“New progress has been made in the research of the Zhahanaoer coal mine waste dump in Inner Mongolia. The research team has constructed a three-layer structure of "bottom soil of the waste dump - water and fertilizer retaining layer - clay sand composite soil", and explored the effects of different soil reconstruction methods on soil improvement. It was found that the comprehensive effect of the treatment with a clay sand volume ratio of 1:5 and a water retaining layer is the best, which can provide scientific basis for vegetation restoration in grassland mining areas.”