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- Abstract：How to reduce and control statistical errors of testing larger numbers of markers has become a common and difficult problem in genome researches.To deal with this issue,under the theories of sequential analysis and multiple hypothesis test,we introduce in this paper a novel method,Sequential Multiple Decision Procedure(SMDP),which can be used for testing and grouping large numbers of makers with sequentially varying samples size.Some crucial practical aspects (computational accuracy and amount,etc.) of this method were investigated,and corresponding strategies were proposed.A set of real data from a pharmaco-genetics experiment containing 87 cell lines and 5841 SNPs was analyzed,in comparison with traditional methods,as an example to demonstrate the feasibility and advantages of SMDP.Keywords：genome,multiple hypothesis test,statistical error,sequential analysis,sequential multiple decision procedure(SMDP)1|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Harmony coefficient(HC) theory was constructed by mathematical statistics principle and method to agricultural ecosystem in the paper,which consists of efficacy function,harmony coefficient function,range of harmony coefficient value and rank of harmony coefficient(RHC),and the appraised index on agricultural ecosystem was established.Finally,Ziyang county,Yiyang city of Hunan province(ZYH) was case studied with harmony coefficient theory.The result made know that ZYH of agricultural ecosystem is ascending trend from 1990 to 2002.RHC is 5 and HC is feeble maladjustment from 1990 to 1998;RHC is 6 and HC is feeble harmony from 1999 to 2002.HC of agricultural ecosystem is influenced by sub-system.In 1990,HC of agricultural ecosystem is low because of low HC of economic subsystem and social sub-system.HC of agricultural ecosystem is low because of low HC of ecological sub-system in 1998.HC of agricultural ecosystem is impacted mainly by economic sub-system and ecological sub-system as a whole,and economic sub-system is positive,and ecological sub-system is negative.The relationship between economic benefit and ecological benefit is one of central contradictions to agricultural ecosystem development.Keywords：agricultural ecosystem,harmony coefficient,range of harmony coefficient,Ziyang county2|5|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To deal with the loading of heterogeneous and distribute database and the distribute computation in Web computation,a Web-computing environment is designed by simulating single computing cell's environment as a browser/server construction,and by adopting middleware of Java database interface,communication between Applet and Servlet and Digital Signature techniques of Java class packet.In the developed agricultural remote analysis system that involving some usually used optimization modeling analysis and agricultural expert system,the designed computation environment is realized.Keywords：Web computation,data transferring,data accessing,agricultural remote analysis system2|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Keywords：urban agriculture,industrial cluster,market platforms,information and technology platforms2|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Using tetrahydrofuran(THF) as extracting solvent,extracting and saponifying technologies from marigold were studied at room temperature.The effects of THF volume,reaction time and concentration with potassium hydroxide in ethanol on the yield of lutein extraction were researched.The results show that THF volume,reaction time have a remarkable effect on the yield of lutein extraction.Based on the experiments,the orthogonal experimental design was adopted in the extraction process.The effects of THF volume,reaction time,and concentration of potassium hydroxide in ethanol on the yield of lutein extraction and the lutein detection content with the HPLC method were investigated by the orthogonal experiments of L_9(3~4),which suggests an optimum extracting technology that THF volume is 50mL/g,reaction time 6h,and concentration with potassium hydroxide in ethanol 0.15g/mL.The lutein yield is more than 90% using the optimized technology.Keywords：lutein,marigold,saponification,orthogonal experiment1|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：To investigate the strength of the soil-root composite in water and soil conservation,the constitutive model of a soil-root composite and its characteristic parameters,based on the fundamental theory of soil mechanics and the basic methods of mechanics of composite materials,was established in this paper.The constitutive equations of the soil-root composite,which express the stress-strain relationship,were derived under the hypothesis of isotropy.The results indicate that the strength of the soil-root composite is not only related to the physical properties,structure,water keeping capacity of soil and plant roots,but also to the friction force and adhesions between soil granules and roots,as well as among soil granules themselves.Keywords：soil-root composite,stress-strain,constitutive equation6|8|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The effects of different concentrations of Avermectin,Apramysin and Sulfamethazine on microbe respiration in different soils were studied.And the safety assessment of three kinds of veterinary medicines was conducted.The results showed that these effects varied with soils.It was noticed that to higher soil organic matter corresponded negligible effects of drugs on soil respiration.In the sand loamy soil with higher organic matter,avermectin,apramysin and sulfamethazine could all stimulate soil respiration during early and middle period of exposure.The CO_2 emissions increased following the exposure of three drugs at different concentrations.The activity of microbe respiration in loamy soil with low organic matter was inhibited after 51 hours exposure to the three veterinary drugs.Compared with the control group,the CO_2 emissions were reduced of 43%,62% and 46% respectively following the exposure of avermactin,apramysin and sulfamethazine at the highest concentration group(500mg/kg dw).This may be related to the interaction between drugs and microbial activity in the soil.According to the standard of pesticide safety evaluation,the three drugs used contained were less poisonous to soil microbes.Keywords：Avermectin,Apramysin,sulfamethazine,microbial activity,soil respiration3|7|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Keywords：white clover,perennial ryegrass,orchardgrass,community photosynthetic characteristics,nitrate