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- Abstract：In order to investigate the effects of different nitrogen application rates and intercropping on oat,sunflower productivity and nitrate accumulation after oat harvest,a field experiment was conducted in semi-arid regions of western Jilin province with 3 nitrogen application rates (0,50,and 100 kg/hm2).Yield,nitrogen uptake and soil nitrate content were measured.The results showed that:Oat and sunflower strip intercropping had yield advantages and higher N uptake efficiency.Its land equivalent ratio (LER) and N uptake equivalent ratio (NER) were ranged from 1.20-1.37 and 1.20-1.30 respectively;at 100 kg/hm2 N application rate,intercropped oat and sunflower had the highest seed yield (4.40 and 6.65 t/hm2),above ground biomass (12.81 and 12.40 t/hm2) and N uptake (182.78 and 192.12 kg/hm2).The aboveground biomass and N uptake for intercropped oat was increased by 17.2%-35.4% compared to sole oat while the yield and N uptake for intercropped sunflower was increased by 22.78%-46.15% compare to sole sunflower.Intercropping significantly decreased soil (0-60 cm) nitrate nitrogen accumulation in the border rows of intercropped oat after oat harvest,however,it significantly increased soil nitrate nitrogen accumulation in the border rows of intercropped sunflower.Overall,it was found that 100 kg/hm2 nitrogen application rate was optimal for oat and sunflower strip intercropping in this region.Keywords：sunflower;oat;land equivalent ratio;nitrogen uptake equivalent ratio;nitrate nitrogen2|9|1<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Fortified mepiquat chloride (1,1-dimethyl piperidinium chloride,DPC) is DPC 25% AS (aqueous solution),the component of adjuvant in it could slightly damage the epidermis of young tissues of cotton plants,and thus prolong the period of DPC validity compared with DPC 98% SP (water soluble powder).Therefore,fortified DPC was used for cotton chemical topping to replace manual topping in some regions of China.The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of plant density and nitrogen rate on cotton chemical topping with fortified DPC in Yellow River valley region,and to improve the supporting cultivation measures for cotton chemical topping.Experiments were conducted in Hejian City,Hebei Province in 2014 and 2016 by taking the cotton variety XS17 as material.Compared with the manual topping,the chemical topping with fortified DPC produced 4.5-7.5 cm higher plants and 2.5-2.6 more sympodials,while its leaf area index (LAI),aboveground biomass and allocation between vegetative and reproductive parts had no obvious changes.In addition,the chemical topping increased boll weight,but slightly decreased boll number and did not significantly affect cotton yield.Both open boll percentage in late September and the first harvest seed cotton ratio were enhanced by the chemical topping with fortified DPC.Plant density influenced growth and development of cotton plants,which was characterized by shorter plants,fewer sympdials,shorter lower and middle sympodials,larger LAI as well as increased shoot biomass while plant density increased.The responses of yield and maturity to plant density differed between two years.There were no differences between plant densities in 2014 with a dry July,and the high plant density reduced yield and delayed maturity compared to the low and medium density in 2016 with a wet July.Nitrogen rate did not alter growth and development of cotton plants as well as yield and maturity.Moreover,most traits mentioned above were not significantly influenced by the interactions among topping treatment,plant density and nitrogen rate.It suggests that the cotton chemical topping with fortified DPC possibly did not require specific plant density and nitrogen rate,which was helpful for the generalization of simplified technique in Yellow River valley region.Keywords：cotton;plant density;nitrogen;fortified mepiquat chloride;chemical topping1|8|10<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To reveal the formation of common mycorrhizal networks (CMNs) on wheat growth and nutrient absorption regulating mechanism in jujube-wheat intercropping system,the influence of different AMF on the growth of jujube tree seedlings, by using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation method under sterilized conditions, and the effect of CMNs on wheat growth,N/P concentration,and N/P content were investigated.The results showed that:1) Different AMF displayed significant different impacts on the growth of jujube tree seedlings.The biomass of jujube seedlings that inoculated Funneliformis intraradices and F. mosseae treatments were respectively 1.06 and 1.31 times higher than that of control;2) The formation of CMNs between jujube tree and neighboring wheats significantly promoted P absorption of the neighboring wheats.Under inoculated AMF conditions,the P content of 30.00 μm mesh treatment were respectively 2.09 and 1.38 times higher than that of the seal and 0.45 μm mesh treatments.In conclusion,different AMF showed significant difference in the growth and N and P content of jujube seedlings.The formation of CMNs between jujube tree and neighboring wheats could significantly improve P absorption for the neighboring wheats and promote the growth of wheat ultimately.Keywords：jujube;wheat;intercropping system;arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi;common mycorrhizal networks0|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
