：spinach;seed;artificial aging;physiological and biochemical indexes;gene expression;seed vigor2|9|4<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Prenatal stress results in complex behavioral,physiological and neurological consequences for the developing of offspring,which can last into adulthood or even propagate to subsequent generations.Inadequate management practices of the farm animals during pregnancy may be potential stressors for the mother,with detrimental effects on the growth,health and welfare of the dam and its offspring,and thus can affect the economic consequences of the farm animals.The outcomes from different experimental models using either maternal stress paradigms or artificially increased maternal glucocorticoid are presented,the effects of prenatal stress on the phenotype of the offspring are systematically summarized,and possible reasons for consistent or divergent results are discussed.It is revealed that the prenatal stress can impair birth weights,regulate the development of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis,modify behaviour pattern and cognitive ability,and alter gene expression and brain morphology of the offspring.There is evidence that the maternal glucocorticoid regulation is a major determinant of the alterations in offspring.Further research should focus on the gene expression,immune function and production performance in offspring and maternal behavior in female offspring used as breeding animals,as well as the comparative study of prenatal stress during different gestational period,the continuous study of the effects of prenatal stress on the offspring and the treatment strategies that effectively reverse the detrimental programming effects of prenatal stress.Keywords：sheep;programming effects;prenatal stress;phenotypes2|10|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The study was conducted to investigate the effects of melatonin implantation on cashmere yield,length,fibre diameter and plasma melatonin concentration of Inner Mongolia cashmere goats during the cashmere non-growing period.Eighteen 3-year-old,female,half-sib,Inner Mongolian cashmere goats with similar weight and cashmere yield in the previous year were randomly assigned to two groups (n=9) including a control group and a melatonin implantation group that was implanted with melatonin on May 15th and July 21st,respectively.Cashmere growth was observed,and the cashmere fibre samples and blood samples were collected monthly following implantation until the end of the experiment on September 29th, 2014.The results showed that:1) Melatonin implantation on May 15th initiated cashmere growth ahead of schedule in June and the cashmere growth in all of the melatonin-treated goats was initiated in July.2) The average length of cashmere in melatonin implantation group was 34.95 mm in June.However,the growth of cashmere in control group was not initiated.When the length of cashmere in control group was just up to 22.45 mm,the treatment group reached 57.51 mm,which was significant higher than the former (P<0.05).The administration of melatonin had no influence in cashmere fibre diameters (P>0.05).3) The concentration of melatonin of control group increased to its maximum in August from June and July of the melatonin implantation group,which decreased to normal level in August.The melatonin concentrations of melatonin implantation group both in the daytime and nighttime were significantly higher than those in control group in June and July (P<0.05),and there was no difference in August and September (P>0.05).The data indicated that melatonin implantation after combing could increase plasma melatonin concentration significantly and induce cashmere growth.Keywords：Inner Mongolia Cashmere goat;melatonin;cashmere production performance;plasma melatonin concentration;non-growing period1|10|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The purpose of this research was to determinate the halofuginone residue and its depletion in chicken tissue.A total of 100 AA broilers aged 25-30 d and weighted about 1.0 kg were selected and fed with recommended halofuginone dosage of 3 mg/kg.Ten chickens of each timepoint were sampled at 0 d,6 h,1 d,2 d,3 d,5 d and 8 d after the last time administration.Their pectoral muscle,skin+fat,liver and kidney were then respectively collected and stored at -20 ℃.The samples were extracted with ethyl acetate after enzymatic hydrolysis of trypsin solution,degreased with n-hexane,and purified on solid phase extraction column.UPLC-MS/MS was used to detect the halofugimone residue.External standard method was used for quantitative analysis,and the data of the residues were processed using WT1.4 software to calculate the withdrawal time.The results showed that:The detection limit and quantitative limit of this method were 1.5 and 5.0 μg/kg,respectively.The recovery rates of these four different tissues were ranged from 74.8% to 91.1%,and the coefficients of variation were less than 11.5%.The residues test results showed that withdrawal time was 0 d for muscle and skin+fat tissues,4 d for kidney and 5 d for liver.In conclusion,this method was simple for operation with higher sensitivity,and could be used for the detection and analysis of halofuginone residues in chicken tissues.Considering the influence of environment and individual differences,the withdrawal period of halofuginone was determined 5 d tentatively.Keywords：AA broilers;halofuginone;UPLC-MS/MS;residue