reductase activity(NRA),content of chlorophyll2|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：A novel procedure for determination of lactic acid isomers in the rumen and silage fluid was developed based on pre-column chiral derivation with L-menthol.The determination showed a linear response within the concentration range of 0.05 and 10.00mg/mL for L-and D-lactate isomers with the correlation coefficients of 0.9995 and 0.9996,(respectively).The recovery of each isomer averaged between 96.15% and 108.24%(RSD<5%).A comparison of analytical results of lactate isomers on the rumen and silage fluid established between the enzyme procedure and that in this studyshowed no significant difference(P>0.05).Using gas chromatography conditions described here,6 volatile fatty acids(VFA) including acetate,propionate,iso-butyrate,butyrate,valerate and iso-valerate acids were simultaneously analyzed with both lactate isomers,having high correlation coefficients of 0.998 2 and 0.9994 within the VFA concentration range from 0.05 to 5.00mg/mL.Fermentation fluids were run for 6 min for both the isomers of lactic acid and VFA assay.Keywords：lactic acid isomer,gas chromatography,ruminal fluid,silage fluid3|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：An in vitro gas production experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of oil selection progress of Beinongda high oil(BHO) population on chemical composition,ruminal digestion characteristics and fermentation traits in vitro.The experimental HOC grains were alternately obtained from 16 oil-selecting cycles of BHO population.With genetic selection progress,the fat content of BHO population linearly increased from 6.84% in cycle 2 to 13.20% in cycle 16.The starch and protein content in HOC grain quadratically responded to the selection progress,and there were close correlations between the content of starch and fat(r=-0.83,P<0.001) in one hand and between the content of protein and fat(r=0.75,P<0.001) in the other hand.Rate and extent of starch digestion significantly increased in a linear fashion with increased selecting cycles,indicating that genetic selection for oil in such BHO population probably altered the structure of endosperm layers or texture of starch granules.Accumulative gas amount during 48h fermentation and DM digestibility at 24 h incubation time significantly declined with increased selecting cycles.This may be attributable to the reduced starch content with the increased fat content,rather than to any direct effect of increased fat.As fat content increased,the pH value,total VFA concentration and propionate molar percentage also significantly increased in a linear fashion and molar proportions of acetate and butyrate linearly declined at 6h incubation time.However,these values did not differ at 24 h incubation time.Keywords：HOC grain,selection cycles,in vitro rumen digestibility,in vitro rumen fermentation0|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR method was established to quantify the sheep prion gene expression.The PrP target fragment was amplified,and the real-time fluorescent RT-PCR technique was used to construct the standard plasmid and curve to quantify samples.Total RNA was isolated from different regions of the central nervous system(CNS) and peripheral organs to quantify the gene expression after the reverse transcript.The results showed that higher mRNA levels were present in CNS than in peripheral organs and the expression levels of PrP mRNA were 39420 copies and(7845) copies per ng total RNA respectively.The highest expression level was found in Obex with 67020 copies per ng total RNA within all CNS examined.In peripheral organs examined,high and low expression was respectively observed in lymph node and kidney,and the expression levels were 29086 copies and 125 copies per ng total RNA.The real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR is currently considered to be the most precise method for nucleic acid quantification and appeared as a powerful tool for further studies on prion diseases pathogenesis.Keywords：prion,RT-PCR,gene expression,real-time quantification PCR1|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Keywords：heat stress,broiler chickens,colibacillosis,femoral artery pressure1|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Keywords：electroless composite plating,polytertrafluoroethylence,surfactant0|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Wavelength selecting can be used to select a research space with all combinations of strong correlativity wavelength and large magnitude of the concentration information as final wavelength regions to build a PLS calibration model of NIR.Correlative component analysis algorithm can be employed to identify the magnitude of the information of samples concentration by the variance of the correlative component matrix between spectral matrix and concentration matrix.The apparent amylase content test results showed that the numbers of wavelengths for building the models can be reduced to 22% of the original method.Correlation coefficient can be increased from 0.9212 to 0.9730,standard deviation of cross validation in calibration can be reduced from 3.4043 to 1.9774, and the root mean squared error in prediction was reduced from 4.8100 to 1.9000.The prediction precision was greatly improved by correlative component analysis algorithm.Keywords：near infrared spectroscopy,correlative component analysis,wavelength selecting,apparent amylase content3|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The FD(Frequency Domain) technique,is used to measure soil water content(WC) based on the dielectric theory.The objective of this paper is to evaluate a two-step calibration procedure for a prototype FD sensor named FDS.The testing media include organic liquid,soil and substrate.The output voltage of the sensor is related to soil permittivity,and soil water content is then obtained from Topp equation that reflects the general relationship between permittivity and soil water content.The experimental results demonstrated that the data from the two-stage calibration agreed reasonably well with the results from the oven-dry method and the ML2 soil water content sensor.Keywords：frequency domain(FD),soil water content sensor,calibration0|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to get speech communication as clear as possible under a high noise environment,a research on the improved algorithm about cepstrum distance was conducted to estimate the message of endpoint voice with speech cespstrum vectors.The experiments show that cepstrum distance method has