“E3 ubiquitin ligase, as the core regulatory factor of the ubiquitin proteasome system, is introduced in this paper. The research progress of E3 ubiquitin ligase in the field of stress resistance of horticultural crops is introduced. The researchers systematically reviewed the classification characteristics, catalytic mechanism, and molecular network of E3 ubiquitin ligase under drought, high salt, and extreme temperature stress, providing new theoretical basis and technical path for genetic improvement of stress resistance in horticultural crops.”