Identification and preliminary evaluation of smut resistance in BChybrids derived fromL.×(Hance) Bor
Abstract：Aiming to prompt smut resistance levels in Saccharum L.×Narenga porphyrocoma (Hance) Borhybrid BC1,using a mixed spores of Sporisorium scitamineum collected in main sugarcane-producing areas in Guangxi Province as inoculum,and a method combining dipping inoculation with natural infection,smut resistance identification was carried out on 38 BC1 hybrid and control.Four disease parameters including the latent infection period,the sustained disease duration,the inoculation incidence,and the natural incidence,were compared with the smut resistant performance of control.The smut resistance of testing varieties was comprehensively evaluated.Further test was conducted by means of systemic cluster analysis.The results showed that:The correlations between four parameters were significant different at 0.01 levels.In SNBC1 hybrid combination,there were 7 varieties failed to infected smut,accounting for 18.42%;A total of 15 varieties were highly resistant to smut (HR),accounting for 39.47%;Three varieties were resistant to smut (R),accounting for 7.89%;Three varieties were of the middle sensitivity to smut(MS),accounting for 7.89%;Two varieties were sensitive to smut (S) accounting for 5.26%.The clustering analysis matched the resistance performance of tested SNBC1 hybrid in field.0|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27- Abstract：Analysis on cold tolerance of cotton seedlings with 8 kinds of seed coating was conducted to help the selection of high quality seed and provide technical support for the application and popularization of seed coating theory.Taking Xinluzao 57 as study materials different low temperature treatments in white seed period (4,8,12℃) were conducted to determine the 9 indexes including germination rate,plant height,dry matter,MDA,SOD,POD,CAT,SP,Pro by using two methods analysis.The results showed that:1) Different low temperature treatments combined with different seed coating,its cotton seedling germination rate,plant height and dry matter were higher than those of the control,which were increased with temperature,significantly;2) Under the condition of low temperature,MDA content decreased in different cotton seed coating treatment,and SP,SOD,POD,Pro content and CAT activity increased;3) Through the principal component analysis,the 9 indexes were transformed into 6 relatively independent comprehensive indexes,and the cold resistance of seed coating agents was comprehensively evaluated by using membership function and cluster analysis.The coatings were divided into 4 grades,which were not cold (seed coating 3),weak cold (seed coating 1,2 and 4),medium cold resistance (seed coating 7 and 8) and strong cold resistance (seed coating 5 and 6).Keywords：cotton;seed coating;low temperature;principal component analysis;membership function0|8|7<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To explore the change rules and correlation among serum PRL,E2,P4 and STAT5 levels in dairy cows' serum during the period of milk withdraw,a total of 20 healthy cows in late pregnancy,which averagely produced (15.43±0.6) kg milk per day,were taken as study object.The day when cows began to dry milk was recorded as 0 d,and the venous blood from the tails was collected on 0,1,3,5,7,9 and 11 d,respectively.ELISA was used to detect the levels of PRL,E2,P4 and STAT5.The results showed that:During the period of milk withdraw,the changes of PRL level and milk yield among 0-1 d were not significantly (P>0.05) and they were declining from 3 to 11 d with significant differences (P<0.01);The changes of E2 level among 0-1,3-5,7-9 and 9-11 d had no significant differences and the changes overall were on the decline.The STAT5 level also had a downward trend,and there were no significant differences between 0-5 d and from 7-11 d,while the difference between 0-5 d and 7-11 d were significant (P<0.01);The change of P4 level had no significant differences from 0-11 d (P>0.05);PRL,E2 and STAT5 had significantly positive correlation with the milk yield (P<0.01),the changes of PRL,E2 and STAT5 had significantly positive correlation with each other (P<0.01),while P4 has no significant different correlation with PRL,E2,STAT5 and milk yield (P>0.05).In conclusion,during the period of milk withdraw,the levels of serum PRL,E2 and STAT5 in dairy cows were declining and had significantly positive correlation with each other,while the level of P4 has no significant change and no significant correlation with others.These results provided basis for research in the influence of hormones milk withdraw.1|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The traditional method of body weight monitoring during the process of laying hens was time consuming and laborious,their body weight data could not be obtained in real time,and the stress of laying hens was easy to be monitored.A real-time body weight monitoring system for laying hens was designed and buit.The real-time body weight monitoring system of laying hens was based on the perches in the new aviary system.The quality sensor was installed at both ends of each perch.The real-time monitoring program for the body weight of the laying hens was written by LabVIEW to collect and process the data of the quality sensor.The results showed that:1) The overall accuracy rate of the number of chickens identified in the system reached 98%;2) In the light period,the average weight change of the flocks monitored by the system was larger,the maximum difference