high performance in background with high noise.Via MATLAB,under the environment of white noise and car noise,the accuracies of the single-word definition in the speech experiments are 93% and 95% for SNRs 10dB and 15dB,respectively.Keywords：cepstrum distance,voice endpoint detection,SNR,high noise0|10|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：Originated from identity of authentication in a bank electronic business system based on B/S structure and a combination of practical techniques in most systems,the triple identities of authentication scheme was designed in a new system.In the new system,the fundamental structure and specific technique of the scheme were introduced and realized the identity of authentication of the EIS system.The operation of this new system showed that the method was simple and available.The triple identities of authentication scheme developed here can also be applied to the similar systems.Keywords：system security,Identity of authentication,triple authentication techniques0|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The study was carried out in order to determine and establish the functional characters of micronized starch prepared from food-grade cassava starch using a vacuum ball-grinding machine.Particular tokens have been made on the changes of gelatinization property of micronized starch,structure of aggregation state,property of freeze-thawing,solubility,etc.,caused by the granularity effect of starch granules.The viscosity variation trend of micronized cassava starch is almost the same as native starch.But the gelatinized temperature,peak viscosity,and the decreasing amplitude of viscosity during heat preservation process are all decreased along with granularity reduction of starch granules.The stability of hot cassava starch paste is remarkably improved after micronization.Its freeze-thawing stability is very close to the native cassava starch.Simultaneously,the cold stability of gels and solubility are also improved after micronization of cassava starch.Keywords：cassava starch,micronization,ball-grinding treatment,paste property,modification3|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：The probability distribution model of load in an arbitrary design reference period is established based on Bernoulli trials model by analyzing the probability distribution model of loads in the paper.The calculation method of characteristic value of load is put forward on "the referential point method" by which computation formulas and tables of characteristic value of load corresponding to the design reference period are given.It is avoided that the guarantee probability in the design reference period degrades while the design reference period reduces is avoided by adoption of "the referential point method".The method presented in the paper is more practical to structure design of civil buildings that has a relatively short design reference period.Keywords：probability model,characteristic value,referential point method,guarantee probability0|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to study the feasibility of rapidly estimating fertilizer contents in dairy based on specific gravity(SG),electrical conductivity(EC) and pH,89 samples were selected from suburb of Beijing.Total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),total potassium(TK) and ammonium nitrogen(AN) contents in dairy manure were determined by traditional chemical methods.SG,EC and pH were determined in laboratory.In the experiment,the relationship between TN, TP,TK and AN contents in dairy manure and physical and chemical properties was studied and the regression equation of rapidly estimating TN,TP,TK and AN contents in dairy manure was developed based on physical and chemical properties.The results showed that EC and pH could be evaluated for estimating total nitrogen(R~2=0.645,P<0.001,accuracy was 12.0%),and EC,SG and pH could be evaluated for estimating total nitrogen(R~2=0.675,P<0.001,accuracy was 11.7%).EC could be evaluated for estimating total potassium (R~2=0.687,P<0.001,accuracy was 30.2%).EC and pH could be evaluated for estimating ammonium nitrogen(R~2=0.717,P<0.001,accuracy was 19.6%).Keywords：dairy manure,fertilizer contents,estimating,EC,SG,pH1|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：In order to study the function of the agricultural informationalization construction investment,we analyzed the investment effect and problems from the agricultural informationalization construction investment of government and the successful experience of the developed countries by the method of comparative analysis and diagram.The result indicated that the agricultural informationalization construction investment satisfied the rule of marginal digression,investment increment in underdeveloped area was the necessary condition to improve the total level of the agricultural informationalization construction,and the investment amount had an optimum value.In short order,the government should advance the whole diathesis of the agricultural informationalization troop,and then arrive at the goal of high quality personnel in the future.Keywords：agricultural informationalization,government function,investment,policy strategy4|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
- Abstract：This paper briefly analyzes the business operation features of real-estate development projects in the industrial upgrading and transferring stage aiming at the facts of a less considerations on business operation in a feasibility analysis and economic evaluation,which leads to difficulties in providing enough evidences and good guidance to the investment strategy and implementation operation of the real-estate projects at the level of business operation.Based on the above analysis,the paper also proposes the analytical model(flowchart) of feasibility evaluation to the real-estate development projects after analyzing its investment opportunity,strategy and financing,exploring the main relevant contents and methods of pre-evaluation implementation.The research reveals that this model can help the real-estate company to tender for the land use in reserves for its future development projects,instruct it to properly invest in the existing development projects,and appropriately evaluate the feasibility of financing policy.Therefore,this model supplies a want for the former feasibility evaluation model of the project development only seeing the situation in the light of project.Keywords：business operation,real-estate development projects,feasibility evaluation,analytical model0|6|0<HTML><L-PDF> <Meta-XML>Updated：2024-02-27