elimination5|11|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To investigate the relationship between deer antler morphogenesis and intracellular [Na+] of antler stem cells including antlerogenic periosteum (AP) stem cells and pedicle periosteum (PP) stem cells,AP tissue and the facial periosteum (FP) tissue (used as a control) were collected from 10-month-old male sika deer calves at the time of pedicle initiation through surgery.The PP tissue was collected from 2-year-old male sika deer.All of the AP stem cells,PP stem cells,FP cells were cultured in vitro.The intracellular sodium ion of AP cells,PP cells and FP cells were stained with CoroNa Green indicator dye.Voltage-gated sodium channel (NaV) genes were identified through PCR.The difference of intracellular [Na+] in the three cell types was analyzed with fluorescent density.Influence of testosterone and MS-222 on intracellular [Na+] in the three cell types was tested.The results showed that the descending order of the intracellular [Na+] in the three cell types was:AP cells>PP cells>FP cells.It was consistent with that of the plasticity of these cells.NaV1.1 gene was transcript specifically in AP cells.The intracellular [Na+] of the three cell types was not influenced by testosterone treatment.The MS-222 treatment decreased the intracellular [Na+] concentration of the three cell types but did not alter the order of the intracellular [Na+] in the three cell types.The president study implies that morphogenesis of deer antlers may be similar to that of lower animal organs.It is regulated by intracellular sodium ion of antler stem cells.Transcription of NaV1.1 gene in AP cells might contribute to the high level of intracellular [Na+].No evidence showed that testosterone had direct effects on intracellular [Na+] of antler stem cells,though both of them were closely related with antler morphogenesis.In conclusion,the generation and regeneration of mammalian organ were similar to those of lower formed animals,which were related to intracellular [Na+].0|9|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Based of the previously obtained transcriptome data of Apis cerana larval gut,the optimization of annotated gene structures,prediction,analysis as well as identification of unannotated genes were conducted in this study.By using Cufflink software,the transcripts were reconstructed based on reads,and 3 366 genes' structures were optimized via comparison with reference transcripts.By reconstructed transcripts comparisons with reference genome,527 novel genes of A.cerana were predicted,among which 234 were annotated to Nr and KEGG databases.A total of 12 novel genes were randomly selected for PCR identification,and their expected fragments were amplified suggesting the real existence of majority of predicted novel genes.The GO categorization and KEGG pathway analysis showed these novel genes were likely to play key roles in growth and development,substance metabolism and genetic information transmission.This study provided improved for gene structural and functional annotation information of A.cerana genome,and provided preliminary foundation for further functional investigation of the novel genes.Keywords：Apis cerana;genome;RNA-seq;gene structure optimization;novel gene identification0|8|3<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to improve the heat preservation and heat storage capacity of solar greenhouse in winter and promote the rapid construction of the solar greenhouse,three types of solar greenhouses with new wall structures were designed,namely Phase change solidified active heat storage greenhouse (G2),Modular soil active thermal storage greenhouse(G3) and In-situ concrete passive heat storage solar greenhouse(G4).They were measured for the indoor environment and compared with Traditional active heat storage greenhouse (G1) as the control.The test results of the four types of greenhouse showed that the average nighttime temperatures under sunny conditions were 15.7,16.4,17.8 and 16.6 ℃,respectively;The average nighttime temperatures of cloudy days were 12.4,13.8,13.8 and 13.1 ℃,respectively;The lowest average temperatures under continuous snow conditions were 7.3,8.3,8.8 and 7.8 ℃,respectively.G3,the Modular soil active thermal storage greenhouse,showed good performance at night and continuous low temperature conditions,which provided a better growing environment for indoor crops when the outdoor temperature was low,was convenient to construct,and had certain promotion value in areas suitable for solar greenhouse development.Keywords：solar greenhouse;wall;performance;active heat storage1|10|2<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To investigate the correlation between the soil moisture and temperature of topsoil,the moisture and temperature changes of soil were measured in the solar greenhouse located in Hohhot.The relationship between soil temperature and moisture content was analyzed by Gaussian function multi-peak fitting and linear fitting.The results showed that the soil moisture content changed linearly with soil temperature in three test areas on different soil layers.Between soil temperature and moisture content,the closer the depth of soil to the soil surface,the more significant of the linear relationship.The relative error of the calculated soil moisture content with the actual data was less than 5%.This study provided guiding significance for monitoring and controlling soil environment