was 292 g compared with the manual monitoring value,and after one hour of dark period start the average body weight of laying hens monitored by the system tended to stabilize;3) The average body weight of the laying hens was monitored by the system during 22:00-23:00.Compared with the manual monitoring value the average error of the system was ±109 g,the maximum error was ±152 g,and the relative error was between 2.6%-8.1%.Keywords：laying hens;weight monitoring;perch;animal welfare3|8|1<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：A total of 6 Mongolian horses after 4 months high-load training were taken as study object in order to discover differentially expressed genes and related metabolic pathways.The muscle samples of these horses were respectively collected before and after the training.By using next generation sequencing technology,a miRNA library was established.Target genes were then predicted and enriched through GO analysis,and analyzed by KEGG pathway.The results showed that:1) Before and after the high load training,366 and 346 miRNAs were identified respectively.A total of 216 co-expressed miRNAs were identified and 7 620 and 7 535 target genes were predicted.The expression abundances of differentially expressed miRNAs were miR-1,miR-378,miR-21,miR-101 and miR-133a;2) The GO enrichment results showed that miRNA's target genes were annotated to biology processes including developmental process,anatomical structure development,protein binding,enzyme binding,etc.The KEGG analysis results displayed that the target genes were annotated to 210 pathways including actin cytoskeleton metabolic,calcium signaling pathways,cardiac muscle contraction,etc.This study provided theoretic support for further investigation of the molecular mechanism of Mongolia horse strong stamina and offered new insights for comprehensively understanding Mongolian horse's athletic characteristics.Keywords：Mongolian horse;high load exercise;miRNA;target gene0|8|2<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To investigate the prevalence and types of extended-spectrum β -lactamases (ESBLs) resistance genes in Escherichia coli from feces and habitats of captive Giant Panda,double disc diffusion test and K-B disk diffusion method were used to confirm ESBLs and antibiotic resistance in E.coli isolates from captive Giant Panda feces (n=96) and their habitats (n=29).Additionally,the ESBLs genes were detected by PCR-sequencing.The results showed that:The detection rates of 96 fecal and 29 habitat strains producing ESBLs were 26.04% and 24.14%,respectively;The resistance rate of ESBLs positive strains was higher than that of negative strains (P ≤ 0.05),and the strains from different resources harbored high resistance levels and multi-resistance to 5 antimicrobial agents including ampicillin (resistance rate ≥ 30%);The prevalence rate of blaTEM,blaCTX,blaOXA and blaSHV in fecal strains were 16.67%,11.46%,7.29% and 0%,respectively.However,the rates of above genes in habitat strains were 13.79%,10.34%,0% and 0%,respectively.In conclusion,ESBLS-producing E.coli exited widely in the strains tested.These strains had more serious resistance and complicated resistance mechanisms.blaTEM and blaCTX are dominant genotypes in these strains from Giant Panda and their habitats.Keywords：Escherichia coli;resistance;extended-spectrum β-lactamases;genotype1|8|2<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To investigate the impacts of consolidation,rehabilitation and development on land production,ecology and life benefits,three typical project areas in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were selected.The benefits of land consolidation were evaluated by analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.The results showed that the benefits of land consolidation had some synergistic effects,but there are still some differences among productive,ecological,and living functions.The improvement of production efficiency in the areas with good natural background was greater than that of poor natural conditions.The improvement of the production and living facilities in the densely-populated areas was obviously more significant than that in the sparsely populated areas.The land consolidation should be fully carried out according to the local conditions,digging its development potential to improve consolidation efficiency.Keywords：land consolidation;analytic hierarchy process;fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method;productive-ecological-living evaluation system;Inner Mongolia0|7|6<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Taking Zhangjiakou City as the research object,the multi-functional evaluation index system of land use from the social,economic and environmental perspectives was conducted.The multi-functional status and its changes in 1995,2005 and 2014 were measured.The results showed that:1) From 1995 to 2004,the total function of land use was slowly degraded,and the difference among counties was increasing,and the social function and environmental function played important roles in land use system.From 2005 to 2014,the overall function of land increased,the county difference was becoming narrowed.The land use was dominated by economic function and the coordination in individual functions deteriorated.2) The central city was in dominant position whether in social and economic function or in the overall function.The environmental function of the northern part was relatively strong,but the social function and economic function were