“The research in the field of biostimulants in Europe continues to be active, with outstanding outputs from Spain, Italy, and Germany. The research topics have gradually shifted from early physiological mechanisms such as resistance induction, hormone regulation, and signal transduction to application oriented directions such as nutrition management, response to abiotic stress, and improvement of crop quality. The industry scale is steadily expanding, and policies are gradually being unified and standardized, providing reference for relevant development in China.”