in solar greenhouse.Keywords：solar greenhouse;soil moisture content;soil temperature;linear fitting1|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Aiming at the problem of the behavior of arch greenhouse structure under longitudinal wind load and out-plane stability under roof load,a moment equilibrium equation of circular curved beam was established by taking large displacement and second-order moment effect into account.Combined with other equilibrium equation,geometric equation and physical equation,the deflection and torsion angle control equations of circular curved beam were obtained,respectively.Then the geometric nonlinear displacement,deformation and internal force models including coefficients of circular curved beam were received,and the calculation scheme for geometric nonlinear displacement and internal force of circular curved beam were also gained.Because the deformation of circular curved beam was similar to that of circular arch with out-plane buckling.On the above basis,the out-plane buckling of circular arch was analyzed and the calculation method for critical load of circular arch with out-plane bifurcation buckling was built.The analysis results showed that the geometric nonlinear static analysis model of circular curved beam by the study could be used to calculate the nonlinear behavior of arch greenhouse structure and the out-plane bifurcation buckling.Keywords：circular curved beam;circular arch;second-order moment effect;geometric nonlinearity;static analysis0|8|2<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to solve the problem of the net and dislocation of net packaging stuck during the working process of fruit packaging machine,a control system of pneumatic fruit net packaging machine is designed based on PLC.The mechanisms are centrally managed by using PLC basic unit as the main control site,pneumatic device and PC as auxiliary debugging configuration,and I/O point as distributed control;A sensor detection technology is used to detect the running state of the conveying mechanism and the net packaging state,and the monitoring and control are carried out through PLC in real time to ensure the stable operation of the system;The equipments in the system are controlled to complete the continuous action of the fruit set net process by writing PLC program.The control system includes manual mode and automatic mode.Automatic control mode for the usual normal production in accordance with the requirements of the set of network operation under certain temporal order.When automatic control has errors and problems,the system is turned to manual mode.The research results provide a new way to solve the problem of low working efficiency and poor performance of traditional net packaging machine.Keywords：fruit packaging machine;PLC;pneumatic drive;program debug1|8|2<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：By using granulation method,four kinds of organic polymer materials,e.g.hydroxyethyl cellulose,hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose,polyvinyl alcohol,and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose are applied to the granulation of biogas residue.The indexes including particle size,balling rate,particle strength,water absorption,and water retention rate of biogas slurry fertilizer are measured to study the effect of the type and content of organic binder on the biogas residue granular fertilizer.The results show that:In terms of pelleting rate of biogas residue particles,when the mass fraction of PVA as a binder is 9.09%,the prepared pellets of cow manure biogas residue are pelletized to a balling rate of 82.31%.In terms of biogas residue particle strength,the minimum strength of fertilizer particles prepared when hydroxyethyl cellulose mass fraction is 6.25% is 6.3 N.When the mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol is 9.09%,the particle strength of biogas residue fertilizer can reach 90.3 N;In terms of water absorbent of granular fertilizer biogas,the water absorption capacity of granular fertilizer is positively correlating with its mass fraction in the granules.The disintegration time test of biogas residue granular fertilizer shows that hydroxyethyl cellulose is suitable for the preparation of fast-acting biogas residue granular fertilizer,and polyvinyl alcohol is suitable for the preparation of slow-release biogas residue granular fertilizer.Keywords：bovine stool biogas residue;fertilizer;polymer materials;particle strength;polyvinyl alcohol0|10|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Quantitative evaluation is taken as the starting point,and based on RS and G1S,the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and Delphi method (Delphi) evaluation method are used.Three main evaluation function factors,including ecological function,recreational function,disaster prevention and risk avoidance function as well as 12 evaluation index factors were determined.A overall and hierarchical comprehensive evaluation system is constructed,the method of obtaining and evaluating relevant index values is put forwarded,and the function of park green space in Hefei is evaluated empirically.The results show that:The comprehensive evaluation value of park green space function in Hefei is 0.743 0.The integrated evaluation is atⅡmiddle levels,indicating that the scale of park green space in Hefei is appropriate.The index is relatively advanced,the structure is relatively reasonable,and the