weak.The most districts of the city had experienced a stage in which the economic function and social function promoted at first and then degraded.Their change trends were contrary to environmental functions.The southern region was the most obvious in the latter stage of environmental degradation.Keywords：land use versatility;spatiotemporal change;regional difference;Zhangjiakou City0|8|6<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The purpose of this study was to explore the way of reasonable utilization of land in the farming-grazing transitional zone.Land use types and land desertification information were extracted from the same period remote sensing images of Horqin Left Wing Rear Banner.The land suitability information was extracted from the basic data of topography,soil and water resources in the study area.Based on the analysis of land desertification and land suitability,the land use structure optimization by using GIS and RS was conducted.The results showed that the ratio of decertified land was 77.94% and the degree of desertification declined from northwest to southeast.The desertification and suitability status of cultivated land,forest land and grassland were significantly correlated:The lower the suitability,the higher the possibility of desertification.Among which,the cultivated land was the most representative.The reclamation of low suitability for cultivated land and extensive using of land was the reason of cultivated land desertification.Low quality land reclamation and overgrazing were the reasons of forest land and grassland desertification.Cultivated land in the ecological fragile areas decreased by 2.80%.Forest land and grassland developed from the sand land reclamation increased by 6.88% and 16.02% respectively.Researches on semi-the application method of grassland and semi-farmland leaded to frequent transformation between cultivated land and forest land,grassland,which promoted further development of desertification.In order to realize the sustainable development,the optimization of land use should support ecological recovery,and promote the balanced development of animal husbandry and planting industry at the same time.Keywords：farming-grazing transitional zone;land use type;desertification;land suitability;the land use structure;Horqin Left Wing Rear Banner0|8|8<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：It was very important to improve tobacco leaf quality detection method in tobacco industry.The traditional detection methods based on appearance and chemical were time-consuming and laborious,and it is difficult to meet the requirements of industrial production.A total of 78 batches of tobacco leaves of Guiyang rebaked plant on 2016 were used in this study.Near Infrared spectroscopy,nicotine,total sugar and other chemical data were analyzed.Based on the modern spectral signal processing techniques such as derivative and the coefficient of variation,a fast detection method based on near infrared spectroscopy was developed.The results showed that using the full spectral average at calculating variation and the first derivative spectra,the correlation coefficient between spectral variation coefficient and the nicotine value's variation coefficient reached 86.60% and 86.12%,respectively.This new method could be used in tobacco grade detection directly.Keywords：tobacco;grade;near infrared spectroscopy;derivative pretreatment;variation coefficient2|9|1<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
Interval fractional programming optimization model for irrigation water allocation under uncertainty
Abstract：In order to achieve optimal water distribution scheme,which satisfies multiple goals under the limited irrigation water resource,an interval fractional programming model was developed by combining interval uncertain method with linear fractional programming.Taking Hongyashan irrigation area,which is located in Minqin County,Wuwei City,Gansu Province,as an example,the model obtains optimal allocation water resources of four main crops (wheat,crop,cotton and seed watermelon) in different water availability based on food security under different hydrological years are investigated.The optimize results under different water use efficiencies are obtained by comparison.The results show that:In low flow year,watermelon's water requirements should be met firstly;When it comes to high flow year,the priority should be moved to cotton;And in the median water year,the increasing range of optimal agricultural water use efficiency is[0,5%].In conclusion,the model proposed in this study and its analysis can provide theoretical basis and decision support on the water allocation optimization and improvement of water efficiency for Hongyashan irrigation area and similar irrigation area.Keywords：water allocation optimization;interval fractional programming;multi-objective;water use efficiency0|8|3<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27- Abstract：Because of the uncertainty of rainfall,it was difficult to configure optimal harvester for agricultural machinery cooperative.A rice-wheat planting field located in Bengbu City was taken as study object.The functional relationship between rainfall and moist farm (harvested by crawler-harvester) proportion was fitted based on investigation data.In the simulation process,rainfall was generated by history data over past thirty years.The Monte Carlo method was used to optimize harvesters' configuration.The uncertain rainfall cases were analyzed based on optimal harvesters' configuration.The