“The protection of natural resources can bring an additional 3.20% improvement in the well-being level of rural residents in nature reserves. The research progress in the field of ecological well-being is introduced, and the research team has established an evaluation index system for the well-being of rural residents. The internal mechanism of the impact of natural resource protection on the well-being of rural residents is explored, providing a scientific basis for the benign co construction and co management of nature reserves.”