comprehensive function effect is good.However,there does also exist the phenomenon of function exerting imbalance.The existing problems are pointed out and the relevant suggestions are put forwarded.Keywords：park green space;functional evaluation;AHP;GIS;Hefei City0|10|11<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：This study takes Horqin Left Back Banner as the research area and analyzed the characteristics of cultivated land area expansion from 2008 to 2013 using the method of remote sensing.Then the condition of input-output of cultivated land is investigated to explore incentives of cultivated land expansion in farming-pastoral zone from the perspective of scale and income level of farmers.The results showed that:1) Although rural labor had shifted,the area of cultivated land in Horqin Left Back Banner increased from 2008 to 2013 because of the reclamation of grassland into cultivated land;2) Farmers expanded cultivated land in order to increase their income because the average net income per unit area of cultivated land was ￥5 412.60 per hectare.The conclusions are as follows:Although the yield per unit area of farmland in farming-pastoral zone is weak,since farmers can achieve certain scale management of cultivated land and farming income reach the average social income level,cultivated land will not be abandoned or marginalized,in addition,other land will be converted to cultivated land.Therefore,this study suggests that the cultivated land be further expanded unless take ecological protection measures,and the risk of ecological deterioration still exists.Keywords：cultivated land use;cultivated land marginalization;scale of farmland operation;ecological protection;farming-pastoral zone0|9|2<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to meet the current arable land quality assessment and management needs,determine the connotation of arable land quality reasonably,a literature review method and summary induction method are used from the perspective of time,to sort out the development of domestic and foreign arable land quality evaluation connotation in this study.The research results show that:1)The connotation of arable quality at home and abroad ranges from single suitability evaluation to productivity,ecology,health,and other dimensions of arable land quality assessment.2)At present,due to nation and public needs for food security,ecological security,arable health,and landscape diversity,determined that the current connotation of arable land quality must be defined from the perspectives of arable land production characteristics,ecological characteristics,health characteristics and landscape characteristics.The study recommends that the future assessment of arable land quality should comprehensively consider the comprehensive characteristics of arable such as production,ecology,health,and landscape,and people should further research on the quality evaluation unit,evaluation scale,evaluation method and evaluation index selection of arable land,thus providing theoretical support for the management of arable land trinity.4|9|22<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To understand whether the machine harvest has reduced the rice harvest losses,based on the data of 1 032 Chinese farm households in 20 provinces in 2016,this study runs quantile regression to analyze the impacts of the machine harvest on harvest losses of rice.The results show that:Firstly,the total losses rate of harvest,threshing,field transportation and cleaning is 3.92%;Secondly,combined-harvesting can reduce the rate of losses of farmers who used their own machines.Compared with the manpower,using machine in transportation can reduce the loss rate but increase it in cleaning;Thirdly,the machine social service can reduce the rate of losses of farmers whose post-harvest loss rate is lower in the combined harvest while it increases it in the segmented harvest.In conclusion,in order to reduce the loss rate and take full advantage of agricultural machinery,it is necessary to improve and normalize the social service for the use of agricultural machinery.Keywords：agricultural machinery;rice;post-harvest losses;socialized services1|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Based on the data of 998 families of rice farmers in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River in 2017,this study investigates the influence of operation scale and information acquisition on ecological production behaviors of the whole peasant households.In addition,the farmers are divided into pure farmers,Ⅰ farmers and Ⅱ farmers,and the influence of information acquisition on the ecological production behavior of different type of farmers is separately analyzed.The results show that:1) For the whole farmers,there exists a "U" relationship between the scale of operation and the reduction of farmers' use of pesticide and fertilizer.Joining the agricultural cooperative organization has a significant positive effect on reducing the use of pesticide and chemical fertilizer and using soil-testing formula,and the number of training has significantly positive effects on all ecological production behaviors.2) For different types of peasant households,there exists a "U" relationship between the scale of operation and the ecological production behavior of pure farmers,and the information acquisition has a significant positive effect on the ecological production behavior of different types of farmers.Keywords：operation