simulation results indicated that:Functional relationship between rainfall and moist farm proportion was presented logistic distribution.The optimal harvester configuration was 14 crawler-harvesters and 14 wheeled-harvesters.The minimal harvesting cost was 7 255.7 thousand yuan.The ability of agricultural machinery cooperatives to response the risk was increased significantly with reduction in the cost of crawler-harvester.It was necessary to estimate the functional relationship between rainfall and moist farm proportion in rice and wheat area.The subsidy strategy of harvesters should be formulated reasonably based on characteristics of the rainfall in rice harvesting period.It was useful to support agricultural machinery cooperatives to response the potential risk.Keywords：combine-harvester;multi-type combine-harvester configuration;logistic distribution;rainfall;Monte Carlo method0|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Aiming at the confusion of agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) industry in China,the status quo of the domestic industry chain of agricultural UAV including the upstream and downstream relations of research and development,production,market and service in the industry chain are investigated.The results show that:1) In China,the development of agricultural UAV is separated from the actual production,and the core science and technology of UAV can not meet the production needs;2) Although a large number of enterprises have engaged in the production of agricultural UAV,the UAV production's quality can not be guaranteed,and compared with foreign countries there is a big gap;3) The market of agricultural UAV is huge,and there are more advantages and opportunities than traditional agricultural machinery;4) Agricultural UAV after-sales service needs to be improved further and the main problem is that the enterprise service concept is not clear.In conclusion,the confusion of agricultural UAV industry should be paid more attention,the research and development,production,market and service on UAV need to be adjusted.Their correlations should be enhanced to extend the application of agricultural UAV in China agricultural plant protection and to further cover the areas which are left out in the proceeding of Chinese agricultural mechanization and automation.Keywords：agricultural unmanned aerial vehicles;industrial chain;market;SWOT analysis2|8|3<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To understand and master the situation of timber security,the timber security of China during 1997-2015 was evaluated and analyzed by using PSR conceptual model and Entropy method in this study.The results showed that:1) The pressure of timber security in China during 1997-2015 was increasing in wave with international timber trade as the main factor;2) The state of timber security in China presented an downward-then-upward tendency during 1997-2015.The main influencing factors were domestic timber supply and forest resources condition;3) The responses to ensure timber security of China indicated a steep rising trend due to the improvement of the security of timber in China by both the timber industry technical progress index and the waste paper recovery rate;4) The changing trend of the comprehensive evaluation of timber security in China approximately agreed with that of state evaluation indicating that state indicators were key factors affecting timber security in China.In conclusion,the pressures influencing the timber security of China are on rising.However,the state of timber security and the responses on high-tech industry are improved at a higher range than that of the pressures,which would lead to the increase of China's timber security.Keywords：timber security;PSR model;entropy method;comprehensive evaluation0|8|1<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To understand the status of technological progress of wheat production in China and the technological progress rate of wheat production,the stochastic frontier analysis method was adopted to analyze the input and output panel data of 15 wheat producing areas in China from 1998 to 2014.The results showed that the technological progress of wheat production mainly included the breeding and upgrading of fine varieties,the promotion of cultivation techniques,the mechanized production technology and the pest control technology;Wheat production average annual rate of technological progress was 1.242 2%,and technical progress effect was remarkable;There were obvious regional differences in the technological progress rate among the main producing areas of wheat.The technological progress rate of most major producing areas was positive,while the technological progress rate in Sichuan and Yunnan was negative.