scale;information acquisition;ecological production behavior;difference analysis0|8|10<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Based on family life cycle theory,this study uses the data of 711 sample households in 3 provinces of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River to reveal the influence mechanism of the family life cycle on the scale operation intention of farmers.The results show that:1) Compared to the empty nest family with elders at home,the other life cycle stage of farm households has a greater willingness to scale operation.2) Householder personal characteristics age,cultural level,health status,the characteristics of farm households outside employment,arable land per capita,the external environment characteristics of mountain hilly terrain,the average area of agricultural land,the grain policy support perception,satisfaction of rural road traffic facilities are the key factors that influence the will of peasant household scale operation.3) There are significant differences in the influence factors of farmers' scale operation intention on different family life cycle stages.In conclusion,it is believed that the government should provide pension policy support to families in the empty nest stage and encourage them to transfer out of the land.In the stage of raising period and stable period of farm households have strong human resources endowment and the willingness to become the subject of moderate scale management,the government should enhance farmers' agricultural production and operation capacity trainings and policy support,improve agricultural production conditions in the external environment,and increase farmers' enthusiasm for production and their willingness to operate on a large scale.Keywords：family life cycle;householder;scale operation intention;influence factor0|8|7<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to explore the influence of social trust on the cooperative participation of farmers in business operation,based on the field survey data of Pingyi County Shandong Province and Macheng City of Hubei Province,using the Binary Logistic model at the personal level,an empirical study is conducted from the perspective of social trust,and its internal connection is revealed.The results show that:Interpersonal trust,institutional trust,gender,cultural degree,family arable land,family income,labor force ratio,and village level information service stations in the village have significant influence on the behavior decision of farmers' cooperative participation in business operation;The higher the degree of trust,the greater the possibility that the farmers' cooperation in the business of the electric business is higher;Institutional trust has a greater impact on Farmers' decision-making than interpersonal trust,in the poverty-stricken areas where economic development is relatively backward,the role of institutional trust is particularly important;The role of trust and governance at the grass-roots level in the development of e-commerce has not reached the extreme.Based on the empirical analysis,suggestions for promoting farmers' active cooperation and participating in the operation of e-commerce are put forwarded from the aspects of making full use of interpersonal trust,building and cultivating institutional trust.Keywords：business operation;cooperative behavior of farmers;interpersonal trust;institutional trust1|9|2<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to discuss the influence of relocation and settlement project on farmers' livelihood capability,employing the survey data of 657 households from Ankang City,South Shaanxi,and selecting methods based on livelihood capital to measure livelihood capability of rural households,considering the endogenous and selection biases of the relocation and settlement project(RSP),Propensity Score Matching (PSM) is used to empirically test the impact of relocation and settlement project on livelihood capital of rural households to examine and understand the changes in farmer's livelihood capability.The results show that relocation and settlement project has a significant positive impact on the livelihood capital and physical capital,and the impact of different relocation types on the five capitals of rural households varies.Combining the results of measurement estimation,relevant policy suggestions are proposed.Keywords：relocation and settlement project;livelihood capability;rural household;livelihood capital;sustainable livelihood3|10|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：For a better understanding of China's basic research status and the change of its position of three main grain crops in the world,a bibliometric approach was used to analyze the trends of papers published in the past 15 years (2002—2016) on high quality academic journals of biology and agricultural science.The results showed that China's basic research on rice and wheat had been in the forefront of the world and began to lead the world.Chinese scientists showed strong momentum on maize.Some excellent scientists had been at the forefront of international competition.With the state's continuous investment of scientific innovation,the basic research of the three grain crops in China would soon be able to lead the world in an all-round way and provide an important guarantee for world food security.Keywords：rice;maize;wheat;scientometrics;CiteSpace3|9|8<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