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen interregional cooperation in wheat production technology.Keywords：wheat;technical progress;SFA0|8|2<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Luochuan County is an important area for apple production in China.It is important to understand the current situation of apple orchard in Luochuan County,calculate the reasonable fertilization range and analysis the relationship between the input and benefit on farmers' profit in this area.A household survey from 154 farmers was conducted to investigate the relationships among fertilization,yield,cost and profit in apple orchards,and the data was analyzed by the combined method of data normalization and gray correlation analysis.The results indicated that the increase of fertilizer could improve apple yield within a certain range.The farmers could gain the highest yield and profit when the input of apple orchard increased to 30 000 RMB/hm2.All the input of fertilization,pest and disease prevention,labor and bagging were closely linked to the farmers' profit,and the cost of fertilization and disease prevention had the greatest proportion of input.And excessive and deficient application of N,P and K fertilizers existed simultaneously.Therefore,suggestions onstrengthening the reasonable application of fertilizer in apple production in future was put forwarded.Keywords：apple;yields;fertilizer application;effectiveness analysis;dimensionless0|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To explore micro-management mechanism of agricultural non-point source pollution in Erhai Watershed and understand whether scaled farm and perception on environmental protection promoted farmers' willingness to adopt environment-friendly agricultural technology.Using the survey data of 397 rice growers in the upper reaches of Erhai Watershed,the influence factors of rice growers' environment-friendly agricultural technology adoption behavior was determined by negative binomial regression.It was concluded that:Firstly,the big scale farm and enhanced perception on environmental protection had significantly positive relation with farmers' willingness to adopt more environment-friendly agricultural technologies.Secondly,compared with farm size,perception on environmental protection posed greater influence on technology adoption.In addition,farmers' willingness to improve living environment also helped them to adopt more environment-friendly agricultural technologies.0|7|10<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Taking Changting County of Fujian Province in South China as an example,the evaluation index systems of ecological construction and economic development were established.The efficiency function and coordination degree models,combined with entropy method and multi-factor comprehensive evaluation method,were used to analyze the coordination of ecological construction and economic development from 1985 to 2015.The results showed that the coordination of ecosystem of Changting County displayed a linear upward trend from 1985 to 2000,and moderate and high levels of coordination were achieved in 1995 and 2000,respectively.However,the coordination of ecosystem was in decline since 2000.The coordination of economic system increased gradually since 1985,indicating that the economic development of Changting County was getting better and better.The results,derived from the coordination degree model,indicated that the coordination degree between the ecological and economic systems maintained a rising trend from 1985 to 2000 and from 2006 to 2010,respectively.However,there was a decline in coordination degree from 2001 to 2005 and from 2011 to 2015,respectively.In conclusion,there was still population pressure,irrational economic structure,recurrent soil erosion problems of the ecosystem and economic system in Changting County.Keywords：soil erosion;efficacy function;ecological construction;economic development;coordination degree;Changting County0|8|4<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to explore the influence of immigration policy on farmer's policy satisfaction,survey data with 433 farmers of the relocated migration from former central soviet areas in Gannan in this study.Firstly,Probit model is adopted to analyze the data based on the Ultimatum Game.The possible endogenous problems between the execution and negotiation of the immigration policy and the farmers' policy satisfaction are considered in the analysis.Bioprobit model is then used to conduct an analysis by selecting appropriate instrumental variable.The results show that execution and negotiation of the immigration policy can significantly increase the farmers' policy satisfaction.Relevant policy implications are suggested based on the results of this study.Keywords：execution and negotiation;policy satisfaction;relocated migration;Ultimatum Game;former central soviet areas in Gannan3|8|3<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To understand the influence of internal and external environment on the safety cognition of pesticide retailers,126 retail outlets in seven cities of Guangdong Province are taken as example.The method of structural equation based on the theoretical analysis is used to empirical test the influence of organization characteristics and market shares on pesticide safety cognition.The results showed that:1) The pesticide safety cognition of retails is generally low.2) Organization characteristics and market share are the two factors which affect pesticide safety cognition of retailers.And organization characteristics indirectly affect pesticide safety cognition through market shares,and market shares directly affect pesticide safety cognition.3) Pesticide safety cognition of retailers will rise along with increasing the operating period,the number of workers,village covers,land covers,the number of large and medium-sized customers and annual sales.4) Compared with private business,plant protective station and agricultural materials companies and retailers,which belong to supply and marketing cooperatives,have the lowest pesticide safety cognition.Keywords：organization characteristics;market shares;pesticide safety cognition;retailer;structural equation1|7|2<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
